Experimental investigation on the cracking of pre-combustion cracking gas with gliding arc discharge plasma

To improve the quality of pre-combustion cracking gas, the gliding arc discharge plasma is adopted in this paper. The influence of incoming flow rate, electrode gap distance and discharge frequency on cracking effect have been experimentally studied. The results show that through plasma cracking, the concentration of H₂ increases while the concentration of CH₄ and C₂H₄ decrease. With different fuel ratio conditions, the variation trend of C/H ratio as well as the mass flow of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the cracking products vary from each other. The cracking effect becomes weaker with the increase of incoming flow rate, while is better when the fuel ratio is larger. Given the flow rate of 18slpm and 24slpm, the best cracking effect can be acquired with the electrode gap of 1.5 mm. Besides, the effect of gliding arc discharge plasma cracking is weakened as the discharge frequency rises.     

The influence of light on the chroma of aviation kerosene

Influence of light on the chroma of low pressure hydrogenation aviation kerosene was studied using different lights (ultraviolet light, infrared light, sunlight and no light) in the same environment full of oxygen. UV light with short wavelength has the largest influence. Coloring substances were isolated by adsorption on neutral alumina followed by ether extraction and identified by using infrared spectrum, elemental analysis and two-dimensional GC-MS. Oxygen-containing compounds are main coloring substances. Light can provide the required energy to convert unsaturated hydrocarbons and heteroatom compounds to phenols, quinones and ketones.     

Chemical conversion of Calophyllum inophyllum oil into bio-hydrocarbons fuel over presulfided NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst

Chemical conversion of Calophyllum inophyllum oil (raw oil) over presulfided NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalyst was conducted to generate organic liquid products (OLP) containing bio-hydrocarbons (OLP-1). Reacted in ±273 mL autoclave for 200 minutes at 375°C, P_H2 of 1 MPa, and 1% of catalyst loading, the raw oil was converted into 78.24% OLP-1 with a heating value of 47.93 MJ/kg. The OLP was refined through distillation and grouped into boiling point (bp) range as 13.9% of gasoline (bp at 72.6°C-184°C), 10.8% of kerosene (bp at 184.1°C-235°C), 47.9% of diesel oil (bp at 235.1°C-400°C), and 26.3% of heavy fractions (bp at 400.1°C-688.5°C). Besides OLP-1, oxygenated compounds (OLP-2) were also contained as by-products. The catalytic reaction mechanism of C inophyllum oil was also confirmed using fatty acid model compounds. The OLP-1 mainly consisted of paraffinic hydrocarbons of C10-C18.     

Oil Refining

Current data on refinery products: LPG, mogas, naphtha, aviation fuel and Kerosene, gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil, other and total products, and total products. Countries covered: Canada, the United States, Japan, Australia, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom. Average production is thousand barrels per day. Updated on a monthly basis. Current data on crude oil refinery runs. Countries covered: Canada, the United States, Japan, Australia, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom. Updated on a monthly basis.     

麻疯树油一步加氢催化制备生物航空煤油

以麻疯树油为原料,以自制的Pt/SAPO-11为催化剂,一步加氢制备生物航空煤油。探究了反应温度、氢压、油剂比、反应时间和转速对C_8~C_(16)比率和C_8~C_(16)烃异构率的影响。结果表明:在反应温度290℃、氢压2.5 MPa、油剂比10∶1、反应时间3 h、转速200 r/min的条件下,产物C_8~C_(16)比率为69.2%,C_8~C_(16)烃异构率为19.01%;对精馏后的产品进行性能检测,各检测指标达到了3号喷气燃料的标准(GB 6537—2006)。     

凹凸棒石黏土脱色剂对航空煤油脱色研究

介绍了凹凸棒石黏土作为脱色剂,对航空煤油脱色.通过正交实验研究了活化酸度、焙烧温度、AlCl3加入量、脱色剂的用量和脱色时间对航空煤油脱色的影响.结果表明,经6%的硫酸酸化和450℃焙烧处理后的凹凸棒石黏土,加入1%AlCl;,制备的脱色剂脱色效果最佳,可使航空煤油的脱色率达到98.3%.     

浅谈哈石化航煤管道运输应急响应

航煤的性质决定了航煤管道运输事故的性质--危害大、影响大。本文论述了航煤管道泄漏时应急响应过程,浅述了航煤管道应急响应现存问题及解决方案,如能实施,对保障哈石化的稳定发展具有重要的现实意义。     

航空煤油组分气相色谱分析方法的建立

以HP-5弱极性的毛细管色谱柱,氢火焰离子检测器(FID)和无水乙醇做溶剂,建立了一种分析航空煤油组分的气相色谱分析方法,通过用标准试剂配置已知各组分浓度的模拟航空煤油来分析选定效果最好的程序升温方式,同时绘制每种标准试剂的色谱分析工作曲线,在此基础上,对实际航空煤油进行了分析,得到了理想的结果。     

Phase Behavior of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-n-Butanol-Kerosene-Water Microemulsion System

Experiments were carried out to investigate the influences of cation from electrolytes and acidity/alkalinity on the phase behavior of sodium dodecyl sulfate-n-butanol-organics-water （with electrolytes） microemulsion sys-tem. The organics used is commercial kerosene. The volume ratio of water to organics is 1︰1. The results show that the type and valence of electrolyte cations are important factors influencing the microemulsion behavior. Biva-lent Ca2＋is more effective than monovalent K＋and Na＋for the formation of Winsor type III and II microemulsion. For electrolytes with the same monovalent cation Na＋, i.e. NaCl and Na2CO3, anions in the electrolyte have some effect. Bivalent anion 23CO - leads to a lower activity of cation Na＋than monovalent anion Cl-. NaOH （or KOH） behaves similar with NaCl （or KCl）. When HCl is used as electrolyte, its acidity plays an important role. Phase in-version of microemulsion from type III （or II） to type I is observed through precipitation of Ca2＋using Na2CO3, neutralization of HCl by NaOH, and addition of water to the system, which releases the oil from the microemulsion.