深孔爆破成井技术在三道庄钼矿的试验与应用研究

洛钼集团矿山公司三道庄矿区由于历史原因,露天开采境界地下内存在的采空区已危及矿山公司的正常安全生产,阻碍了洛钼集团可持续发展。为解决这一重大问题,经过充分调研和多方论证,认为深孔一次爆破成井技术是解决此类采空区难题唯一的经济上合理、技术可行、安全可靠的手段与途径。深孔爆破成井实现与采空区顶板的贯通,使采空区边岩稳定,顶岩暴露面积缩小,确保了采空区的稳定;保证了台阶正常推进。     

A rapid detection method for the surface defects of mosaic ceramic tiles

Due to its unique artistic value, mosaic ceramics are widely used in construction-related fields. To meet the artist's demand for high-quality mosaic ceramic to create artistic works, it is necessary to meet the needs for efficient screening of mosaic ceramic tiles. Different from the ordinary large-target ceramics, mosaic ceramics exhibit characteristics of small tile sizes, a variety of colors, large demand for quantities, and easy reflection on the surface. Common manual detection methods show problems of low efficiency or accuracy, easy to fatigue, and many others. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new detection method to identify surface defects of mosaic ceramic tiles and designs a detection system platform to achieve rapid detection. The experiment proves that the detection system has a detection rate of 93.99% for small defects on the surface of mosaic ceramic tiles, and the detection time of a single mosaic ceramic tile is less than 0.06 s. The detection method can quickly and accurately screen out high-quality, defect-free mosaic ceramic tiles, which can effectively improve the quality and artistic value of mosaic ceramic art creation.     

老矿山残矿资源回收方案设计中三维探测及建模技术的应用

目前我国绝大多数中小型老矿山残矿回收面临一系列问题，包括资料缺失无法准确判定老采空区及剩余资源位置，无法准确掌握剩余资源形态及可回收量，回收方案设计与实际资源相差较大等。通过将三维探测及建模技术应用于老矿山残矿资源精准定位及回收方案设计中，有助于解决以上问题。以福建浦城屏峰硫铅锌矿为例，通过对老采空区采用三维激光扫描构建采空区三维模型，结合三维建模计算，构建了目前可回收的剩余资源三维模型。通过模型划分及切割，按照矿体实际形态，在三维模型中布设采切及穿孔工程，并将其导入平面施工图中，不仅可以减少设计工作量，而且能够精准匹配矿体，减少设计偏差。由于周边存在大量老采空区，为保障安全，在采空区及剩余资源精准三维模型的基础上，制定了采空区稳定性监测方案，布设了监测传感器，保障了资源回收安全。     

缓倾斜极薄矿体全面法开采残留点柱回采方案及稳定性分析研究

某石英脉型钨矿床,矿体倾角平均20°,矿脉厚度0.3~0.8m,采用全面法开采。经过20多年的开采遗留下大量点柱和空区,而且相邻的采空区、以及相邻中段的采空区基本已相互贯通形成空区联合体。随着暴露时间的延长,采场应力集中,采空区安全隐患大,同时造成大量矿柱资源浪费。为了确保矿山生产安全和可持续发展,同时对遗留的矿柱进行回收,通过研究采场顶板允许暴露面积、结合开采技术条件、充填工艺研究等,确定的矿柱回收工艺和采场充填工艺,并针对试验采场的回收方案进行采场矿柱回收稳定性数值分析,综合验证了点柱充填回采的方案是安全可行的,从而为矿山空区治理与点柱安全回收提供指导。     

基于现场监测与数值模拟的浅层采空区稳定性分析

隐患采空区是目前影响露天开采矿山安全生产的主要危害源之一。随着台阶开采的不断剥离,露天开采境界内各台阶与地下空区群的隔离层厚度越来越薄,随时有可能发生采空区顶板坍塌事故。考虑到露天矿采空区地质赋存条件和围岩稳固性等特征,以弓长岭露天铁矿浅层采空区为工程背景,运用现场监测和数值模拟相结合的手段综合分析了浅层采空区的稳定性。将液体静力水准地表沉降监测系统的监测数据与FLAC数值模拟结果对比,调整蠕变参数使得数值模拟的蠕变速率与现场监测结果一致,而后据此进行未来结果的预测。最终根据地表沉降数据确定的蠕变参数取值为A=1.0×10^-12、m=1.75、n=0.35。研究表明:静力水准测点地表最大沉降位移为-9.8 mm,蠕变计算结果顶板最大垂直位移约20.4 mm,应力最大值约25 MPa,综合分析显示该采空区较稳定。上述研究提供了一种基于采空区现场监测数据的数值模拟蠕变分析方法,可为类似矿山采空区稳定性分析提供借鉴。     

齐大山铁矿南帮含水构造带探测研究

为解决采空区突发涌水给矿山安全生产带来的安全威胁,以齐大山铁矿为研究对象,以高密度电阻率法含水构造带理论模型的正演模拟研究为基础,运用高密度电阻率法对采场南帮含水构造带的异常范围进行了圈定;运用瞬变电磁法进行了二次探测,并对高密度电阻率法所圈定的异常范围进行了验证。研究表明:含水构造带显示为低阻异常特征,在高密度电阻率法探测成果图中显示的两处低阻异常与含水构造带理论模型的正演模拟结果一致;同时,在瞬变电磁法探测成果图中显示的低阻区域均在高密度电阻率法所圈定的低阻异常范围内,二者相互验证,这两处低阻异常均为含水构造带的地球物理异常特征的显示,表明采用高密度电阻率法和瞬变电磁法组合识别技术可实现对隐伏含水构造带的先导性探测。     

动物源性食品中非法使用药物残留检测方法的研究进展

动物性食品可为人类提供丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质和维生素,是人类饮食中不可缺少的部分。随着人类生活水平的逐步提高,人们对动物源性食品的安全问题也越来越重视,而非法使用药物残留也一直是重要的影响因素之一。药物残留不仅会给消费者带来潜在危害,残留毒性和耐药性也会对食物和环境有显著影响。故本文综述了当前国内外关于动物源性食品中非法使用药物残留的原因、危害和药物种类,介绍了药物残留的常用检测方法,以期为加大动物源性食品中非法使用药物残留检测的力度和精度,以及从源头控制动物源性食品安全提供一定的理论指导依据。     

浅谈城市废水水质检测方法与应用

国家与地区的经济发展水平一定离不开工业的发展,我国作为工业大国,工业发展对于国家整体经济有着不可取代的作用。然而随着工业的发展,全球性的环境污染和生态破坏越来越严重。特别是我国经济正处于快速发展阶段,城市化进程不断推进,城市污染情况日益严重,城市污水治理工作逐渐被大众所关注,逐渐开始进入公众可能给事业。我国二十世纪七十年代开始逐渐开始现代城市污水的治理工作。因此,对城市污水的水质监测工作成为了极为重要的一个环节。从城市污水检测方式这一角度进行研究,分析当前城市污水水质检验方法提升实际效果的应用模式,希望能够更好的处理我国城市日益严峻废水处理问题。     

一种矿用二氧化氮传感器的检测方法

矿用二氧化氮传感器是煤矿常用的气体检测仪表，针对煤矿需求开发的矿用二氧化氮传感器，需要满足煤矿矿用产品要求。文章提出一种矿用二氧化氮传感器检测方法，说明矿用二氧化氮传感器需要满足的技术参数，供实验室检测人员借鉴，也为设计制造矿用二氧化氮传感器提供了参考。     

Comparison of the RAPID-B® flow cytometer and the BAX® system for the detection of non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in beef products

The beef industry continues to be interested in reliable rapid detection technologies for shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Current rapid technologies require several hours of pre-enrichment and additional time on the rapid technology instrument. A flow cytometer-based system (RAPID-B^®) has been shown to improve the turn-around for results with a more rapid pre-enrichment requiring only 6.5 h pre-enrichment for a 25 g and 8.5 h for a 375 g sample, followed by an additional 30 min time to achieve final results using the screening technology. The purpose of this study was to validate the RAPID-B^® technology for non-O157 STEC detection as compared to the USDA-FSIS reference method which utilizes the BAX^® system. A total of 180 STEC isolates from various sources and 20 non-STEC strains were used to evaluate specificity and sensitivity using the RAPID-B^® flow cytometer. Also, three different weights (25, 325 and 375 g) of beef trim and ground beef samples were spiked with each STEC to verify detection sensitivity of BAX^® system and RAPID-B^® flow cytometer. For both methods, samples were confirmed by culturing using the USDA-FSIS reference method regardless of the screening result. The RAPID-B^® flow cytometer showed that 180 isolates were all positive and the 20 non-STEC strains were all negative. For spiked beef samples, overall detection sensitivity was the same for both the BAX^® system and RAPID-B^® flow cytometer. When detection sensitivity was based on sample weight, there was no differences in 25 and 375 g samples between RAPID-B^® flow cytometer and USDA-FSIS reference method. The RAPID-B^® system yielded the same sensitivity as the reference method with a decrease of over 10 h of pre-enrichment time and 3 h of rapid screening detection time. In conclusion, the RAPID-B^® flow cytometer based on whole cell detection generated similar results as BAX^® system therefore the RAPID-B^® flow cytometer system could be a valuable rapid method for the detection of non-O157 STEC in beef products.