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《Ceramics International》2022,48(2):2377-2384
Bi2O3, Y2O3 and MgO co-doped BaTiO3 (BT)-based X8R ceramics were synthesized successfully for the first time. The effects of the sintering temperature and Bi2O3, Y2O3 and MgO dopants on the dielectric properties were investigated systematically. Bi2O3 doping can increase the Curie temperature (Tc), but reduces the overall dielectric permittivity. On the other hand, Y2O3 doping is beneficial to the formation of core-shell microstructure and the increase of Tc, whereas MgO can prevent excessive Y2O3 from diffusing into grain core, and thereby further contributes to the generation of the core–shell microstructure. The generation of the typical core-shell microstructure was confirmed and investigated in detail by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is argued that the synergistic effects of Bi2O3, Y2O3 and MgO co-doping in terms of the formation of the core-shell structure and the increase of Tc, can help improve the temperature stability of the dielectric permittivity effectively. Increasing the sintering temperature leads to an increase in the grain size, which in turn leads to an increase in the overall dielectric permittivity due to the grain size effect.  相似文献   
3.
基于方位特征(POC)方程的并联机构拓扑结构设计理论与方法,提出了一种能实现三平移一转动(3T1R)的2RRPaR+2RSS并联操作手机构。对该机构进行了结构特性分析,计算了其自由度及POC集,并得出其耦合度为2;依据该机构的结构特性及几何约束条件,采用二维搜索法对该机构的位置正解进行了求解,推导出了其位置逆解,并验证了位置正逆解的正确性;基于该机构的逆解公式,计算出其三维工作空间,并得到了一组Z向不同截面的切片形状,同时对Z=1000 mm截面处的转动能力进行了分析;最后,基于雅可比矩阵对机构奇异位形进行了分析。研究结果表明:所提2RRPaR+2RSS机构在与H4机构主要尺寸参数相同的情况下,其工作性能总体优于H4机构。与H4机构相比,所提机构的工作空间增加了27.87%,其转动能力提高了4.35%。  相似文献   
4.
Multiple lines of evidence support the pathogenic role of maternal immune activation (MIA) in the occurrence of the schizophrenia-like disturbances in offspring. While in the brain the homeostatic role of neuron-microglia protein systems is well documented, the participation of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 and CD200-CD200R dyads in the adverse impact of MIA often goes under-recognized. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effect of MIA induced by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) on the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 and CD200-CD200R axes, microglial trajectory (MhcII, Cd40, iNos, Il-1β, Tnf-α, Il-6, Arg1, Igf-1, Tgf-β and Il-4), and schizophrenia-like behaviour in adult male offspring of Sprague-Dawley rats. Additionally, according to the “two-hit” hypothesis of schizophrenia, we evaluated the influence of acute challenge with Poly I:C in adult prenatally MIA-exposed animals on the above parameters. In the present study, MIA evoked by Poly I:C injection in the late period of gestation led to the appearance of schizophrenia-like disturbances in adult offspring. Our results revealed the deficits manifested as a diminished number of aggressive interactions, presence of depressive-like episodes, and increase of exploratory activity, as well as a dichotomy in the sensorimotor gating in the prepulse inhibition (PPI) test expressed as two behavioural phenotypes (MIAPPI-low and MIAPPI-high). Furthermore, in the offspring rats subjected to a prenatal challenge (i.e., MIA) we noticed the lack of modulation of behavioural changes after the additional acute immune stimulus (Poly I:C) in adulthood. The important finding reported in this article is that MIA affects the expression and levels of the neuron-microglia proteins in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of adult offspring. We found that the changes in the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis could affect microglial trajectory, including decreased hippocampal mRNA level of MhcII and elevated cortical expression of Igf-1 in the MIAPPI-high animals and/or could cause the up-regulation of an inflammatory response (Il-6, Tnf-α, iNos) after the “second hit” in both examined brain regions and, at least in part, might differentiate behavioural disturbances in adult offspring. Consequently, the future effort to identify the biological background of these interactions in the Poly I:C-induced MIA model in Sprague-Dawley rats is desirable to unequivocally clarify this issue.  相似文献   
5.
通过实验研究了环境友好型制冷剂R1234yf在内径为0.5mm的水平圆形微通道内的流动沸腾换热特性,测量了不同工况下R1234yf的沸腾换热系数(HTC),并与传统制冷剂R134a进行了对比,分析了质量流速、热流密度和干度对换热系数变化规律的影响。实验条件为:饱和温度(17±1)℃,质量流速1000~2500kg/(m2·s),热流密度25~143kW/m2。实验结果表明:R1234yf的换热系数随着热流密度的增大而显著增大,而质量流速和干度的影响较小,核态沸腾为其主导换热机制。对比R1234yf和R134a在相同工况下的换热特性,发现两种工质的平均换热系数差别较小,并均随着热流密度增大而逐渐增加,但是R1234yf发生干涸(Dryout)时的热流密度小于R134a。将实验数据与已有文献中的核沸腾主导的经验关联式的预测结果进行了对比,得到了较好的吻合。  相似文献   
6.
对压力容器用钢Q345R开展终冷试验,研究终冷温度对轧态及正火态钢板力学性能与显微组织的影响。结果表明,在不同终冷温度下,轧态及正火态Q345R钢的力学性能均满足标准要求,但轧后直接空冷时,性能余量较小,在终冷温度为650 ℃时,力学性能较好;随着终冷温度的升高,钢板的屈服强度、抗拉强度、冲击性能均有下降的趋势,组织逐渐变粗大;轧态及正火态试样的微观组织均为典型的铁素体+珠光体,与热轧态钢板相比,正火态钢板的屈服强度和抗拉强度均明显降低,但冲击性能显著提高,且正火后组织有所细化。  相似文献   
7.
BaTiO3-(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BTBNT)-based multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) chips with the inner electrodes being Ag0.6/Pd0.4 are prepared by a roll-to-roll casting method. The BTBNT-based MLCC chips with ten-dielectric layers can be sintered very well at a low temperature of 1130°C via two-step sintering (TSS). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) results show that MLCC chips are a core-shell structure with two phases coexistence. The core exhibits a tetragonal phase at room temperature and then gradually changes into a cubic phase when the temperature increases above Tc (175°C). While, the shell exhibits a pseudocubic phase at all tested temperature from 25°C to 500°C. BTBNT-based MLCC chips exhibit a broad temperature stability and meet the requirement of Electronic Industries Association (EIA) X9R specifications. In terms of energy storage performance, a large discharge energy density of 3.33 J/cm3 can be obtained at 175°C under the applied electric field of 480 kV/cm. Among all tested temperature ranging from −50°C to 200°C, the energy efficiency of all chips is higher than 80%, even under a high applied electric field. The experimental results indicate that this novel BTBNT-based X9R MLCCs can be one of the most promising candidates for energy storage applications, especially operated in high temperature.  相似文献   
8.
将具有燃爆性制冷剂R290(丙烷)分别与物理抑制剂CO2和化学抑制剂R13I1(三氟碘甲烷)混合,根据混合制冷剂的热物性参数确定R290的占比。实验结果表明:R13I1与R290组成的混合工质可直接替代传统制冷剂,根据所要替代的现有制冷剂的热物性参数可确定配比。用可燃气体/蒸气爆炸试验测试装置测试R290分别与CO2和R13I1混合后的爆炸参数,实验得出CO2和R13I1环境下,二者的体积分数分别为26.5%和6.42%时,R290不再具有燃爆性。同时,针对R290,推导出化学抑制剂最小惰化浓度的预测理论公式。  相似文献   
9.
MnO2 and Nb2O5 co-doped 0.9BaTiO3-0.1(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 powders with excellent dielectric properties were fabricated using a conventional solid-state reaction method and sand milling. The doping effects of various amounts of MnO2 on the dielectric properties were investigated. The results revealed that the dielectric properties greatly depended on the concentration of MnO2. All the ceramics met the X9R specification. The dielectric loss decreased with an increasing concentration of MnO2. The specimen with an appropriate amount of 0.2 mol% MnO2 exhibited the most enhanced properties: high insulation resistance (2.49 × 1013 Ω/cm) and improved degradation properties. Multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) chips were prepared by tape casting using a 0.2 mol% Mn-doped 9010BTBNT-based ceramic powder. The capacitance of the MLCC chip was approximately 100 nF, and the dielectric loss was approximately 1.75% at room temperature. The high-temperature accelerated lifetime was over 1000 hours under 250 V (five times the working voltage) and at 230°C, indicating that the MLCC chips possess superior reliability.  相似文献   
10.
夏洪莲  钟微微  金鹏  陈猛  刘再英  张艳丽 《金属学报》2020,25(12):1344-1350
目的:探讨PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β信号通路参与异丙酚对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的脑保护作用及机制。方法:健康雄性SD大鼠72只,所有大鼠参照Zea Longa法建立局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的模型。随机分成6组(n=12),A-假手术组,B-模型组(MCAO),C-异丙酚组,D-异丙酚+腺苷A1R拮抗剂组(DPCPX),E-异丙酚组+PI3K特异性抑制剂(LY294002),F-异丙酚+GSK-3β抑制剂组(SB216763),观察大鼠术后24 h神经功能评分情况;LDF监测插栓前后脑血流变化;采用TTC染色法检测各组大鼠的脑梗死体积;用HE染色方法观察大鼠脑组织形态学改变;免疫组织化学法检测Bcl-2阳性细胞表达;采用TUNEL检测各组大脑脑皮质缺血周围神经元凋亡细胞的百分率。结果:与A组比较,B、C、D、E及F组大鼠行为学、脑梗死体积、细胞凋亡率、Bcl-2蛋白表达量均增加(P<0.05);与C组比较,B、D、E组大鼠行为学评分,脑梗死体积及细胞凋亡率均明显增加,Bcl-2蛋白表达量均明显减少(P<0.01),F组Bcl-2蛋白表达量却增加,细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.05),行为学评分减少、梗死体积减少(P<0.05)。 结论:腺苷A1R介导的异丙酚对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的神经保护作用可能与PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β信号转导通路有关。  相似文献   
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