首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   21406篇
  免费   1452篇
  国内免费   709篇
电工技术   457篇
综合类   1323篇
化学工业   7117篇
金属工艺   734篇
机械仪表   738篇
建筑科学   1553篇
矿业工程   921篇
能源动力   3331篇
轻工业   1760篇
水利工程   195篇
石油天然气   771篇
武器工业   79篇
无线电   206篇
一般工业技术   1379篇
冶金工业   1784篇
原子能技术   761篇
自动化技术   458篇
  2024年   17篇
  2023年   374篇
  2022年   704篇
  2021年   836篇
  2020年   756篇
  2019年   594篇
  2018年   585篇
  2017年   611篇
  2016年   587篇
  2015年   528篇
  2014年   1194篇
  2013年   1452篇
  2012年   1465篇
  2011年   1697篇
  2010年   1224篇
  2009年   1259篇
  2008年   1029篇
  2007年   1337篇
  2006年   1086篇
  2005年   872篇
  2004年   832篇
  2003年   807篇
  2002年   667篇
  2001年   551篇
  2000年   493篇
  1999年   408篇
  1998年   267篇
  1997年   241篇
  1996年   191篇
  1995年   192篇
  1994年   146篇
  1993年   116篇
  1992年   120篇
  1991年   77篇
  1990年   48篇
  1989年   55篇
  1988年   39篇
  1987年   24篇
  1986年   21篇
  1985年   19篇
  1984年   10篇
  1983年   13篇
  1982年   3篇
  1981年   6篇
  1980年   2篇
  1979年   5篇
  1977年   1篇
  1975年   1篇
  1974年   3篇
  1971年   1篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 17 毫秒
1.
The ohmic resistance in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) mainly comes from the electrolyte, which can be reduced by developing novel electrolyte materials with higher ionic conductivity and/or fabricating thin-film electrolytes. Among various kinds of thin-film fabrication technology, the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method can reduce the electrolyte thickness to a few micrometers and mitigate the issues associated with high-temperature sintering, which is necessary for wet ceramic methods. This review summarizes recent development progress in thin-film electrolytes fabricated by the PVD method, especially pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and magnetron sputtering. At first, the importance of the substrate surface morphology for the quality of the film is emphasized. After that, the fabrication of thin-film doped-zirconia and doped-ceria electrolytes is presented, then we provide a brief summary of the works on other types of electrolytes prepared by PVD. Finally, we have come to the summary and made perspectives.  相似文献   
2.
针对废旧纺织品循环利用中聚酯纤维、棉纤维混纺纱线结构紧密缠绕,难以分离而无法加工的问题,采用环境友好的草酸体系选择性水解混纺织物中的棉纤维,从而释放聚酯纤维实现有效分离,并对草酸体系分离工艺进一步优化。研究表明:与无机酸相比,在相同反应条件下,草酸可达到与盐酸相当的分离效果且所得聚酯纤维形态更完整,棉纤维水解程度更低,水解产物分布更窄;在草酸浓度为0.07 mol/L、反应温度为130℃、反应时间为3 h的条件下,聚酯/棉混纺织物的分离效果最优;其中棉纤维水解为纤维素材料,得率为91.46%,另有小部分水解为葡萄糖或低聚糖;聚酯纤维回收率高达99.28%,且保留了原有聚酯纤维的性能,可直接生产加工;该反应体系可循环利用多次,实现了废旧聚酯/棉混纺织物的高效综合利用。  相似文献   
3.
为了可以对电镀废水中的金属盐类和水实现高效的资源化回收,且相较于常规蒸发法处理废水更加节能,提出了闭式热泵膜蒸馏电镀废水系统。该系统将膜蒸馏技术与闭式热泵进行耦合,基于质量和能量守恒原理编写膜蒸馏自定义模型,在与实验数据进行对比验证后,通过Aspen Plus仿真平台建立流程来模拟工作情况。通过改变关键操作参数,得到以下结果:进料速度会引起系统功耗的大幅度增加而对于膜蒸馏的潜热的影响较小,因此进料速度对于系统造水比(GOR)影响最大。蒸发温度对于系统的能效比(COP)有着较大的影响,且COP随着蒸发温度的提升而上升,在不同蒸发温度下,系统GOR的下降趋势随进料温度升高先缓再陡。进料浓度对于系统产量比(YRO)有着重要作用,YRO随进料浓度上升而上升;当处在较低的蒸发温度下,不同浓度下的GOR在低进料温度时值较为接近。  相似文献   
4.
RE disilicates are good candidates as environmental/thermal barrier coating for SiCf/SiC composite in harsh gas turbine engines. We designed (Yb1?xHox)2Si2O7 solid solutions and studied mechanical properties, thermal properties, and water vapor resistance. Powders with different compositions were synthesized by pressureless sintering, and bulk samples were prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Polymorphic changes with temperature and composition of the solid solutions were examined. Through doping Ho into Yb2Si2O7, water vapor corrosion resistance is significantly promoted, and thermal expansion coefficient is maintained close to that of Si-based ceramics. Compared with host disilicates, thermal conductivity of solid solutions are decreased, and mechanical properties, including Vickers hardness and fracture toughness, are increased. A two-phase domain is found at (Yb1/2Ho1/2)2Si2O7, and the γ to δ phase transition of Ho2Si2O7 is observed during SPS. Among all samples, γ-(Yb1/3Ho2/3)2Si2O7 possesses superior high temperature stability, and excellent water vapor resistance, indicating its performance as environmental/thermal barrier coating.  相似文献   
5.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(5):6266-6276
Porous diatomite ceramics with hierarchical pores and high apparent porosity (50.29–56%) were successfully fabricated via direct stereolithography. The pre-ball-milling time, dispersant type and dispersant concentration were systematically investigated to prepare diatomite pastes with high solid loading, low viscosity and a self-supporting effect. The results showed that a pre-ball-milling time of 24 h was more suitable to prepare diatomite pastes with high solid loading, and Span80 at 2 wt% was the optimal dispersant to obtain 40 vol% diatomite paste with a low viscosity and a self-supporting effect. To restrain the formation of defects, a heating rate as low as 0.2 °C/min was allowed to control the pyrolysis rate in the multistage debinding process. At sintering temperatures ranging from 900 °C to 1000 °C, porous diatomite ceramics exhibited a typical bimodal porosity, high apparent porosity and great flexural strength.  相似文献   
6.
为保障催化裂化装置长周期运行,分析选择性催化还原(SCR)模块所在余热锅炉压降持续增加的原因,并针对性的提出解决方案。结果表明:黏性较强、易沉积的硫酸氢氨(NH4HSO4)的生成是余热锅炉压降增大的主要原因;使用脱硫脱硝助剂降低SCR脱硝模块入口烟气中氮氧化物(NOx)和硫氧化物(SOx)浓度,可大幅减少SCR模块喷氨量,有效抑制NH4HSO4的生成。工业应用结果表明:使用SDJF-A1型脱硫脱硝助剂后,反应-再生系统中NOx转化率高达69.08%~81.27%,烟气中NOx、SO2的浓度均大幅降低,余热锅炉的吹灰系统优化运行和提升省煤器温度分解NH4HSO4等方法在控制余热锅炉压降升高方面均有一定成效。进一步可采取优化SCR喷氨系统、提高SCR模块反应温度和改进吹灰系统的措施来保障装置的长周期运行。  相似文献   
7.
采用酸浸法从新疆紫金低品位氧化锌矿及含锌废石制备碱式碳酸锌。在磨矿细度为-74μm占30%,液固比2,硫酸用量52kg/t矿,浸出时间2h,终点pH 1.5~2.0,锌浸出率为63%,氧化锌浸出率97%左右;浸出液采用碳酸钙预中和—碳酸钠沉锌工艺回收锌,在预中和终点pH 4.5~5.0、碳酸钠沉锌终点pH 8.0左右,最终获得锌沉淀率为99%,锌品位约50%的碱式碳酸锌产品,该产品可作为生产电锌的原料。  相似文献   
8.
Zirconolite-rich full ceramic wasteforms designed to immobilize Pu-bearing wastes were produced via hot isostatic pressing (HIP) using stainless steel (SS) and nickel (Ni) HIP canisters. A detailed profiling of the elemental compositions of the major and minor phases over the canister–wasteform interaction zone was performed using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) characterization. Bulk sample analyses from regions near the center of the HIP canister were also conducted for both samples using X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS. The sample with the Ni HIP canister showed almost no interaction zone with only minor diffusion of Ni from the inner wall of the canister into the near-surface region of the wasteform. The sample with the SS HIP canister showed ∼100–120 μm of interaction zone dominated by high-temperature Cr diffusion from canister materials to the wasteform with the Cr predominantly incorporated into the durable zirconolite phase. We also examined, for the first time, changes to the HIP canister wall thickness caused by HIPing and demonstrated that no canister wall thinning occurred. Instead, in the areas examined, the canister wall thickness was observed to increase (up to ∼20%) due to the compression occurring during the HIP cycle. Further, only sparse formation of (Cr, Mn)-rich oxide particles were noted within the HIP canister inner wall area immediately adjacent to the ceramic material, with no evidence for reverse diffusion of ceramic materials. Though the HIP canister–wasteform interaction extends to ∼120 μm when using an SS HIP canister for the system investigated, this translates to <<1 vol.% for an industrial scale HIPed wasteform. Importantly, the HIP canister–wasteform interactions did not produce any obviously less durable phases in the wasteform or had any detrimental impact on the HIP canister properties.  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(18):26351-26360
Foams glass were obtained from solid waste of flat glass and exhausted alkaline batteries. The physical, chemical, crystalline and morphological properties of the samples were obtained using the Archimedes principle, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed glass foams with apparent porosities in the range of 55–64% and apparent densities in the range of 0.40–0.79 g cm?3. The manganese oxide and graphite contained within the cathode of alkaline batteries acted as both oxidizing agents and as foaming agents. The zinc contained in the anode acted as a pore stabilizing agent and the zinc oxide as a semiconductor material. The foam glass that was composed of flat glass with an anode of Zn and ZnO, and a cathode of Mn2O3 and Mn3O4 (named An8), showed the greatest potential for heterogeneous photocatalysis, with a maximum efficiency of 95.9% after 3 h of treatment of solution containing dye. These results suggest the feasibility of producing foam glass from waste, as well as its potential application in photocatalytic systems, such as in the low-cost treatment of water.  相似文献   
10.
BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.2O3-δ (BCZY) is one of the promising electrolytic candidate for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) due to its good proton conductivity and better stability. Herein, the effect of dual sintering aids such as CuO-Bi2O3 upon the sinterability at low temperature, improved electrochemical properties, and thermo-chemical changes about proton-conducting BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.2O3-δ electrolyte were investigated in detail. FESEM micrographs and shrinkage curves revealed significant improvement in sinterability and densifications of BCZY electrolyte. The dense pellets were sintered with CuO-Bi2O3 (2–3 mol %) as sintering aids at a temperature of 1150 °C for 5 h. The perfectly uniform distribution of sintering aids increased the linear shrinkage of BCZY from 5% till 19–21%. The crystallite size and grain growth within the structure was enhanced due to the formation of the melting phase of Bi2O3 and Cu2+ incorporation in the perovskite structure. The elevated and improved electrochemical measurement for BCZY with 2 mol% of CuO-Bi2O3 as sintering aid categorized it well suited for solid oxide fuel cells.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号