利比亚古达米斯盆地含油气系统研究

利比亚古达米斯盆地是一个巨大的撒哈拉台地克拉通内盆地，该盆地对于利比亚乃至北非都是一个重要的含油气盆地，对于整个非洲大陆油气的形成和储集具有重要影响。在分析盆地地质构造特征和沉积演化特征的基础上，进一步探讨了盆地烃源岩、储集层和盖层的演化发育历史形态，并对盆地内2个较为重要的含油气系统进行了剖析，为在该盆地内进一步开展石油勘探开发工作提供了可靠依据。     

瞬变电磁井间勘探的全空间几何因子

井间是剩余油的主要分布区域,为探测井间剩余油,提高采收率,提出了基于全空间几何因子的瞬变电磁井间勘探方法。在本井使用线圈发射、邻井使用线圈接收,根据瞬变电磁场理论,在阶跃信号的激励下发射线圈在地层中激发出沿圆周方向的闭合瞬变电场,该电场在导电地层中产生与地层电导率呈正比的涡流。由Doll地层环模型可知,地层中的涡流在空间任意点激发得到与地层电导率成正比的二次场响应信号(有用信号),并可表示为空间各点电导率的加权平均值,其权重即为井间瞬变电磁勘探的全空间几何因子;全空间几何因子集中分布在发射线圈和接收线圈附近,其它区域分布较少,在发射线圈和接收线圈两侧呈现不同的极性;对瞬变电磁响应与地层电导率、井间距和源距的变化规律研究可知,瞬变电磁井间勘探有用信号随着地层电导率的增大而增大,随着井间距的增加单调减小,在发射线圈和接收线圈处于同一深度时该响应信号幅度最大。     

秋里塔格构造带盐下构造层变形特征及油气勘探潜力

秋里塔格构造带位于库车坳陷中部,受南天山造山作用的影响,发育一系列冲断构造,具明显的分层变形特征。依据地面露头和地震资料,秋里塔格构造带以古近系库姆格列木群及新近系吉迪克组膏盐岩为中心,可划分为盐上构造层、膏盐岩构造层和盐下构造层;受挤压作用,膏盐岩差异流动,在地表形成多排线性褶皱带,盐上构造层则发育逆冲推覆及反冲构造,而盐下构造层的变形特征主要受控于挤压应力和古生代古隆起,具有明显的分段性。中秋—东秋段位于新和—牙哈古隆起北坡,盐下构造层发育与克深构造带相似的冲断构造,可形成幅度高、规模较大的断背斜圈闭,油气勘探潜力大;佳木—西秋段位于温宿和西秋古生代古隆起之上,盐下构造层不发育冲断构造,盐下圈闭以低幅度断背斜和断块为主,规模不大,勘探潜力相对较小。     

多尺度高阶FDTD逆时偏移在煤田地震勘探中的应用

目前煤田地震勘探的主要难点是深部复杂构造的成像。随着逆时偏移技术的发展，针对煤田地震勘探，如何在保证偏移成像精度的前提下，提高成像计算效率是急需解决的问题之一。从成像区域网格离散化的角度出发，针对高速层过采样和低速夹层采样不足问题，提出赋予研究对象多尺度网格的概念，具有较好的灵活性，能够对同一个地质模型采用疏密结合的方式成像。首先，根据速度模型设计多尺度网格模型，低速区域采用小尺度网格覆盖，高速区域采用大尺度网格覆盖;其次，采用高阶FDTD方法计算多尺度模型内各点的波场值，尤其过渡带内的点;最后，根据成像条件完成地下介质的逆时偏移成像。实验结果表明在保证模拟相同阶数精度条件下，多尺度逆时偏移方法比传统方法计算效率平均提升25.05%。     

Associations between Oil Yield and Profile of Fatty Acids,Sterols, Squalene,Carotenoids, and Tocopherols in Seed Oil of Selected Japanese Quince Genotypes during Fruit Development

Tocopherols, phytosterols, carotenoids, and squalene are present in mature seeds of Japanese quince. Yet, little is known about the relationship between these compounds and oil yield during fruit and seed development. The profile change of lipophilic compounds during fruit and seed development in Japanese quince cultivars “Darius,” “Rondo,” and “Rasa” is investigated. It is shown here that during fruit and seed development, there is a significant reduction, three‐ to over tenfold, in the concentration of minor bioactive compounds in seed oil. It is recorded that delay between synthesis of tocopherols and oil in Japanese quince seeds during the fruit development results in a logarithmic relationship between the oil content and tocopherols concentration in the seed oil (R² = 0.980). Similar trends are observed between oil yield and phytosterols, and carotenoids (R² = 0.927 and R² = 0.959, respectively). The profile of fatty acids during the development of the seeds significantly is changed. The reduction of linoleic, palmitic, and gondoic acids levels and increment of oleic acid is noted. The oil content, profile of fatty acids, and concentration of bioactive compounds in all three genotypes of Japanese quince do not change significantly statistically during the last month of fruit development. Practical Applications: Some fruits are harvested at different degrees of maturity mainly due to a logistic issue and uneven ripening of fruits, which affects the chemical composition of whole fruit including seeds. Therefore, it would be good to know how the chemical composition is changing in plant material during development especially in the last month before harvest. Production of Japanese quince continues to rise year to year and with it the volume of generated by‐products such as seeds. This study demonstrates how it changes the oil content, profile of fatty acid, and concentration of tocopherols, squalene, phytosterols, and carotenoids in the seeds and seed oil of three Japanese quince cultivars “Rondo,” “Darius,” and “Rasa” during plant development. The provided information can be very useful for the manufactories oriented on the processing of by‐products, mainly seeds, generated by other branches of industry, for instance, fruit‐processing.     

基于层析成像法的煤矿采空区勘探方法研究

为了对某井田采空区的埋深、地理位置以及现状进行精细化了解，确保井田在后期开采过程中矿井开采设计合理，采用层析成像法，研究了煤矿采空区地球物理特征、井田的地质概况以及层析成像在采空区勘探中的应用，采用炸药进行激发，接收点设置在地面，设置10条测线，共设置407道。研究得出:当地震波穿过采空区时，其能量、频率和能量均发生了显著的变化；在研究区，钻孔ZK2、ZK3钻孔位置处出现了显著的低速异常，表明该位置有采空区的存在，然后与实际钻孔资料进行对比分析，得出的反演结果较好地预测了采空区的位置，研究为同地质条件下井田采空区探测提供了借鉴。     

基于自适应NLM算法的地震勘探随机噪声压制研究

针对地震信号中有效信号数据存在重复性与冗余信息较多等特点，对比分析了传统的NLM算法与改进后的自适应NLM算法对地震勘探随机噪声压制，研究了不同SNR下的模拟地震信号以及两种方法去噪后的MSE和SNR对比，研究得出:当采用传统的NLM算法时，由于整个地震数据信号只利用一个滤波参数，忽略了信号区域内的不同噪声强度与结构特性，效果不佳；而采用自适应的NLM算法的滤波方法，能够较好的实现滤波的效果，模拟仿真信号与真实地震信号的滤波效果，有效验证了改进算法的自适应NLM算法对地震勘探随机噪声具有较好的压制去噪作用。     

煤田地震勘探中多井组合爆炸法浅析

地震勘探中炸药作为激发震源的激发条件多样,采用有效的震源激发方式,才能取得高信噪比的地震原始数据。本文依据有关爆破原理,理论结合实践经验,提出在厚黄土区采用多井组合的激发方式,能有效压制噪声,增强性噪比,提高数据质量。