Image sequence-based risk behavior detection of power operation inspection personnel

A novel image sequence-based risk behavior detection method to achieve high-precision risk behavior detection for power maintenance personnel is proposed in this paper. In this method, the original image sequence data is first separated from the foreground and background. Then, the free anchor frame detection method is used in the foreground image to detect the personnel and correct their direction. Finally, human posture nodes are extracted from each frame of the image sequence, which are then used to identify the abnormal behavior of the human. Simulation experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has significant advantages in terms of the accuracy of human posture node detection and risk behavior identification.     

中国石油工业上游发展面临的挑战与未来科技攻关方向

石油和天然气是全球和中国最重要的一次能源。石油工业的生存发展是由油气资源、市场、技术和社会政治经济环境等要素决定的，其中，技术进步是最活跃和最关键的因素之一。中国已成为全球油气生产消费大国，中国石油工业上游的发展也高度依赖石油科技的进步。中国石油工业已形成了先进完整的理论技术研发和装备制造体系，支撑了油气产量持续稳产和增产。未来是中国社会经济发展的关键期，石油工业必将面对重大挑战与新的技术需求，大力实施国家创新战略，发展具有国际领先水平的新一代勘探开发理论技术，支撑油气产业发展，保障国家油气能源安全。中国石油工业上游在未来面临的重大挑战与技术需求包括：①满足中国未来现代化建设的巨大油气需求和保障油气供应安全，这当中必须加大中国油气勘探开发，同时进一步扩大全球及"一带一路"油气投资与生产；②实现中国石油长期稳产2×10⁸t/a以上；③实现中国天然气产量上升至3 000×10⁸m³/a并长期稳产；④发展海洋及深水油气勘探开发先进技术与装备；⑤形成新一代石油工程服务技术装备和数字化转型。中国石油工业上游未来的科技攻关方向和研发重点包括：①先进的石油大幅度提高采收率技术；②大气田勘探与复杂气田提高采收率技术；③非常规油气勘探开发技术；④海洋及深水油气勘探开发技术及装备；⑤"一带一路"油气勘探开发技术；⑥新一代石油工程服务技术装备和数字化转型。     

四川盆地二叠系火山碎屑岩气藏勘探重大发现及其启示

近期,中国石油天然气股份有限公司风险探井——永探1井测试获得22.5×10~4 m~3/d的高产气流,首次在四川盆地发现了喷溢相火山碎屑岩气藏,实现了火山岩气藏勘探的重大突破。为了评价该盆地二叠系火山岩气藏的勘探前景,系统总结了该区火山岩气藏的勘探历程、永探1井区气藏的特征、天然气成藏的控制因素与模式。研究结果表明:①在经历了长达50余年的火山岩持续探索后,得益于勘探思路的转变和地震预测技术的进步,得出了简阳地区二叠系发育爆发相火山岩异常体、天然气成藏条件好,是该盆地又一个重要的天然气勘探新领域和新对象的认识,指导了风险探井——永探1井的部署及重大勘探发现;②永探1井二叠系发育厚逾100 m的优质火山岩孔隙性储层,其储集岩石类型以喷溢相角砾熔岩、含凝灰角砾熔岩为主,储集空间主要为溶蚀微孔、角砾间溶孔及气孔,孔隙度介于6.68%～13.22%、平均为10.26%,渗透率介于0.01～4.43 mD、平均为2.35 mD;③该气藏埋深介于4 500～6 000 m,产层中部地层压力为125.625 MPa,压力系数达2.22,为异常高压气藏,天然气组成中甲烷含量为99.03%,微含硫化氢;④简阳—三台地区发育爆发相火山岩且紧邻德阳—安岳裂陷寒武系优质烃源岩,早期张性深断裂沟通源储,上部发育上二叠统龙潭组泥岩、下三叠统厚层膏岩等多套盖层,具备形成大型构造—岩性复合圈闭气藏的有利条件,有利勘探面积达6 000 km~2。结论认为,永探1井火山岩气藏的发现,证明了该盆地二叠系火山岩具有较大的油气勘探潜力,坚定了转变勘探思路、加快进军新区新领域、寻找更多更大勘探发现的信心。     

Aviation deicing workers,global risk assessment of musculoskeletal injuries

Deicing technicians working from open baskets are exposed to ergonomic risks and fatigue. This study aims to assess the global risk of musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) for this type of activity. An ergonomic study was conducted with the workers of a Canadian airport deicing operator during the winter of 2016–2017. Video recordings made it possible to observe the activities during the most intensive work shifts, as well as characterise and quantify (frequency and duration) the movements/postures of twelve human subjects. The resulting risk assessment identified the body structures submitted to exertion, analysed the efforts involved and globally assessed the forces exerted on the spine and upper limbs. This global risk assessment leads to the conclusion that the risks to the upper limbs are preoccupying and must be examined further.     

某企业不同工种的放射工作人员发生甲状腺结节风险分析

采用职业健康体检资料和问卷形式,利用单因素和多因素logistic回归模型,分析探讨某企业内不同工种的放射工作人员暴露在低剂量电离辐射环境下发生甲状腺结节的风险。结果表明,放射工作人员中以混合射线组甲状腺结节发生风险最高,随着年龄和放射工龄的增加发生风险会增加;性别不同与甲状腺结节发生风险有关。     

工程物探在某水泥厂滑坡地质灾害调查中的应用*

利用地球物理的方法来探测地层、岩性、构造等地质问题,称为地球物理勘探。本文结合中材国际总承包工程,详细介绍了工程物探(高密度电法)在石灰石输送廊道的滑坡地质灾害调查中的应用,通过地质调查并结合物探测试成果的综合分析,为工程设计人员对滑坡治理提供准确的地层地貌、岩性、地质构造及下一步工作的建议。     

影响食品检测方法标准实施有效性的风险分析及对策

食品检测为食品安全监管提供技术支撑，是确保食品安全的关键一环，最严谨的标准需要在实验室中科学有效的应用才会更好地服务于最严格的监管。本文主要分析了影响实验室食品检测方法标准实施有效性的因素，剖析了检测过程中人、机、料、法、环、测6个方面可能存在的风险因子，通过风险识别、风险分析评价和风险应对，确保检测方法有效实施和检测数据准确可靠，为监管机构和社会大众提供客观、公正和科学的依据。     

Effects of risks on the performance of business process outsourcing projects: The moderating roles of knowledge management capabilities

Although business process outsourcing (BPO) can reduce cost and enhance the competitiveness of firms, the implementation of BPO projects is unsatisfactory. By integrating knowledge management capability theory and risk-based view, we develop a model of how different types of BPO risks affect project satisfaction and how knowledge management capability changes the influences of BPO risks. A survey of 121 BPO projects was conducted among BPO client department manager and project manager through a pairwise design. Empirical evidence reveals that social system, technical system, and project management risks negatively affect BPO project satisfaction. However, cultural, technological, and structural levels of knowledge management capabilities weaken the negative risk effects of social system, technical system, and project management, respectively. Different types of risks and knowledge management capabilities should be matched to achieve effective risk management.     

Owner’s Risk Allocation and Contractor’s Role Behavior in a Project: A Parallel-mediation Model

Risk allocation decisions are of critical importance in project management. The present study proposes an explanation for how risk allocation in a contract motivates a contractor to cooperate with a project owner. Theories of risk allocation and trust were used to motivate the research. Using a survey methodology, we collected data concerning 124 construction projects in China. We found that risk allocation influenced the contractor’s role behavior through the contractor’s feeling of being trusted but not the contractor’s trust in the owner. Feeling of being trusted partially mediated the effect of risk allocation on the contractor’s in-role (i.e., contractual) behavior and fully mediated the effect on extra-role behavior. The study introduces a social and psychological view of the impacts of risk allocation to the project and engineering management literature. We contribute to theory by arguing and demonstrating the mediating effect of trust on the relationship between risk allocation and contractor behavior. From a practical standpoint, we conclude that contractual risk allocation has a significant impact on building a trusting relationship between owners and contractors and that contractors who feel trusted perform both contractually mandated actions and actions external to the contract more diligently, resulting in the likelihood of improved outcomes for both parties.     

The paradox of technology innovativeness and risk perceptions – A profile of Asian smartphone users

Risk perceptions and technology innovativeness are the two primary factors related to the adoption of mobile technologies. The current study examines the role of technology innovativeness and risk perceptions on smartphone use and dependence in an Asian context. A total of 9086 participants were recruited through online surveys from ten Asian countries. Ordinary least squares regression analyses revealed the effects of technology innovativeness, information security, privacy concern, and their interactions on smartphone use and dependence. Moreover, based on users’ smartphone usage patterns and perceptions, this paper identified four homogeneous groups using cluster analysis. Results shows that Asian smartphone users can be segmented into four groups: innovators, conservatives, moderators, and laggards. The four clusters show significant differences in demographic features. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed based on these findings.