首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   15463篇
  免费   1291篇
  国内免费   1470篇
电工技术   322篇
综合类   1316篇
化学工业   3981篇
金属工艺   1562篇
机械仪表   625篇
建筑科学   429篇
矿业工程   283篇
能源动力   139篇
轻工业   526篇
水利工程   33篇
石油天然气   300篇
武器工业   227篇
无线电   3895篇
一般工业技术   3096篇
冶金工业   632篇
原子能技术   196篇
自动化技术   662篇
  2024年   57篇
  2023年   220篇
  2022年   325篇
  2021年   397篇
  2020年   407篇
  2019年   425篇
  2018年   389篇
  2017年   518篇
  2016年   501篇
  2015年   528篇
  2014年   789篇
  2013年   911篇
  2012年   1034篇
  2011年   1125篇
  2010年   779篇
  2009年   959篇
  2008年   833篇
  2007年   1031篇
  2006年   1061篇
  2005年   921篇
  2004年   759篇
  2003年   592篇
  2002年   553篇
  2001年   447篇
  2000年   391篇
  1999年   342篇
  1998年   284篇
  1997年   239篇
  1996年   230篇
  1995年   204篇
  1994年   192篇
  1993年   158篇
  1992年   133篇
  1991年   124篇
  1990年   96篇
  1989年   60篇
  1988年   44篇
  1987年   20篇
  1986年   18篇
  1985年   28篇
  1984年   22篇
  1983年   15篇
  1982年   22篇
  1981年   4篇
  1980年   5篇
  1979年   6篇
  1977年   5篇
  1976年   4篇
  1975年   4篇
  1974年   6篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Tunable and ultrabroadband mid-infrared (MIR) emissions in the range of 2.5–4.5 μm are firstly reported from Co2+-doped nano-chalcogenide (ChG) glass composites. The composites embedded with a variety of binary (ZnS, CdS, ZnSe) and ternary (ZnCdS, ZnSSe) ChG nanocrystals (NCs) can be readily obtained by a simple one-step thermal annealing method. They are highly transparent in the near- and mid-infrared wavelength region. Low-cost and commercially available Er3+-doped fiber lasers can be used as the excitation source. By crystal-field engineering of the embedded NCs through cation- or anion-substitution, the emission properties of Co2+ including its emission peak wavelength and bandwidth can be tailored in a broad spectral range. The phenomena can be accounted for by crystal-field theory. Such nano-ChG composites, perfectly filling the 3–4 μm spectral gap between the oscillations of Cr2+ and Fe2+ doped IIVI ChG crystals, may find important MIR photonic applications (e.g., gas sensing), or can be used directly as an efficient pump source for Fe2+: IIVI crystals which are suffering from lack of pump sources.  相似文献   
2.
P(DBF-VA)型柴油低温流动性改进剂的研制   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
针对新疆地产柴油蜡含量较高的特点,以游离基聚合法合成了富马酸双链混合酯和醋酸乙烯酯共聚物型[P(DBF-VA)]柴油低温流动改进剂,利用正交实验研究了单体配比,引发剂用量,溶剂用量,聚合温度对聚合物降冷滤效果的影响。共聚物用IR进行表征,利用XRD初步探讨了该降凝剂的降凝机理。结果表明:该剂能使吐哈—10~#、0~#柴油冷滤点降低10℃和7℃;使独山子0~#柴油冷滤点下降12℃;使石化0~#柴油冷滤点下降8℃;使克拉玛依0~#柴油的冷滤点下降8℃。  相似文献   
3.
The energy dependence of the energy and position resolutions of the electromagnetic calorimeter prototype made of lead tungstate crystals produced in Bogoroditsk (Russia) and Shanghai (China) is presented. These measurements were carried out at the Protvino accelerator using a 1–45 GeV electron beam. The crystals were coupled to photomultiplier tubes. The dependence of energy and position resolutions on different factors as well as the measured electromagnetic shower lateral profile are presented.  相似文献   
4.
Structural evolution in the isothermal crystallization process of polyoxymethylene from the molten state has been investigated by carrying out the time-resolved measurements of infrared spectra and synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide angle X-ray scattering. In case of isothermal crystallization at 130 °C, for example, the infrared bands intrinsic of folded chain crystal (FCC) morphology appeared at first, and then the bands of extended chain crystal (ECC) morphology were detected with time delay of ca. 150 s. In the SAXS experiment at 130 °C, the lamellar stacking structure of the long period of ca. 15 nm was observed at first, which changed rapidly to ca. 12 nm in a short time. The SAXS peak with the long period of ca. 6 nm started to appear with a time delay of ca. 150 s after the initial lamellae appeared and coexisted with the initially-observed 12 nm peak. Judging from the timing to detect these characteristic infrared and SAXS signals, a good correspondence was found to exist between the stacked lamellar structure of 12 nm long period and FCC morphology and between the structure of 6 nm long period and ECC morphology. The quantitative analysis was made for the SAXS data on the basis of the lamellar insertion model combined with the paracrystalline theory of the second-kind of disorder. The following structural evolution was deduced from all these results. Immediately after the temperature jump from the melt to 130 °C, the stacked lamellar structure of FCC morphology was generated at first. New lamellae were formed from the amorphous region in between the originally-existing lamellae about 150 s later, where the random chain segments bridging the adjacent lamellae were extended to form the taut tie chains, giving infrared bands of ECC morphology. This inserted lamellar structure of 6 nm long period coexisted at a population of ca. 6% with the initially-formed lamellar stacking structure of 12 nm long period. When the experiment was made at 150 °C, only the formation of stacked lamellar structure of FCC morphology was observed and the insertion of new lamella did not occur.  相似文献   
5.
The three-dimensional morphology of polyethylene single crystals grown from dilute solution has been examined by atomic force microscopy. Single crystals were deposited on a soft ground of aqueous solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to avoid the collapse of thin lamellar crystals with thickness of 10 nm. The observation of single crystals on dried PVA clarifies the morphology of a chair type crystal as well as well-known hollow pyramidal type. It has been confirmed that the screw dislocations in the chair type follow a selection rule of the handedness in a manner to relieve the distortion in the chair type.  相似文献   
6.
石膏转化制硫酸钾结晶动力学及结晶添加剂研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究了浓氨介质中石膏与氯化钾直接转化制硫酸钾的结晶动力学及结晶添加剂的作用效果。结果表明 ,硫酸钾在氨介质中的成核速率与晶体生长速率、悬浮密度、搅拌速率存在如下关联式 :B0 =5 .64 13×10 8G3.32 0 8Mt0 .0 559np0 .2 92 8。加入异丙醇、OP乳化剂及十二烷基苯磺酸钠等添加剂 ,可使硫酸钾结晶产品纯度提高 ,晶体形态整齐均匀  相似文献   
7.
Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Polymer‐Derived Glasses and Ceramics in the Si–C–O System. Part 2: Characterization of microstructure formation by means of high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction Liquid or solid silicone resins represent the economically most interesting class of organic precursors for the pyrolytic production of glass and ceramics materials on silicon basis. As dense, dimensionally stable components can be cost‐effectively achieved by admixing reactive filler powders, chemical composition and microstructure development of the polymer‐derived residues must be exactly known during thermal decomposition. Thus, in the present work, glasses and ceramics produced by pyrolysis of the model precursor polymethylsiloxane at temperatures from 525 to 1550 °C are investigated. In part 1, by means of analytical electron microscopy, the bonding state of silicon was determined on a nanometre scale and the phase separation of the metastable Si–C–O matrix into SiO2, C and SiC was proved. The in‐situ crystallization could be considerably accelerated by adding fine‐grained powder of inert fillers, such as Al2O3 or SiC, which permits effective process control. In part 2, the microstructure is characterized by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction. Turbostratic carbon and cubic β‐SiC precipitate as crystallization products. Theses phases are embedded in an amorphous matrix. Inert fillers reduce the crystallization temperature by several hundred °C. In this case, the polymer‐derived Si–C–O material acts as a binding agent between the powder particles. Reaction layer formation does not occur. On the investigated pyrolysis conditions, no crystallization of SiO2 was observed.  相似文献   
8.
采用晶种技术,能有效地改善熟料的煅烧过程和熟料的质量。晶种和复合矿化剂的作用机理不同,在某些方面具有互补性。  相似文献   
9.
C. Viney  A.M. Donald  A.H. Windle 《Polymer》1985,26(6):870-878
Banded textures produced in a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer by shearing between glass slides are examined by using both transmission electron and polarized light microscopy. The periodic variation in director orientation about the shear axis, as measured by light microscopy, is shown to be distinctly different from that indicated by electron diffraction. Measurements of birefringence and observation of Zernicke phase contrast indicate periodic variations in optical properties of the polymer, in step with the bands. Such effects are accounted for in terms of a synchronous rotation of the planar aromatic groups about the molecular chain axes. Evidence for an out-of-plane component of molecular orientation is also presented.  相似文献   
10.
ZnGa2O4纳米晶的制备和结构表征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用喷射共沉淀法制备了ZnGa2O4 纳米晶,XRD、SEM和TEM结构分析结果表明,喷射共沉淀法制备的ZnGa2O4的纳米晶颗粒细小均匀,形状完整,与化学共沉淀法相比,粒子尺寸明显减小,小于10nm,同时ZnO杂相峰消失,分析了喷射共沉淀法的机理,并对实验结果进行了解释。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号