Coal char gasification for co-production of fuel gas and methane decomposition catalysts

Partial gasification of coal char was conducted with addition of metal oxides for co-production of fuel gas and methane decomposition catalysts. Effect of the metal composition (Ni, Co and Fe based mono- or bi-metals) was investigated on the fuel gas production and the resultant catalyst surface and textural properties, morphology and performance in catalytic methane decomposition (CMD). Besides H₂-rich fuel gas production (the combustion energy up to 11.03–23.42 MJ/kg_char) from the gasification, the gasification residue can directly serve as the effective and efficient catalyst for CMD. The Fe and Fe–Co composite oxides were found to be better among the mono- and bi-metallic oxides for the fuel gas production during the gasification, respectively. The Ni-based mono-/bi-metallic catalysts could display high and stable methane conversion (up to 80%) during the 600-min CMD test at 850 °C. Promotional role of the second metal in CMD was discussed on the carbon diffusion, metal mobility and reducibility, formation and growth of the deposited carbons. The formed carbon morphology after CMD was analyzed based on the Kirkendall effect and Tammann temperature and further correlated to the potential catalyst deactivation.     

A mathematical model for open pit mine production scheduling with Grade Engineering® and stockpiling

This paper presents the development and implementation of an innovative mixed integer programming based mathematical model for an open pit mining operation with Grade Engineering framework. Grade Engineering comprises a range of coarse-separation based pre-processing techniques that separate the desirable (i.e. high-grade) and undesirable (i.e. low-grade or uneconomic) materials and ensure the delivery of only selected quantity of high quality (or high-grade) material to energy, water, and cost-intensive processing plant. The model maximizes the net present value under a range of operational and processing constraints. Given that the proposed model is computationally complex, the authors employ a data pre-processing procedure and then evaluate the performance of the model at several practical instances using computation time, optimality gap, and the net present value as valid measures. In addition, a comparison of the proposed and traditional (without Grade Engineering) models reflects that the proposed model outperforms the traditional formulation.     

沁水盆地赵庄矿3号煤层地面煤层气抽采低产原因分析

在对沁水盆地赵庄矿煤层气开发地质、煤层气生产井资料深入研究的基础上，分析、总结了区内煤层气直井低产原因，并据此提出了区内地面抽采后续开发方向。研究认为:3号煤层气含量偏低、含气饱和度低、临储比低，致使排采阶段气含量可降幅度低，是其低产的宏观表征；3号煤储层不匹配孔级，较差连通性，即微、小孔为主，中孔次之，大孔不发育，微裂隙连通性差，致使扩散缓慢、影响储层改造和抽采效果，是其低产的微观表征；3号煤层远高于顶底板塑性及相近的水平应力，进一步造成改造缝长受限，泄流面积不足。因此，建议区内后续地面抽采方式应以增大泄流面积开发方式为主。     

小青煤矿北二采区4煤层顶板含水砂岩富水性研究

由于小青煤矿北二采区顶板含水砂岩较为发育,给安全生产造成了隐患,为保证矿井安全生产,通过对顶板砂岩沉积、岩性和地质构造等因素进行研究,分析了4煤层顶板含水砂岩的富水性。该项研究对类似条件下其他矿井水害防治工作具有一定的参考价值。     

安家岭储煤场输煤暗道通风除尘技术应用研究

针对输煤暗道的生产工艺现状，提出了采用通风与密闭抽尘净化技术，结合转载落料点密闭干雾降尘等技术措施，实现了输煤暗道内粉尘的的综合治理，通过粉尘浓度在线监测系统进行智能化控制，实现对输煤暗道通风除尘系统的远程连续监测监控，输煤暗道转载点下风侧5 m作业人员通行的位置总粉尘浓度由380.8 mg/m3降至19.8 mg/m3，降尘效率达94.8%，呼吸性粉尘浓度从96.7 mg/m3降至8.4 mg/m3，降尘效率达91.3%，降尘效果较好，有效地解决了输煤暗道及其转载落料点的粉尘污染问题，为输煤暗道内的粉尘防治提供参考依据。     

烟台市矿山地质环境概述

烟台市地处山东半岛东部，南、北濒临黄海、渤海，西与潍坊市、青岛市接壤，东与威海市毗邻；烟威高速、青威高速、沈海高速、荣乌高速、烟海高速形成连接各地的高速公路网络；蓝烟铁路、烟大铁路轮渡和青烟威荣城际铁路贯通南北；港口有烟台港、莱州港、龙口港、蓬莱港、牟平港、海阳港等；烟台蓬莱国际机场已开通多条国内、国际航线，构筑了调查区比较发达的陆、海、空交通枢纽。本文通过对烟台市矿山地质环境进行资料收集和研究概述，阐明烟台市矿山地质环境现状，为本地区矿山地质环境恢复和综合治理规划，实施矿山地质环境治理恢复工作提供基础依据。     

Coal and Lignite Production

Current data on coal and lignite production, as well as a breakdown of production by country. Updated on a monthly basis.     

松河井田多煤层资源开发条件及合采储层伤害特征

为了降低煤层气井排采过程中的储层伤害,通过分析松河井田的资源开发条件及煤层气井排采数据,总结各排采阶段不合理排采控制引起的储层伤害特征,提出不同排采阶段合理的排采工艺对策。分析结果表明:松河井田煤层气资源丰度达到2.09×10^8m^3/km^2,煤层气资源开发条件较好;松河井田多煤层合层排采过程中,不合理排采控制工艺对煤层气井的产气量影响较大;排采初期以速敏伤害为主,排采中期以气锁和应力闭合伤害为主;修井作业及停抽期间,气锁效应及应力闭合对煤层造成伤害的可能性增大。合理的排采控制能够有效降低煤层气井的储层伤害,提高煤层气井产气量。     

赵庄井田煤层气成藏条件研究

煤层气成藏条件研究是有效划分成藏类型或含气系统，煤层气富集高渗有利区预测、评价及优选的关键基础工作。基于赵庄井田煤层气地质条件及相关测试资料，借鉴前人研究成果，从煤生烃、煤层气储集和煤层气封盖保存条件等方面对赵庄井田煤层气成藏条件进行了研究。研究结果表明:煤中丰富的生烃物质在良好的生烃动力作用下，提高了生烃率和生烃量，为煤层气成藏提供了基础条件；煤变质程度高，促使煤中微小孔隙发育，煤层气储集能力增强和储集空间增大，有利于煤层气大量储存和富集；煤层埋深、围岩特性、构造及地下水径流等地质条件的有机匹配，为煤层气成藏提供了良好的封盖保存条件，是煤层气成藏的关键因素。     

煤系地层致密砂岩气甜点区地震逐级预测——以鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘下二叠统山西组2~3亚段为例

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部下二叠统山西组2~3亚段(以下简称山2~3亚段)为该盆地重要的天然气勘探目的层,但该亚段储层薄、厚度变化快、非均质性强,储层预测和勘探目标优选难度大。为了准确预测该亚段煤系地层致密砂岩气甜点区、提高天然气勘探成功率,针对该套储层的特征和预测难点,提出了90°相移技术识别河道外形、模型约束波阻抗反演刻画砂体厚度和子波衰减梯度属性识别含气砂体的地震逐级预测技术。研究结果表明:①山2~3亚段上覆5号煤地震强反射层,下伏储层地震反射能量弱,加之为稀疏二维地震测网、井控程度低,致使致密砂岩气甜点区预测难度大;②所提出的技术方法通过地震逐级预测约束,可以有效地刻画河道砂体分布并识别有效含气储层,提高了对勘探开发目标预测的精度;③基于该技术方法指导部署的勘探开发目标实钻效果好,地震预测结果横向分辨率高,真实地反映了河道及河道砂体的变化特征。结论认为,采用该方法可以有效地解决二维地震勘探区煤系地层强非均质性、薄储层致密砂岩气甜点区预测的地质难题。