Uncertainty analysis of parameters in non‐point source pollution simulation: case study of the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model to Yitong River watershed in northeast China

Uncertainty analysis of the model parameters in non‐point source pollution (NPSP) simulation is important because of its great effects on predictions and decision‐making. Understanding the main parameters that effect the uncertainty of NPSP is necessary to provide the basis for formulating control measures. In this study, two methods were applied to conduct parameter uncertainty analysis for Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Sobol’ method was used to screen out the model parameters with great effects on the runoff, sediment, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The results obtained by sensitivity analysis were used subsequent model calibration and further uncertainty analysis. Monte Carlo (MC) method was employed to analyse the effects of parameter uncertainty on the model outputs. However, such problems are time‐consuming because the MC method required to invoke simulation model thousands of times. To address this challenge, a kriging surrogate model was developed to improve the overall calculation efficiency. The results obtained by sensitivity analysis showed that curve number value (CN2), soil evaporation compensation factor (ESCO), universal soil loss equation support practice factor (USLE_P) and initial organic nitrogen concentration in soil layer (SOL_ORGN) had significant effects on the SWAT outputs. The uncertainty analysis results showed that the uncertainty of runoff is the lowest, followed by TP and TN, and the uncertainty of sediment was the greatest. The kriging surrogate model has the ability to solve this time‐consuming problem rapidly with a high degree of accuracy, and thus it is very robust.     

对高性能混凝土的几点探讨

从特征指标、组成材料、水胶比、微观结构和宏观性能等方面分析普通混凝土与高性能混凝土的区别，并分析高性能混凝土的配制与耐久性的关系，最后阐明了高性能混凝土可持续发展的前景。     

常用木门的分类和材质及工艺特点

把常用木门划分为实木门、复合门和空心门三种类型,对常用木门的分类及其材质、工艺特点等进行了详细的分析,以增强人们对室内装饰木门的了解,从而帮助人们正确地选用室内装饰木门。     

植筋后锚固技术在结构加固改造工程中的应用

后锚固植筋技术因其施工简便、安全可靠,在建筑物加固改造工程中得到了日益广泛的应用。本文结合实际工程项目,简要叙述了植筋技术的设计施工要点。     

发展中小套型住房打造亲情和谐小区

中低价位、中小套型普通商品住房是我国当前发展的重点,也是符合我国国情、社情、家情的战略性决策。文章全面论述发展中小套型住宅的重大意义。     

普通混凝土高性能化研究与施工应用

介绍了普通混凝土高性能化的技术途径,通过掺加高效减水剂和超细矿物粉,使普通混凝土的性能明显提高。     

平常建筑的设计——在乡镇造房子

介绍了浙江横店的两个设计,建筑规模不大,造价有限,在设计中探讨了结合目前国情和当地施工技术条件,选择适宜的设计策略,努力以经济的造价创作出有一定质量的平常建筑。     

Surrogate-based optimization of a periodic rescheduling algorithm

Periodic rescheduling is an iterative method for real-time decision-making on industrial process operations. The design of such methods involves high-level when-to-schedule and how-to-schedule decisions, the optimal choices of which depend on the operating environment. The evaluation of the choices typically requires computationally costly simulation of the process, which—if not sufficiently efficient—may result in a failure to deploy the system in practice. We propose the continuous control parameter choices, such as the re-optimization frequency and horizon length, to be determined using surrogate-based optimization. We demonstrate the method on real-time rebalancing of a bike sharing system. Our results on three test cases indicate that the method is useful in reducing the computational cost of optimizing an online algorithm in comparison to the full factorial sampling.     

顺层长钻孔预抽瓦斯区域防突措施研究

顺层瓦斯抽采是高瓦斯矿井抽采的重要方法之一。文中基于某矿西井田地质条件,进行了顺层定向钻孔及顺层普通长钻孔两种抽采方法的理论分析,同时,为了验证抽采过程中煤层透气性和效果准确性,对两种抽采效果进行量化对比,结果表明顺层定向钻孔抽采工艺能够满足要求,可以作为西井区预抽钻孔防突效果预测,从而指导矿井抽、掘、采衔接规划。     

隔离型阻燃电缆和其它阻燃电缆性能比较

介绍阻燃电缆分级标准的变化和阻燃电缆阻燃材料的演变及发展,通过对隔离型阻燃电缆及其要达到的B1级燃烧性能阻燃电缆生产工艺的阐述及与其它类型阻燃电缆性能的比较,指出隔离型阻燃电缆在建筑工程中的应用优势。