电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定

建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP AES）法测定锑精矿中4种元素Pb、Se、Te、Tl的定量分析方法。通过试验选择220353 nm、196026 nm、214282 nm、351923 nm分别作为Pb、Se、Te、Tl的分析谱线，无需进行光谱干扰校正。探讨了锑精矿的溶解方法，发现采用王水加氢氟酸溶解样品时，基体效应小，且Se、Te无挥发损失。方法的检出限均小于0010 μg/mL。对锑精矿实际样品进行分析，测定结果与ICP MS法测定值相一致。精密度试验结果表明，RSD（n=9）均小于4%，能满足日常分析对锑精矿中杂质元素的检测要求。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铅锭中铊

研究了待测溶液中介质对测定铊的影响，考查了共存元素的干扰，选择了仪器最佳工作条件，试验了分离铅基体的方法。在优化的试验条件下，方法精密度好，标准加入回收率在98％～103％之间，该方法适合于铅锭中铊的测定。     

云浮硫铁矿及其焙烧灰渣中元素铊的组成特征

本文研究了铊元素在云浮硫铁矿矿石及其焙烧灰和渣中的含量特征 ,并探讨了矿山开采和资源利用过程中产生的含铊废弃物对环境的影响。表明进一步开展相关的资源综合利用研究和废弃物综合治理研究是十分必要的。     

Tl_2SO_4的试制

利用硫酸与铊反应生成Tl2 SO4 ,通过重结晶除杂 ,可制得纯度大于 99%的Tl2 SO4 晶体 .     

Hydrogen evolution during the oxidation of formaldehyde on Au:: The influence of single crystal structure and Tl-upd

Hydrogen evolution during formaldehyde oxidation in alkaline solution has been monitored by Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry on Au(111) and polycrystalline gold. The current efficiency for hydrogen evolution increases with higher concentration and is in the same range on both, polycrystalline Au and Au(111) electrode. The onset potentials and half-wave potentials are higher on Au(111). Reaction orders for the faradaic current on the bare gold electrodes have been determined as 0.21 for higher and 0.76 for lower concentrations. Reaction orders for hydrogen evolution during formaldehyde oxidation are 1.4 times higher in each case. Tafel slopes in the range of 140-160 mV are found. This signifies that the first reaction step involving the formation of adsorbed hydrogen is largely determining the overall reaction rate. In the presence of thallium adlayers hydrogen evolution from formaldehyde oxidation is largely suppressed. On the thallium modified polycrystalline Au, formaldehyde oxidation is shifted for 100 mV to higher potentials where Tl is partially desorbed and hydroxide is coadsorbed on the modified surface. On thallium modified Au(111), a similar process takes place, but in the same potential region as the onset of formaldehyde oxidation on the bare surface and therefore the formaldehyde oxidation is only slightly shifted. Tafel slopes are decreased to 80 mV/dec in the presence of thallium. In the presence of adsorbed thallium, the first reaction step is in equilibrium, the coverage with adsorbed hydrogen is smaller and its recombination to H₂ is largely suppressed.     

The Chemistry of Waters Associated with Metal Mining in Macedonia

Abstract  Pollution from current and past mining is a significant problem in several parts of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Water from six different mining areas in Macedonia was analysed to assess the effects of metalliferous mining activities. Drainage sediments at all locations show evidence of physical and chemical contamination; water compositions, however, were more variable. Low pH water associated with mining has led to the dissolution of minerals and the mobilization of metals from the ores and the host rocks. Only Sb was noted to exhibit enhanced mobility in higher pH waters. The Zletevo Pb-Zn mine discharges low pH water that has high levels of several metals, including Al, Zn, Cd, and Fe; sediment concentrations are grossly elevated for several km downstream. Toranica and Sasa Pb-Zn mines exhibit similar sediment contamination of Pb, Zn, Cd, and other ore-related metals. However, concentrations of metals in waters are far lower at both of these mines, due to less pyrite in the ore and the buffering of the acid waters by carbonate host lithologies. At the Buchim copper mine, waters are both acidic and high in dissolved solids; Cu concentrations exceed 100 mg/L. Krstov Dol and Alshar are small, disused As-Sb mines that discharge waters that exceed potable values for some contaminants (e. g. As), but this may be related to the mineralization of the bedrock rather than the mines. In general, metal concentrations decreased downstream from the source due to dilution from other rivers and coprecipitation of metals on other mineral phases (e. g. Fe-, Al- and Mn-oxides, and hydroxides).     

Spectroscopy in the Second Minimum: Isotopic Limits,Lifetimes, and Magnetic Properties of Superdeformed Tl Nuclei

In-beam γ-ray spectroscopic studies of superdeformed bands in the mass 190 region are discussed with emphasis on recent results for Tl nuclei. Among those results, superdeformation at the edge of the region (in ¹⁸⁹Tl) and the first measurement of a superdeformed quadrupole moment in an odd-Z nucleus (¹⁹¹Tl) is presented. The experiments were conducted with the Gammasphere array at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. They are examples for the type of physics addressed in the first phase of Gammasphere operation.     

铊元素分析在非卡林型金矿找矿中的应用研究

通过对陕西、新疆、青海等地金矿床(异常) 研究,发现颇具特色的铊异常能准确反映金矿(化) 体赋存部位,上、下盘,矿体边界,矿体剥蚀情况,微弱构造蚀变,隐伏金矿(化) 体等,说明方法非常成功,并具较高应用价值。认为铊可能是较广泛存在的类型各异金矿特征找金指示元素,这将在当前面临寻找隐伏矿任务加大的状况下,开辟新思路,提供新途径。     

Instability of Thallium-Containing Superconductor Phases in Isothermal Equilibrium with Thallium Oxide

Knowledge of the equilibrium conditions under which the superconducting phases in the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O system are stable would enable the controlled preparation of these materials. Isothermal equilibrium between samples in this quaternary system and Tl₂O vapor from a condensed thallium oxide source has been studied. None of the superconductor phases coexisted in equilibrium with thallium oxide under the conditions employed. Instead, two previously unknown ternary thallium-calcium-barium oxides and one previously unknown thallium-calcium oxide were observed. The equilibrium phase assemblage at temperatures between 825° and 925°C consisted of the most thallium-rich ternary oxide plus CuO, although small amounts of the other thallium-rich phases may be required to balance stoichiometry. The vapor pressure of Tl₂O established by pure, condensed thallium oxide clearly exceeds the stability limit for the superconductor phases. If the thallium-containing superconductors are stable phases at high temperature, they will exist over some range of lower Tl₂O partial pressure.     

萃取法从含铊烟尘中综合回收稀散金属的研究

以铅冶炼含铊烟尘为原料,采用氧化浸出一溶剂萃取一还原转化一置换一铸锭的工艺流程综合回收稀散金属。结果表明,最佳浸出条件为:氯化钠浓度50~80 g/L、高锰酸钾用量6.0%~7.5%、硫酸浓度1.0~1.4 mol/L、液固比2.5~3.5、温度(90±5)℃;用30%N503-二乙苯在相比O/A=2、40℃萃取4 min,铊萃取率大于99%。