Monolithic Ag-Mt dispersed Z-scheme pCN-TiO2 heterojunction for dynamic photocatalytic H2 evolution using liquid and gas phase photoreactors

Fabricating montmorillonite (Mt) dispersed Ag/pCN-TiO₂ heterojunction for stimulating photocatalytic H₂ evolution using two/three phases photo-reactor systems has been investigated. Using Ag–Mt/pCN–TiO₂ composite in three-phase, H₂ rate of 667 μmolh⁻¹ was obtained, much greater than TiO₂-based samples due to superior charges separation with Ag SPR and Mt mediated effect. Among parameters, 0.15 g catalyst loading at pH 7 gives highest H₂ yield with glycerol sacrificial reagents. More interestingly, liquid system with glycerol gave best H₂ rate while gas-phase with methanol encouraged H₂ productivity. Furthermore, H₂ rate increased to 8230 μmolh⁻¹ using two-phase monolith reactor, 9.01 and 12.34 times greater than two-phase fixed-bed and three-phase slurry systems. Comparatively, highest AQY and SY of 39.85% and 54.86 μmolh⁻¹cm⁻³ were obtained using monolith. This superior efficiency was due to efficient photon-flux consumption, effective mass-transfer and large light-fluxed. These findings would be fruitful for further development for clean hydrogen production through photocatalytic water splitting.     

人工湿地对印染达标尾水中低浓度锑的再削减

本研究通过水培实验和等温吸附实验分别考察了7种湿地植物和7种湿地填料对于印染达标尾水中低浓度锑及典型污染物的削减效果。通过动态实验考察不同湿地系统对各污染物的削减效果。结果表明,滴水观音和香蒲可作为印染达标尾水生态净化的优先考虑植物;无烟煤与沸石以质量比2∶1混合的填料在组合填料中具有较好的吸附效果;种植滴水观音的表面流湿地和种植香蒲的水平潜流湿地的组合湿地系统对印染达标尾水中低浓度锑具有较好的再削减能力。     

胶磷矿浮选药剂添加点的优化改造

分析了安宁矿业分公司胶磷矿单反浮选的一次粗选中将浮选药剂加入二级搅拌槽存在的问题,经将加药点前移至一级搅拌槽后,浮选效果改善,精矿指标稳定,系统结垢周期延长,同时减少了浮选药剂的添加量。     

无水试剂的制备及参与植物油转酯化效果的快速评估

本文旨在提供实验室内快速制备无水试剂的方法。方法:先在实验室内用钠法制备无水试剂(石油醚、四氢呋喃和甲醇钠),然后以植物油为反应底物,检验了所制备的无水试剂的转酯化效率,并用薄层层析技术和气相色谱技术对转酯化效率进行验证。结果表明,本次制备的无水试剂可稳定、高效、快速的对植物油脂进行转酯化反应,且运用薄层层析技术能快速评估转酯化效率。     

Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of 1‐Alkynylcyclopropyl Tosylates and Related Substrates

1‐Alkynylcyclopropyl tosylates react with alkylmagnesium halides in the presence of catalytic ferric acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)₃] under net propargylic substitution; allene formation, which is the prevalent reactivity mode of propargylic substrates otherwise, was noticed as a side reaction only when branched alkyl‐ or aryl‐Grignard reagents were used. These transformations represent the first successful iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions of tert‐alkyl electrophiles.

     

Toward the Development of Dual‐Targeted Glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate Dehydrogenase/Trypanothione Reductase Inhibitors against Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi

A significant improvement in the treatment of trypanosomiases has been achieved with the recent development of nifurtimox–eflornithine combination therapy (NECT). As an alternative to drug combinations and as a means to overcome most of the antitrypanosomatid drug discovery challenges, a multitarget drug design strategy has been envisaged. To begin testing this hypothesis, we designed and developed a series of quinone–coumarin hybrids against glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase/trypanothione reductase (GAPDH/TR). These enzymes belong to metabolic pathways that are vital to Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi, and have thus been considered promising drug targets. The synthesized molecules were characterized for their dual‐target antitrypanosomal profile, both in enzyme assays and in in vitro parasite cultures. The merged derivative 2‐{[3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropoxy)‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐7‐yl]oxy}anthracene‐1,4‐dione ( 10 ) showed an IC₅₀ value of 5.4 μM against TbGAPDH and a concomitant K_i value of 2.32 μM against TcTR. Notably, 2‐{4‐[6‐(2‐dimethylaminoethoxy)‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl]phenoxy}anthracene‐1,4‐dione (compound 6 ) displayed a remarkable EC₅₀ value for T. brucei parasites (0.026 μM ) combined with a very low cytotoxicity toward mammalian L6 cells (7.95 μM ). This promising low toxicity of compound 6 might be at least partially due to the fact that it does not interfere with human glutathione reductase.     

Mechanisms for naphthalene removal during electrolytic aeration

Batch tests were performed to investigate chemical and physical processes that may result during electrolytic aeration of a contaminated aquifer using naphthalene as a model contaminant. Naphthalene degradation of 58-66% took place electrolytically and occurred at the same rates at a pH of 4 and 7. 1,4-naphthoquinone was identified as a product of the electrolysis. Stripping due to gases produced at the electrodes did not result in any naphthalene loss. Hydrogen peroxide (which may be produced at the cathode) did not have any effect on naphthalene, but the addition of ferrous iron (which may be present in aquifers) resulted in 67-99% disappearance of naphthalene. Chlorine (which may be produced from the anodic oxidation of chloride) can effectively degrade naphthalene at pH of 4, but not at a pH of 7. Mono-, di- and poly chloronaphthalenes were identified as oxidation products. Ferric iron coagulation (due to the oxidation of ferrous iron) did not significantly contribute to naphthalene loss. Overall, electrolytic oxidation and chemical oxidation due to the electrolytic by-products formed are significant abiotic processes that could occur and should be accounted for if bioremediation of PAH-contaminated sites via electrolytic aeration is considered. Possible undesirable products such as chlorinated compounds may be formed when significant amounts of chlorides are present.     

小城镇规划中的“四个结合”———以重庆市酉阳县北部新区修建性详细规划为例

当前,小城镇的规划建设是个热点,也是一个难点,面临很多复杂的问题。本文通过对酉阳县北部新区详规的实践,总结了“四结合”的规划理念,有一定的实际价值。