微生物选矿剂研究进展

随着人们环保意识的提高,对于选矿绿色环保发展的呼声日益强烈,传统选矿药剂无论是从来源的有限性、对环境的污染性还是从浮选效率方面,都难以满足要求。而微生物选矿剂因来源广泛、无毒、选择性好等优点,近年来得到越来越多的重视,并期望将其工业化以替代或部分替代化学药剂。本文结合国内外相关研究结果,概述了微生物在矿物絮凝剂、矿物浮选剂及微生物的代谢产物作为选矿剂等方面的应用研究进展,并对微生物选矿剂的作用机理及其发展趋势进行了总结与展望。     

APPLICATION OF MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY TO MINERAL PROCESSING

The application of microbial technology to mineral processing has been reviewed with respect to the bioleaching of metals from minerals, the influence of biotreatment on flotation, the biobeneficiation of nonmetallic minerals, and the biotreatment for mine waste reclamation.The application of microbial technology to mineral processing has shown the advantages of high efficiency, low energy and reagent consumption, low capital and operating costs, and low pollution of the environment.     

高砷原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出试验研究

采用中温嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌、喜温嗜酸硫杆菌和高温Ferroplasma属古菌对高砷原生硫化铜矿进行了细菌浸出试验研究。研究结果表明, 喜温嗜酸硫杆菌对高砷原生硫化铜矿的浸出效果比中温嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌好。中温菌对砷的耐受性比高温菌高。在高温菌浸出过程中, 铜优先于砷溶解, 砷主要留在浸渣中; 细菌接种量对高砷原生硫化铜矿的浸出有一定的影响, 接种量为10%时浸出效果最好。提高温度有利于初始阶段铜的浸出, 随着浸出的进行, 温度的影响逐渐降低, 细菌作用占主导作用。驯化高砷耐受能力的高温菌将成为进一步的研究目标。     

An Integrated Biotechnological Approach to Gold Processing - An Indian Experience

Abstract

The role of biotechnology in different facets of gold extraction metallurgy is illustrated with respect to biogenesis of gold ore deposits, biobenefication, bioliberation and bioenvironmental control. The use and commerical potential of this technology are discussed with reference to the mining and processing of Hutti gold ores. A microbial survey of the Hutti gold mines revealed the ubiquitous presence of various autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria, fungi and yeast of relevance in gold processing. The possible roles played by different indigenous microorganisms in the formation, conversion and transport of gold along with various associated minerals have been brought out. Similarly, the role of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in the flotation beneficiation of gold-bearing sulphides and in enhancing gold recovery from refractory sulphide ores and concentrates has been demonstrated. Direct gold solubilization could be achieved by Bacillus spp. Various fungi and yeast were found to be useful in the biosorption of gold and other base metals from cyanide effluents. It could thus show that biotechnology could be beneficially utilized in different stages of precious metal processing spanning from mining to waste disposal.