Accelerating the decarbonization of carbonaceous gold ore by suspension oxidation roasting towards the improvement of gold leaching efficiency

Eliminating the gold preg-robbing effect of carbonaceous matter in carbonaceous gold ores is crucial for gold leaching. In this study, suspension oxidation roasting was proposed to accelerate the decarbonization of carbonaceous gold ore. The characteristics of oxidation reaction process and gas release were analyzed by TG-DTA-FTIR. The phase transformation and microstructure evolution of samples during roasting were analyzed by XRD, SEM and BET. The results show that the gold preg-robbing effect was eliminated after the gasification of carbonaceous matter, and the CaO generated by decomposition of carbonates can effectively capture the SO₂. After roasting for 75 min at 650 °C in a 20% O₂ atmosphere, the total carbon removal rate reached 99.42%, the distribution of exposed gold increased from 28.85% to 77.10% and the gold leaching efficiency increased from 4.55% to 84.83%. In addition, about 70% sulfur was mainly fixed in the roasted products in the form of sulfate. Therefore, the suspension oxidation roasting process is an efficient and clean pretreatment method for carbonaceous gold ores.     

离子型稀土矿山淋洗及尾水富集试验研究

对浸矿后离子型稀土原地浸矿场采用清水进行淋洗，在184天的清水淋洗过程中，尾水氨氮值从最开始的507mg/L，降低至140mg/L，淋洗尾水pH4.52~3.10。淋洗尾水采用两级反渗透膜分离，既回收有价资源稀土，又能使出水氨氮达标。结果表明，产水氨氮浓度稳定低于15mg/L，对稀土的截留率高于98.25%，浓水中稀土离子平均浓度313.4mg/L，可进一步回收稀土资源。     

四川某低品位金矿非氰浸出试验研究

对金品位为1.55 g/t的氧化矿采用非氰药剂进行浸金的工艺流程,考察了磨矿细度、药剂DZC浓度和浸出时间对金浸出率的影响。确定该金矿适宜的非氰浸出条件:磨矿细度-74μm含量占69.90%、石灰用量4 000g/t、矿浆液固比为2∶1、浸出药剂DZC浓度0.08%、浸出时间8 h,可获得金的浸出率为93.33%的良好指标。表明该氧化金矿在常温常压下,采用非氰浸出工艺是可行的。     

臭氧氧化技术在有色金属湿法冶金中的应用研究进展

臭氧是一种氧化性极强、多功能化的绿色氧化剂。本文综述了臭氧氧化技术在有色金属湿法冶金领域的研究进展和应用现状,重点介绍了在贵金属、重金属、稀有金属及轻金属等有色金属湿法冶金领域的应用研究。详细探讨了臭氧的强氧化性对低品位金属矿和难冶金属矿浸出、溶液中低价态金属离子氧化沉淀、溶液净化除杂等方面的作用机理,并对目前面临的问题进行简要叙述,对其在有色金属湿法冶金领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

氨浸-草酸盐沉淀法回收废弃线路板中金属铜的工艺研究

采用氨浸-草酸盐沉淀法回收废弃线路板中的金属铜,考察了氨水浓度、NH₄Cl溶液浓度、液固比、反应温度和时间对铜浸出率的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:氨水浓度10%、NH₄Cl溶液浓度1.5 mol/L、液固比10∶1、反应温度60 ℃、反应时间3 h,在此工艺条件下,铜浸出率高达99.25%。在铜的富集过程中,调节溶液pH值至1.5,60 ℃下反应30 min,铜沉淀率达到了98.15%。     

Migration and distribution of saline ions in bauxite residue during water leaching

Bauxite residue, a highly saline solid waste produced from digestion of bauxite for alumina production, is hazardous to the environment and restricts vegetation establishment in bauxite residue disposal areas. A novel water leaching process proposed here was used to investigate the dynamic migration and vertical distribution of saline ions in bauxite residue. The results show that water leaching significantly reduced the salinity of bauxite residue, leaching both saline cations Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and anions CO^2?₃, SO^2?₄, HCO^?₃. Na⁺ and K⁺ migrated from 40–50 to 20–30 cm of the column, presenting a high migration capacity. The migration capacity of Ca²⁺ was lower and accumulated at 30–40 cm of the column. CO^2?₃ initially distributed at 20–30 cm of the column, subsequently transported to 30–40 cm of the column, and finally returned to 20–30 cm of the column along with evaporation. SO^2?₄ was originally distributed at 40–50 cm, but finally migrated to 20–30 cm of the column. Nevertheless, HCO^?₃ remained at the bottom of the column, and its migratory was less affected by evaporation.     

锌冶炼铜烟灰中铟氧化浸出研究

以锌冶炼过程中的铜烟灰为原料,研究了硫酸浸出含铟铜烟灰过程中硫酸浓度、硫酸用量、浸出温度、浸出时间、氧化剂高锰酸钾用量等因素对铟浸出效果的影响。结果表明,当硫酸浓度300 g/L、液固比6 mL/g、反应温度90 ℃、反应时间5 h、高锰酸钾添加量0.3%时,铜烟灰中铟浸出率为65.73%。     

超声波强化低品位氧化锌矿在NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O体系中的浸出

研究了低品位氧化锌矿在NH_3-(NH_4)_2SO_4-H_2O体系中的浸出,并利用超声波进行了浸出过程的强化。结果表明,超声波能够强化低品位氧化锌矿在氨性浸出剂中的浸出。在总氨浓度为7.5mol/L,n[NH_4~+]∶n[NH_3]为2∶1,反应温度为40℃,反应时间为60 min,超声波浸出,液固比为5∶1的条件下,锌的浸出率可以达到92.1%。当NH3与(NH4)2SO4的摩尔比为1∶1时,此低品位氧化锌矿在浸出Zn2+所形成的配位化合物为[Zn(NH_3)_4]~(2+)。适当增加氨浓度及反应温度可有效提高锌的浸出率。     

铋精矿加压氧化氨浸高效分离铜、硫和铋

针对湖南柿竹园铋精矿火法冶炼过程中存在的成本高、低浓度SO₂和散烟排放污染环境、有价金属综合回收率低等问题, 以柿竹园铋精矿为原料, 提出了加压氧化氨浸分离铋与铜、硫的新工艺, 研究了氨水加入量、浸出温度、浸出时间、浸出压力及浸出液固比等因素对铜、硫、铋浸出率的影响。在氨水用量1.8 mL/g_铋精矿、液固比4∶1、釜压2.8 MPa、浸出温度160 ℃、浸出时间5 h、搅拌速度600 r/min的优化工艺条件下, 铜、硫浸出率分别达93.57%和92.87%, 铋不浸出并以氧化铋形态全部入渣, 实现了铜、硫与铋的高效分离。     

福建某低品位金矿新型浸金剂浸金试验

福建某斑岩型金矿品位低、规模大,金主要以自然金形式存在,可见金的粒度较粗,为高效利用该低品位金矿,开展新型浸金剂金蝉全泥浸出试验和柱浸试验,结果表明：全泥浸出在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占80%、矿浆浓度25%、加石灰调pH 值11.0左右、初始金蝉浓度为500 mg/L和过程中控制金蝉浓度不小于300 mg/L条件下浸出20 h,金的浸出率为93.43%,金蝉耗量为1.02 kg/t；柱浸在矿石粒度为-30 mm条件下喷淋浸出23天,金累计浸出率和金蝉累计耗量分别为86.54%和1.22 kg/t。