细粒磁铁精矿球团孔隙结构的优化研究

针对-10 μm粒级含量32.63%、比表面积2 980 cm²/g的细粒磁铁精矿,通过有机粘结剂取代部分膨润土优化细粒磁铁精矿球团的孔隙结构,从而改善了生球及成品球质量。相比单独添加1.75%的膨润土球团,配加0.05%的有机粘结剂使膨润土用量降低至0.8%,由于有机粘结剂使小颗粒团聚成较大的颗粒,使得生球的孔隙率从16.68%提高到23.15%,球团爆裂温度从370 ℃提高到500 ℃;且预热过程球团的氧化率从67.48%提高到79.08%,球团均匀氧化避免了球团焙烧时形成双层结构;同时焙烧球孔隙率从12.33%提高到16.83%,使得球团还原度从56.8%提高到69.7%。有机粘结剂部分取代膨润土成功解决了细粒磁铁精矿球团孔隙率低导致的爆裂温度低、氧化速度慢、还原性能差等问题。     

碱度对熔剂性球团生球性能的影响

 熔剂性铁矿球团具有优良的高温冶金性能，是高炉炼铁的优质炉料。为探明生产熔剂性铁矿球团时碱度对生球性能的影响规律，以某钢厂赤铁精矿为原料，通过添加石灰石粉调节碱度，进行了造球及生球干燥特性试验研究。结果发现，提高碱度，生球落下强度呈提高趋势，抗压强度变化不明显，适宜膨润土配比略有下降，生球爆裂温度明显提高，生球干燥速率则没有明显变化。与基准自然碱度（R＝0.14）相比，当碱度提高到0.6以上时，适宜膨润土配比由1.2%下降到1.1%，生球爆裂温度提高近50 ℃以上。     

Comparison of mechanical properties of ground corn stover,switchgrass, and willow and their pellet qualities

Mechanical and physical properties of ground corn stover, switchgrass, and willow were measured and compared in addition to the quality of pellets. Biomass was size-reduced with two different screen sizes (3.175 and 6.35?mm) and conditioned to obtain samples at two different moisture contents (17.5 and 20% on wet basis). Ground switchgrass had the smallest and willow had the highest D₅₀ when size-reduced with the same screen size. Hydrostatic triaxial compression tests were performed using the cubical triaxial tester to determine the bulk modulus, compression index, and spring-back index at specific unloading pressures (20, 45, 70, and 95?kPa). The trends of pressure vs. volumetric strain and void ratio vs. natural log of pressure were similar for all three materials; however, the magnitudes were different. Willow, size-reduced with 3.175?mm screen size at 17.5% wet basis, had the highest bulk modulus among different conditions of all the three biomass. Pellet durability values for all the three materials were higher than 80%. Corn stover pellets formed with 3.175?mm screen size at 20% wet basis had the highest diametral tensile and axial compressive strengths among different conditions for all the three biomass, however the values were not significantly different (p?>?0.05).     

激光驱动靶丸超高速发射研究

本文通过理论模拟和实验相结合的方法，对激光驱动靶丸超高速发射以及超高速靶丸撞击防护材料进行研究。首先利用辐射流体程序HYADES对靶的飞行速度进行了理论模拟预估，其次在中国工程物理研究院神光Ⅲ原型装置上开展实验验证，得到了将直径200 μm的铝球加速至44 km/s的实验结果，完成了高速铝球与防护材料撞击测试，并通过撞击形态验证了该材料的防护效果。本研究在模拟在轨航天器空间碎片撞击与防护方面具有十分重要意义。     

铜渣球团还原-熔分工艺试验研究

在实验室条件下使用马弗炉模拟转底炉, 在1400 ℃下焙烧还原由铜渣、还原煤、石灰石等原料制备的含碳球团, 还原熔分生成粒铁和渣, 再通过人工挑选的方式实现渣和粒铁的分离。研究了焙烧时间、碱度、助熔剂种类和用量等因素对还原熔分效果的影响, 结果表明, 在焙烧时间40 min、球团碱度0.42、球团外配助熔剂CaF₂ 2%时, 可获得铁回收率91.71%、TFe品位95.22%、S含量0.37%的高品质粒铁。     

Implementation and solution of the diffusion–reaction equation using high-order methods

The orthogonal collocation, Galerkin, tau and least-squares methods are applied to solve a diffusion–reaction problem. In general, the least-squares method suffers from lower accuracy than the other weighted residual methods. The least-squares method holds the most complex linear algebra theory and is thus associated with the most complex implementation. On the other hand, an advantage of the least-squares method is that it always produces a symmetric and positive definite system matrix which can be solved with an efficient iterative technique such as the conjugate gradient method or its preconditioned version. For the present problem, neither the Galerkin, tau and orthogonal collocation techniques produce symmetric and positive definite system matrices, hence the conjugate gradient method is not applicable for these numerical techniques.     

A simulation study of reduction kinetics for sponge iron production in a rotary hearth furnace

ABSTRACT

A mathematical model has been developed by coupling genetic algorithm (GA) with heat and material balance equations to estimate rate parameters and solid-phase evolution related to the reduction of iron ore-coal composite pellets in a multi-layer bed Rotary hearth Furnace (RHF). The present process involves treating iron ore-coal composite pellets in a crucible over the hearth in RHF. The various solid phases evolved at the end of the process are estimated experimentally, and are used in conjunction with the model to estimate rate parameters. The predicted apparent activation energy for the wustite reduction step is found to be lower than those of the reduction of higher oxides. The thermal efficiency is found to decrease significantly with an increase in the carbon content of the pellet. Thermal efficiency was also found to increase mildly up to three layers. Multilayer bed remains as a potential design parameter to increase thermal efficiency.     

提高球团质量的措施及实践

为了提高球团矿的产品质量，针对生产、设备、工艺方面存在的问题进行了改进，使球团矿质量有了较大幅度的提高。     

硫酸渣的开发利用

硫酸渣的开发利用与资源、环境、经济问题密切相关 ,具有较好的社会效益和经济效益 ,以及重大的现实意义。为此 ,提出了硫酸渣合理的开发利用途径     

带式焙烧机制备镁质熔剂性球团研究

为了提高高炉球团矿入炉比,从而降低钢铁生产能耗,缓解日益严峻的环保形势,基于氧化球团焙烧基础理论,结合相关学者研究成果,对镁质熔剂性球团特性进行分析和梳理,在此基础上对带式焙烧机球团工艺制备镁质熔剂性球团的热工参数进行了研究。结果表明,得益于镁质熔剂性球团的良好技术经济指标,可以实现高炉原料结构中球团矿比例的大幅提高。通过流体力学(CFD)数值模拟和构建物质流和能量流计算模型,对现有带式焙烧机球团工艺的热工参数进行分析,阐明了镁质熔剂性球团制备特点,并论述了带式焙烧机在制备镁质熔剂性球团上的优势。