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1.
临界通量是膜过程中一种重要的污染特性指标。采用阶梯汲取液浓度递增法测定不同污染物、架桥离子浓度及膜面流速对正渗透(FO)膜过程临界通量的影响。结果表明,海藻酸钠(SA)、腐殖酸(HA)及二氧化硅(SiO2)污染时FO膜临界通量值分别为29.32, 46.35和32.17 L/(m2?h);随Ca2+浓度由0 mmol/L增大至10 mmol/L,SA污染下FO膜的临界通量由29.22 L/(m2?h)显著降低至9.48 L/(m2?h),原因为Ca2+与SA分子中的羧基的螯合作用及Ca2+在膜?污染物之间的架桥作用;此外,当膜面流速从5 cm/s增至15 cm/s时,SA-Ca2+污染下的FO膜临界通量由9.48 L/(m2?h)提高至31.59 L/(m2?h),表明改善膜表面湍动有利于提高临界通量,扩大操作通量范围。  相似文献   
2.
建立了层叠流道的三维模型和有限元网格模型,根据流变测试数据,采用Polymat对物料的黏度模型参数进行拟合,并利用Polyflow软件对聚丙烯腈(PAN)凝胶在层叠流道内的三维等温流动过程进行了数值模拟分析。研究发现,当入口流量增大时,层叠流道出口速度的不均匀性增加;沿流动方向流道内压力逐渐降低,并在出口处降低至同一最低值;流道进出口压力差与入口流量大小具有正相关性;在流道的中心截面上剪切速率分布均匀,波动较小。  相似文献   
3.
The compulsion to use bioplastics has increased significantly today. One of the important aspects of plastics is their recyclability. Therefore, the important question of this research is that although bio-based compounds containing starch are sensitive to thermal-mechanical recycling processes, are such products thermally recyclable? To answer the question, polypropylene (PP)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) compound granules were extruded up to five times, and in the other part, single-extruded granules were blended at different ratios with virgin granules by extrusion. In order to characterize these samples, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, rotational disc rheometry, tensile properties, and appearance evaluation were used. The results showed that it is possible to recycle PP/TPS granules up to four times repetition of the extrusion operation and the fifth repetition also showed slight changes. There was also a blend of single-extruded granules with virgin material up to a 50:50% composition without significant variation.  相似文献   
4.
There has been the expectation that polymers filled with small concentrations of nanosized particles will exhibit superior thermomechanical properties. We demonstrate that dispersing parts-per-million (ppm) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanochemicals by melt extrusion with polyolefins increased the tensile Young's modulus, yield stress, and toughness of blow molded and extruded films without penalizing extensibility, which is common to polymers reinforced with nano/microparticles. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the key to mechanical reinforcement is the spatial distribution of POSS at ca. single nanocage thus enabling interspersion of the macromolecular network. The thermal stability, water contact angle, and oxygen transmission of the films were also enhanced enabling a single component food package capable to keep food without decay for two weeks. The physical properties are improved when the nanoparticle size <D> is about the size of the virtual tube diameter dt, that is, <D>/dt ≈ 1. The enhancement of physical properties by placing the nanoparticle in the free space of the molecular network is a new paradigm in engineering polymer nanocomposites and opens opportunities for recyclable single component packaging films and tunable lightweight engineering and biomimetic materials.  相似文献   
5.
The influence of two peroxides (peroxydicarbonate/dilauroyl peroxide) with various concentrations (10–200 mmol/kg PP) and their effective opportunity to introduce long chain branched (LCB) were investigated. The dependence of a single and double extrusion step and the changes of the properties were studied. Experiments were carried out in a single screw extruder at 180°C for the first extrusion step (modification) and at 240°C for the second extrusion step (processing simulation). Melt flow rate and dynamic rheological properties were studied at a measuring temperature of 230°C. For the definitive determination of long chain branched polypropylene (LCB-PP) served the extensional rheology measurements. The mechanical properties were examined via tensile test and impact tensile test. Summarized, LCB (melt strength) could be observed via extensional rheology for all modified specimens and the mechanical properties were maintained or even improved for the modified samples. Particularly, samples containing dilauroyl peroxide display excellent mechanical properties in this study.  相似文献   
6.
The isothermal extrusion process of hollow aluminium profile was investigated using incremental proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control algorithm and finite element simulations. The range of extrusion speed was determined by considering the maximum extrusion load and production efficiency. By taking the optimal solution temperature of the secondary phase as the target temperature, the extrusion speed–stroke curve for realizing the isothermal extrusion of the aluminium profile was obtained. Results show that in the traditional constant extrusion speed process, the average temperature of the cross-section of the aluminium profile at the die exit rapidly increases and then slowly rises with the increase in ram displacement. As the extrusion speed increases, the temperature difference at the die exit of the profile along the extrusion direction increases. The exit temperature difference between the front and back ends of the extrudate along the extrusion direction obtained by adopting isothermal extrusion is about 6.9 °C. Furthermore, the heat generated by plastic deformation and friction during extrusion is balanced with the heat transfer from the workpiece to the container, porthole die and external environment.  相似文献   
7.
张立红  肖晓萍  李飞  崔开放 《锻压技术》2021,46(2):136-141,153
采用有限元模拟和实验研究了挤压钛合金弯曲管件。通过实验验证了工件的形状和尺寸精度,并通过有限元模拟分析了工艺参数对挤出过程中变形体的平均压应力分布情况和挤出弯管件的曲率半径的影响规律。结果表明:有限元模拟中,弯管件的曲率半径误差为6.03%,弯管直径误差为3.82%;在靠近定径带处,平均压应力呈非均匀分布;在焊合腔内,靠近细分流孔区域的平均压应力小于靠近粗分流孔区域的平均压应力,平均压应力的大小顺序在通过粗、细分流孔前后相反;在模具结构固定不变时,弯管件的曲率半径随挤压速度的减小而增大,不随挤压温度的变化而变化。  相似文献   
8.
林晶  赵颖春 《轴承》2021,(1):17-21
对航空关节轴承挤压翻边安装固定进行了仿真和试验研究,通过ANSYS对轴承挤压翻边和轴向推出力进行了仿真,分析了轴承挤压翻边后相关参数的变化及其影响,对仿真分析结果进行了验证,试验结果与仿真分析的结果基本一致。结果表明,轴承与轴承座间隙配合时,轴承挤压翻边安装会降低轴承的空载启动力矩,现有安装工艺能够满足航空轴承安装固定的质量要求。  相似文献   
9.
针对当前聚合物实际强度远低于理论强度的问题,介绍了固态挤出、固态拉伸等自增强技术的制备流程及其工艺特点。此外,通过分析固态形变过程中试样内部的微观形貌与分子构型,进一步研究聚合物基复合材料固态加工过程中的自增强机理。最后,通过归纳总结影响试样增强效果的因素,进一步探索聚合物基复合材料的性能上限,拓宽其在不同领域的高性能化应用。  相似文献   
10.
将木薯全粉、红薯全粉、玉米粉、小米粉、燕麦粉、山楂粉按一定比例混合为原料,分别采用微波和双螺杆挤压对其进行熟化,研究不同熟化方法对混合粉糊化度、峰值黏度及含水量的影响,并检测混合粉的结晶度。结果表明,在微波熟化最适宜工艺条件下(功率640 W,时间2 min,初始含水量20%),混合粉糊化度38.92%,峰值黏度200 BU,含水量10.86%。双螺杆挤压熟化的混合粉糊化度96%,较微波熟化提升146.66%;峰值黏度165.5 BU,较微波熟化下降17.25%;含水量10.85%,与微波熟化相当。微观结构与质构特性分析表明,双螺杆挤压熟化后,面团淀粉颗粒间黏结力更强,胶黏性增大。双螺杆挤压熟化更适宜用来对压缩饼干混合粉进行熟化处理。  相似文献   
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