天然气水合物和天然气脱水新工艺探讨

探讨了天然气水合物的发展过程、形成条件以及对天然气输送管道的腐蚀堵塞作用,对我国天然气脱水创新技术———膜法脱水、汽提脱水的原理与工艺过程进行了全面论述。考察了气体处理量及操作压力等对我国1.2×105m3/d天然气膜法脱水的工业试验装置的脱水过程的影响。     

第一再生器装卸催化剂口过滤器的设计及应用

针对 2 5万t a催化裂化装置第一再生器装卸催化剂口频繁堵塞问题 ,设计并安装特制的过滤器 ,解决了因堵塞影响装置生产的难题     

一种具有带孔补偿过滤器的γ剂量计的能响补偿计算

对在低能区有过高响应的γ辐射剂量计可采用带孔补偿过滤器进行能响补偿。本文介绍了对这类补偿过滤器选择最佳补偿参数(材料厚度和孔隙率)的近似求解方法;并对 CaSO:Tm 热释光剂量计用此方法作了实例计算。文中还计算了自制带有鼠笼结构的这类补偿过滤器的 CaSO:,Tm热释光剂量计对照射量的能量响应,与实测结果比较,各能量点响应的最大相差为10%。     

Feasibility analysis of membrane reactors – discovery of reactive arheotropes

A feasibility analysis methodology adopted from reactive distillation is applied to membrane reactors. A model is formulated to depict the reactive liquid phase composition on the retentate side of a continuous type membrane reactor. The effects of both the chemical reaction kinetics and the membrane mass transfer kinetics on the feasible products are elucidated by means of retentate phase diagrams and bifurcation analysis. The proposed method can be applied to various membrane processes, independent of the specific structure of the membrane. Two quaternary reaction systems are considered to illustrate the methodology. In the first hypothetical system, it is shown how selective membranes can influence the sequence of effective volatilities which in turn affects the feasible products of the system. In the second example of practical importance, i.e. the heterogeneously catalysed synthesis of propyl acetate coupled with permeation through a porous polycarbonate membrane, the dusty gas model is applied to describe the component fluxes through the membrane. For the latter reaction system, the existence of reactive arheotrope is demonstrated. Arheotropes represent mass transfer controlled feasible products of membrane separation process.     

Oxygen content of the fixative is important in the interpretation of the ultrastructure of ischaemic myocardium

Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 15, 45, or 60 minutes of global ischaemia and then fixed by perfusion at 37°C with glutaraldehyde containing various amounts of oxygen. This either had been bubbled with 100% oxygen (PO₂ 620 mm Hg) or with 100% nitrogen (PO₂ 40 mm Hg) immediately before use, or it had been routinely prepared and stored exposed to atmospheric oxygen (PO₂ 245 mm Hg). The ultrastructure of myocytes and endothelial cells subjected to 15 minutes of ischaemia was not affected by the treatment of the fixative. However, when the tissue subjected to longer periods of ischaemia was fixed with routinely prepared or oxygen-bubbled glutaraldehyde, ultrastructural changes characteristic of reoxygenation damage were uniformly evident in both the microvasculature and myocytes. These qualitatively distinct changes included mitochondrial swelling, cell swelling, endothelial bleb formation, and narrowing of capillary lumina. These abnormalities were not observed in tissue fixed with nitrogen-bubbled glutaraldehyde. These findings indicate that deliberate steps should be taken to reduce or eliminate dissolved oxygen from the fixatives used to study ischaemic tissues. Otherwise artefactual reoxygenation damage in vitro may occur and make valid ultrastructural interpretation difficult or impossible.     

红外背景干扰研究

根据从许多地区收集来的录象磁带上的图象数据和大量红外图象数据，对红外背景图象内的干扰进行了研究。图象内的噪声是以象元电平为单位的均方根形成计算。图象经过空间滤波处理，对其内的干扰再进行计算。为获得关于红外背景图象的空间频率构成的信息，在滤波和非滤波两种状态下计算了图象的光谱密度，把计算出的干扰值输入数据库取出多组数据并绘图，确定参数量（如天气、背景类型和测量条件等）对干扰电平的影响。     

无机膜的应用与展望

本文综述了无机膜的发展、制备方法和应用。     

薄膜干涉型光学全通滤波器的设计与分析

设计并分析了用于多信道色谱补偿的薄膜Gires-Tournois干涉仪（GTI）型光学全通滤波（OAPF），讨论了反射镜的膜层结构对器件 的群延迟谱和反射谱的影响，。以及大角度入射引起的偏分离现象和幅度畸变现象，给出了单级和多级串拉OAPF的初步设计结果。     

差分式连续时间电流型CMOS跨导—电容低通滤波器

应用信号流图法对电流系统传递函数直接模拟，提出了一种新颖的差分式连续时间电流模式ＣＭＯＳ跨导－电容低通滤波器的实现方案。由于采用了差分式结构和电流负反馈，整个电路方案具有差分式结构和电流型电路的优点；并且仅使用最少数量的ＯＴＡ和电容，与数字ＣＭＯＳ工艺兼容，适于全集成。面向实际电路完成了ＭＯＳ管级的计算机仿真，结果表明，所提出的电路方案正确有效