前刀面槽型结构对D型刀片车削球墨铸铁性能的影响

通过切削力、磨损和冲击切削试验,研究了前刀面槽型结构对D型刀片车削球墨铸铁切削性能的影响。试验结果显示,刀具的第一前角对切削力的影响最大;在10°~15°范围内,刀具前角越大,切削力越低;棱带宽度大的刀片具有更加优异的耐磨损性能;具有正刃倾角的刀片显示出更优异的耐冲击性能。     

Effects of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) on the brittle to ductile transition of high-density polyethylene/POE blends

Three kinds of ethylene-octene copolymers (POE) were melt-blended with high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) in different proportions. Detailed characterizations were conducted to analyze their structural differences of POE and its effects in toughening PE-HD. The higher molecular weight POE can improve the toughness of PE-HD. 60:40 PE-HD/POE is elongated to break up to 700% while impact strength is 84.7 kJ/m² at −30°C, which is 21-fold of PE-HD. In the brittle to ductile transition (BDT) during impact, the fracture mechanism changes from the crazing mode to the shear yield-plastic deformation mode. The BDT temperature decreases as the POE molecular weight and its content increase. The interface strength in tension is estimated to access their effects. The Boltzmann-type models were successfully extended to describe the typical S-shaped curves in BDT of notched impact strength vs POE content or temperature. The supplementary decay model is suggested for the attenuation in toughening. Transition map in impact is proposed to select the use range of composition (c ) and temperature (T ) for high toughness. The curves are converted into 3D graph of T -c -impact strength for illustrating their coupling-separate effects, and further into the contour map of impact strength in T -c space for finding their partial equivalence.     

多元合金化大断面球墨铸铁组织和性能的分析

为了提升大断面球墨铸铁综合力学性能，通过复合添加微量合金元素铜、锑、锡、钼对大断面球墨铸铁进行微合金化处理，借助金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及力学性能测试等手段，研究了Cu Sb Sn Mo复合微合金化大断面球墨铸铁微观组织和力学性能。结果表明，试验球墨铸铁具有良好的综合力学性能。大断面球墨铸铁中添加铜、锑、锡、钼后优化了材料的组织结构，基体组织为珠光体＋少量牛眼状铁素体；试样石墨组织细小、圆整，分布均匀。同时，合金元素的复合加入使得其抗拉强度达到800 MPa以上，硬度约为280HB，伸长率达到5%以上。拉伸断口分析表明，微合金化大断面球墨铸铁断裂模式以解理断裂为主，伴有少量的塑性变形。     

Properties and microstructure of copper-alloyed solid solution-strengthened ductile iron

Solid solution-strengthened ductile iron (DI) exhibits outstanding mechanical properties due to the high silicon content. The strengthening by silicon addition is limited since additions above 4.3?wt-% lead to embrittlement. For a further improvement of mechanical properties, other alloying elements need to be considered. In the present work, the effect of various copper additions on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of solid solution-strengthened DI were investigated. The results show that no appreciable strengthening can be achieved by copper addition without the formation of pearlite in the matrix. The pearlite content increases considerably for Cu-additions above 0.23?wt-% and is independent of the cooling rate for the cooling conditions analysed.     

ZK61M高强镁合金板热变形过程中的韧性断裂预测（英文）

为了预测ZK61M高强镁合金板热变形过程的韧性断裂行为,在一定条件下进行实验和数值模拟。基于获得的各试件断口处的应力状态参数和断裂应变数据,采用粒子群优化算法求解4种断裂模型中的待定系数。依据误差评估结果,确定改进的Wilkins模型精度最高。将改进的Wilkins模型引入有限元中,并与实验进行对比。结果表明,预测的拉伸件断裂位移和断裂载荷的平均误差均小于15%,预测的圆筒形件成形深度的平均误差为13.88%,建立的有限元模型可以较为准确地模拟实验过程并预测断裂位置。     

45钢与QT450-10的表面耐腐蚀处理工艺及性能研究

针对注塑机零件中常用的材料45钢和QT450-10,采用未经热处理的模拟试样,分别进行两组不同工艺参数的软氮化及磷化（发黑）和浸涂防锈油等处理方式。最后使用中性盐雾腐蚀试验评估各试样获得的耐腐蚀性能。研究表面：采用相同的表面处理工艺,45钢的耐腐蚀性能优于QT450-10;QT450-10未经磷化（发黑）处理,无论是否浸涂防锈油,表面耐腐蚀性均很差。     

高镍球铁同质电焊条焊缝组织形成规律

针对铸铁在焊接过程中焊缝易产生白口、裂纹和淬硬组织等技术难题.采用自制高镍球铁同质电焊条,探索了高镍球铁同质焊缝组织形成规律及其与接头力学性能的相关性.结果表明,焊缝组织由分枝细小的柱状奥氏体枝晶+球状石墨+少量晶间碳化物组成.焊接电流的增大使焊缝中柱状晶变得粗壮,石墨球化率升高,晶间碳化物数量增多.当焊接电流一定时,随着预热温度的增大,石墨形态变差,碳化物数量增多,接头抗拉强度减小而硬度增大.采用大电流不预热焊接工艺可以获得综合性能优良的铸铁同质焊缝.     

隧道施工中涌水事故的处理

阐述了柚树下隧道的一次涌水事故的原因和采取的处理措施 ,说明了在地下隧道施工中认真分析水文地质和加强监测工作的重要性 ,指出该工程采用小导管超前注浆通过易涌水段是实用可行的办法。     

隧道塌方区加固后的施工监测与仿真分析

常德-张家界高速公路关口垭隧道右洞YK73＋925～YK73＋955段在施工过程中出现塌方，分析塌方原因后，结合工程具体情况，采用超前小导管预注浆辅以工字钢拱架处理塌方区，在处理段增设2个监测断面，并利用有限元法进行数值模拟分析，现场监控量测和有限元计算得到隧道收敛位移和拱顶下沉规律基本一致，且小于规范允许值，表明超前小导管预注浆方法处理塌方区效果良好。