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1.
Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the real gas effects on shock/expansion fan interaction. Initial perfect gas simulations at low enthalpy capture the flow structures efficiently and outcomes are found to have excellent agreement with the analytical calculations. Furthermore, the simulations with the real gas solver for different enthalpies showed that the variation in enthalpy significantly changes the flow structures. It is observed that an increase in enthalpy leads to a decrease and increase in the postshock and postexpansion fan Mach numbers, respectively. Another important observation is the decrement in the peak pressure ratio with an increment in the enthalpy. These effects are noted to be more pronounced for Mars's environment due to the higher dependency of specific heat on temperature.  相似文献   
2.
山区高环境空间异质性对于生物多样 性维持具有重要支撑作用,生物多样性是乡村 绿色发展的重要基础资源。生态振兴是山区乡 村振兴的重要发展方向,其中生物多样性保育与 可持续利用已成为乡村生态振兴的重要途径。西 南武陵山区是中国生物多样性热点区域,丰富而 独特的生物多样性为武陵山区乡村生态振兴奠 定了良好基础。本文以地处武陵山区的重庆市 石柱县桥头镇为例,基于其“林—草—湿”一体 化的优良生态本底和丰富独特的山地生物多样 性资源,针对山区立体环境特征、生态资源禀赋 和生物多样性现状,在探讨其山地生物多样性 特征的基础上,提出了基于生物多样性保育的乡村生态振兴目标、策略及模式,为山地区域从多空间维度、多时空尺度、多产业层次实现乡村生态 振兴提供借鉴。  相似文献   
3.
4.
RM3 compounds (R = rare earth metals, M = transition metals) have rarely been studied for gaseous hydrogen storage applications because of unfavorable thermodynamics. In this work, the hydrogen storage properties of a single-phase YFe3 alloy were improved by non-stoichiometric composition and alloying with Sc and Zr. Only the Y1.1–yScyFe3 (y = 0.22, 0.33) alloys consist of a single rhombohedral phase. The Sc substitution for Y leads to the reduction in the unit cell volume of the YFe3 phase, and thus significantly increases the dehydriding equilibrium pressure and decreases the dehydrogenation temperature. The alloy Y0.77Sc0.33Fe3 delivers a decomposition enthalpy change of 33.54 kJ/mol and a lowest dehydrogenation temperature of 135 °C, in comparison with 38.99 kJ/mol and 165 °C for the alloy Y1.1Fe3. The Zr substitution causes a similar thermodynamic destabilization effect, but the composition and microstructure of Y–Zr–Fe alloys need to be further optimized.  相似文献   
5.
High surface area mixed oxide 8.7% NiO-CeO2 nanoparticles (122 m2/g; 6–7 nm) were prepared using a reversed microemulsion method, and were tested for dry methane reforming (DRM). The catalytic activity of these nanoparticles remains stable under the severe conditions of DRM (700 °C), and they show better carbon resistance than conventional NiO-CeO2 catalysts prepared without control of the size. The activity and selectivity of nanoparticles and reference catalyst are similar, but nanoparticles reduce the accumulation of carbon by 63% during the DRM tests, which is a key feature for this reaction. XPS and H2-TPR suggest that the improved carbon resistance of the nanoparticles is due to the better interaction and cooperation between NiO and CeO2 mixed phases. In nanoparticles, the participation of cerium cations in the redox processes taking place during DRM stabilizes cationic species of nickel. On the contrary, the catalyst prepared without control of the size suffers segregation of Ni during DRM reaction, and segregated Ni explains the higher catalytic formation of carbon.  相似文献   
6.
To investigate the influence of the addition of Pr–Ga alloys on magnetic properties and morphology of materials, the hot-deformed PrNd-Fe-B magnets were prepared by the addition of Pr–Ga alloys using a dual-alloys diffusion. The room-temperature coercivity of the hot-deformed PrNd-Fe-B magnets increases substantially from 1.68 to 2.34 T, while the remanence decreases from 1.42 to 1.24 T, by the addition of 5 wt% Pr–Ga alloys. Moreover, the thermal stability of coercivity improves from ?0.46%/oC to ?0.42%/oC. Two types of grain boundary phases (PrNd-rich and PrNd-Ga-rich) are generated at grain boundaries by microstructural analysis, resulting in the decrease of Fe element concentration from more than 60% to about 10% at grain boundaries. The decrease of ferromagnetic element concentration at grain boundaries and the refinement of grain are considered to be the main reasons for the improvement of coercivity and thermal stability.  相似文献   
7.
In this paper, a series of Rh/CeO2 catalysts with three-dimensional porous nanorod frameworks and large specific surface area were prepared by chemical dealloying Al–Ce–Rh precursor alloys and then calcining in pure O2. The effects of the Rh content and calcination temperature on CO oxidation and CH4 combustion were studied, and the results reveal that the Rh/CeO2 catalysts produced by dealloying melt-spun Al91.3Ce8Rh0.7 alloy ribbons and then calcining at 500 °C exhibit the best catalytic activity, the reaction temperatures for the complete conversion of CO and CH4 are as low as 90 and 400 °C, respectively. Furthermore, after 150 h of continuous testing at high concentrations of H2O and CO2, the nature of the catalyst is not irreversibly destroyed and can still return to its initial level of activity. This excellent catalytic activity is attributed to a portion of Rh being uniformly distributed on the CeO2 nanorod surface in the form of nanoparticles, forming strong Rh–CeO2 interfacial synergy. Another portion of Rh permeated into the CeO2 lattice, which results in a significant increase in the number of oxygen vacancies in CeO2, thus allowing more surface active oxygen to be adsorbed and converted from the gas phase. Moreover, the catalytic reaction can proceed even in an oxygen-free environment due to the excellent oxygen storage performance of the Rh/CeO2 catalyst.  相似文献   
8.
Photocatalytic technology can solve various environmental pollution problems, especially antibiotic pollution. A novel La-doped MIL-53(Al)/ZnO composite material was successfully synthesized by a combination of hydrothermal method and calcination, showing high photocatalytic degradation percent of sulfamethazine (SMT). The 2 mol% La MIL-53(Al)/ZnO photocatalyst shows the highest degradation efficiency toward SMT (92%) within 120 min, which is 4.1 times higher than pure ZnO (increased from 18% to 92%). In addition, the degradation analysis of SMT by high performance liquid chromatography proves that the products are CO2 and H2O. The improved photocatalytic activity is mostly caused by the following factors. (1) Doping La ions can decrease the band gap of ZnO, enhance light response, and effectively enhance the separation rate of photo-generated holes and electrons. (2) MIL-53(Al) can adsorb SMT and promote the separation of electron. This work shows that the synthesized La-doped MIL-53(Al)/ZnO photocatalyst is expected to be used as a green and effective method for treatment of environment water pollution.  相似文献   
9.
L-kynurenine (L-kyn) is a marker of prostate cancer. At present, the expensive instruments are usually applied to detect L-kyn clinically, which limits its wide application for cancer diagnosis. Herein, three lanthanide metal–organic frameworks ([Ln(CHO2)3]n, Ln = Eu, Gd, and Tb) were designed and obtained, and detailly characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and luminescence spectroscopy. Further study reveals that [Tb(CHO2)3]n is a highly selective, ultra-sensitive, of strong anti-interference, highly stable, and non-expensive sensor for prostate cancer marker L-kyn. The limit of detection (LOD) for L-kyn sensing is a highly sensitive value of 1.0 × 10?9 mol/L. Furthermore, the sensing mechanism is discussed in detail.  相似文献   
10.
New energy vehicles and offshore wind power industries have a high demand for sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets with high intrinsic coercivity and high corrosion resistance. In this study, the magnetic properties, anticorrosion properties, and microstructure of Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets with the intergranular addition of low-melting-point eutectic Tb68Ni32 alloy powders were investigated. The aim is to determine if the addition of Tb68Ni32 can improve these properties. A low melting-point eutectic alloy Tb68Ni32 powders was prepared as a grain boundary additive and blended with the master alloy powders prior to sintering. The coercivity of the resultant magnets gradually increases from 1468 to 2151 kA/m by adding increasing amounts of Tb68Ni32. At the same time, the remanence first increases and then slightly decreases. After studying the microstructure and elemental composition of the Tb68Ni32 added magnets, it is found that the significant increase in coercivity and the negligible reduction in remanence is due to densification, improved grain orientation, a uniform and continuous boundary phase distribution, as well as the generation of a (Nd,Pr,Tb)2Fe14B “core–shell” structure surrounding the main-phase grain. Moreover, the corrosion resistance of the magnet is greatly improved owing to the enhancement of electrochemical stability, as well as the optimization of the distribution and morphology of the intergranular phase.  相似文献   
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