Variability of sedimentary phosphorus fractions in the western and Sandusky basins of Lake Erie

Surface sediments and three sediment cores from the western basin and one sediment core from the Sandusky basin were analyzed to document spatial and temporal changes in five phosphorus fractions and total phosphorus (TP). The areal distributions of the bioavailable fractions NaCl-Pi, NaBD-Pi, and NaOH-Pi and the refractory organic fraction Res-P were broadly consistent and contrasted with those of the detrital fraction HCl-Pi which showed that high concentrations occurred mostly in high-energy littoral zones and low concentrations largely in profundal depositional areas. The contrasting distributions were induced by interactions among tributary inputs, wave action, circulation, and biogeochemical cycling and transfer in the basin. As revealed by the Sandusky basin sediment record, the detrital fraction HCl-Pi was dominant (70% of TP) during European settlement and decreased rapidly by 28.0% in the early 1910s due largely to impoundments of the Maumee and Sandusky Rivers. While HCl-Pi has ever since remained relatively constant, NaCl-Pi, NaBD-Pi, and NaOH-Pi increased significantly between 1950 and 1970 in the two basins. However, the post-regulation sediment records differed considerably among these coring sites. There was a marked increase of TP in two cores, corresponding to recent return of eutrophication and massive harmful algal blooms but contrasting with a relatively constant, low loading into the lake. This signified the role of internal loading as derived partialy from legacy pollution. Furthermore, NaCl-Pi has increased progressively throughout all the records. We conclude that the increased levels of NaCl-Pi in surface sediments may have altered the internal loading and contributed to the resurgences of harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie.     

4102柴油机缸体起皮问题研究

缸体的覆膜砂芯脱壳引起间隙，浇注时铁液钻入其内形成起皮缺陷。砂芯脱壳的原因与制芯设备、制芯材料、制芯工艺有关。解决措施是：①提高覆膜砂的高温性能；②增加砂芯的结壳厚度；③适当降低射砂压力；④调整模具温度；⑤改进制芯机的射砂、排气、加热和冷却系统。     

小芯样检测高温后混凝土抗压强度的试验研究

主要介绍了采用直径４５ｍｍ和７０ｍｍ小芯样抗压及横劈法对高温后混凝土抗压强度进行检测的试验研究,并用数理统计的方法对得到的测强方程和回归曲线进行了定量的分析。     

模糊合作博弈及其广义核心解的应用研究

为了解决模糊合作博弈传统核心解在资源分配问题中的应用局限,提出了对模糊合作博弈(N,v)中总收益值v(e~N)进行保留,不将全部总收益值分配给所有参与者,进而实现资源再分配或再发展的方案,进一步适应模糊合作博弈核心解的应用需求.首先定义了广义转归、广义核心,广义稳定集等解的概念,然后指出了其含义,在此基础上描述了模糊合作博弈模型.最后以定理证明了各广义核心解之间的关系,说明通过相应系数的调整即可提供合理的分配方案,表明了推广后的模糊合作博弈核心解具有更高的理论及应用价值.     

大型立式泵机组用同步电机两个高差的安装控制

电机定转子磁场中心高差和叶轮与外壳中心高差影响机组运行,分析了影响这两个高差的因素,应保证泵机组在运行状态下这两个高差满足要求,提出了高差安装确定控制方法。     

不同程度水洗油层聚合物驱适应性室内实验研究

基于大庆油田杏12-3-检3222井葡Ⅰ3层取心解释资料,选取水驱油效率分别为70~80%、40~50%及10~20%的强、中、弱三种不同水洗程度天然岩心,测定黏度相同(40~45 mPa.s)、浓度不同(1.5、1.3、1.1 g/L)、名义相对分子质量M不同(1.7×107,2.5×107,3.5×107)的大庆HPAM聚合物溶液产生的残余阻力系数,均小于20,即均未引起岩心堵塞,考虑流量~压差曲线,排除了M最小的聚合物。在接长至30 cm的洗油天然岩心上进行驱油实验,分别注入M、浓度(g/L)、45℃工作黏度(mPa.s)分别为2.5×107、2.0、194和3.5×107、15、173的聚合物溶液0.54 PV,采收率分别比水驱增加4.513%和4.003%。强、中、弱水洗程度的3支30 cm岩心并联驱油,分别注入聚合物溶液(M=2.5×107,浓度1.3 g/L),聚合物凝胶调剖剂(至1/3、1/2岩心长度) 聚合物,注入化学剂总量0.64 PV,采收率分别提高17.06%、21.12%、22.03%,调剖 聚驱使中水洗特别是弱水洗岩心的采出程度明显增大。给出了半径1/3调剖 聚驱的采收率、含水、岩心分流率曲线。M=2.5×107的聚合物较能适应大庆不同水洗油层,聚合物驱前深部调剖可提高中等和弱水洗油层的动用程度。图3表5参4。     

Impact of carbon fibre/epoxy corrugated cores

The dynamic compressive response of corrugated carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy sandwich cores has been investigated using a Kolsky-bar set-up. Compression at quasi-static rates up to v₀ = 200 ms⁻¹ have been tested on three different slenderness ratios of strut. High speed photography was used to capture the failure mechanisms and relate these to the measured axial compressive stress. Experiments show significant strength enhancement as the loading rate increases. Although material rate sensitivity accounts for some of this, it has been shown that the majority of the strength enhancement is due to inertial stabilisation of the core members. Inertial strength enhancement rises non-linearly with impact velocity. The largest gains are associated with a shift to buckle modes composed of 2–3 half sine waves. The loading rates tested within this study are similar to those that are expected when a sandwich core is compressed due to a blast event.     

Shear and bending performance of carbon fiber composite sandwich panels with pyramidal truss cores

Structural performance in direct (pure) shear and three-point bending was investigated for sandwich panels with a carbon fiber pyramidal truss core. Analytical estimates for sandwich panel strength for each loading condition were presented for possible competing failure modes. In the experimental part of the study, pyramidal truss cores were made using the hot press molding technique and then attached to flat carbon fiber composite face sheets to build all-composite sandwich panels. Panels with different configurations (e.g., core relative density and face sheet thickness) were tested to probe different failure modes and investigate the mechanical properties. In general, measured failure loads showed good agreement with the analytical predictions. Failure mechanism maps illustrate the controlling failure mechanisms in various regions of parameter space.     

内置复材管局部弱约束混凝土方柱受压性能研究

基于约束混凝土提出一种由钢筋、混凝土及缠绕管组成的内置复合材料管局部约束混凝土组合柱(ConcreteEncased FRP Confined Concrete Sub-Columns/Cores Column,简称"CEFC"),本构件截面形式为外围的钢筋混凝土类方柱和内置于4角点的FRP管约束混凝土圆柱(Concrete-Filled FRP Tube,简称"CFFT")组合而成。通过试验研究及有限元数值模拟对钢筋混凝土柱及内置复合管局部弱约束混凝土方柱进行了轴偏压作用下力学行为的分析和比较。结果表明,弱约束CEFC典型破坏模式为局部破坏,内置CFFT可较好延缓构件整体破坏。CEFC在轴压和偏压作用下延性都有所提高,且在偏压作用下CEFC具有明显的二阶刚度,且承载力具有小幅度提高。     

松辽盆地可地浸砂岩型铀矿钻探施工技术

总结介绍了松辽盆地可地浸砂岩铀矿钻探的施工工艺，冲洗液配制及管理，可地浸砂岩铀矿钻探的目的层——松散砂体的取心技术和退心技术，钻探管材的使用及孔内事故的预防与处理。