蛋白质水解物水解度的测定

利用茚三酮显色法及甲醛固定法对蛋白质的水解度进行测定并进行了比较，结果表明二法是一致的，蛋白质水解测定为蛋白质水解程度的控制提供了必需的手段。  

Yeast/E. coli shuttle vectors with multiple unique restriction sites

Two yeast/E. coli shuttle vectors have been constructed. The two vectors, YEp351 and YEp352, have the following properties: (1) they can replicate autonomously in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in E. coli; (2) they contain the beta-lactamase gene and confer ampicillin resistance to E. coli; (3) they contain the entire sequence of pUC18; (4) all ten restriction sites of the multiple cloning region of pUC18 including EcoRI, SacI, KpnI, SmaI, BamHI, XbaI, SalI, PstI, SphI and HindIII are unique in YEp352; these sites are also unique in YEp351 except for EcoRI and KpnI, which occur twice; (5) recombinant plasmids with DNA inserts in the multiple cloning region of YEp351 and YEp352 can be recognised by loss of beta-galactosidase function in appropriate E. coli hosts; (6) YEp351 and YEp352 contain the yeast LEU2 and URA3 genes, respectively, allowing for selection of these auxotrophic markers in yeast and E. coli; (7) both plasmids are retained with high frequency in yeast grown under non-selective conditions indicative of high plasmid copy number. The above properties make the shuttle vectors suitable for construction of yeast genomic libraries and for cloning of DNA fragments defined by a large number of different restriction sites. The two vectors have been further modified by deletion of the sequences necessary for autonomous replication in yeast. The derivative plasmids YIp351 and YIp352 can therefore be used to integrate specific sequences into yeast chromosomal DNA.  

生物类黄酮的研究及应用概况

生物类黄酮具有多种生物活性,可用于延缓衰老,治疗和预防癌症、心血管病等退变性疾病,具有很大的开发应用价值。论文就生物类黄酮的生物活性、药理作用、提取分离方法及应用进行了详细阐述,旨在为生物类黄酮的研究、开发、应用提供参考。  

生物柴油的生产和应用

介绍了新开发的，由植物油脂经甲酯化生产生物柴油的工艺和方法。经该方法生产的生物柴油，其各项技术指标与天然柴油极为相似。可在柴油驱动的各型汽车及发动机内随时加入使用，无需作任何改动。其各项燃烧指标与普通柴油相仿，满足欧洲2号排放标准，是一种造成温室效应较低的，有利于环境保护的绿色燃油。  

全国16个主产烟省（区）烟草侵染性病害调研报告

经过全国１６个主产烟省（区）烟草侵染性病害调查研究协作组３年的调查、研究和鉴定，共查清烟草侵染性病害６８种，已鉴定的６２种，尚待鉴定的６种。在６２种病害中国内首次报道的１１种，５种是世界上首次报道，它们是烟草茎点病、烟草细菌性叶斑病、烟草细菌性黑茎病、烟草细菌性黑腐病及日本菟丝子，都是偶然发生的病害。６２种病害中主要烟草病害有１５种，其分布范围为１１～１６个省（区），其为害严重省（区）为１～１４个省（区），为害中等省（区）为２～９个省（区）。６２种病害依病原物划分，其中真菌性病害３０种，细菌性病害８种，病毒病害１７种，类菌原体病害２种，线虫病害３种及寄生性种子植物２种。就烟草花叶病（主要包括烟草普通花叶病毒病和黄瓜花叶病毒病）、赤星病、黑胫病、青枯病和根结线虫病５种烟草主要病害，１９８９～１９９１年３年所造成的经济损失，进行了损失估计研究，据不完全统计烟叶产量损失４．８亿多ｋｇ，产值损失１５亿多元。烟草病害为害程度，仅此可见一斑。从烟草病害发展史着眼，烟草病害一直威胁着烟草的产质，所以为保护烟草生产与病害长期斗争的任务是艰巨的。  

Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition.

There is a need to standardize the NDF procedure. Procedures have varied because of the use of different amylases in attempts to remove starch interference. The original Bacillus subtilis enzyme Type IIIA (XIA) no longer is available and has been replaced by a less effective enzyme. For fiber work, a new enzyme has received AOAC approval and is rapidly displacing other amylases in analytical work. This enzyme is available from Sigma (Number A3306; Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO). The original publications for NDF and ADF (43, 53) and the Agricultural Handbook 379 (14) are obsolete and of historical interest only. Up to date procedures should be followed. Triethylene glycol has replaced 2-ethoxyethanol because of reported toxicity. Considerable development in regard to fiber methods has occurred over the past 5 yr because of a redefinition of dietary fiber for man and monogastric animals that includes lignin and all polysaccharides resistant to mammalian digestive enzymes. In addition to NDF, new improved methods for total dietary fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides including pectin and beta-glucans now are available. The latter are also of interest in rumen fermentation. Unlike starch, their fermentations are like that of cellulose but faster and yield no lactic acid. Physical and biological properties of carbohydrate fractions are more important than their intrinsic composition.  

苦荞麦黄酮含量的测定

用甲醇－索氏抽提，以芦丁为标准品，用分光光度法测定了苦荞麦（ｔａｒｔａｒｙｂｕｃｈｗｈｅａｔｆｌｏｕｒ）的总黄酮含量。建立了芦丁浓度－吸光光关系的回归方程式ｙ＝０．１０２６Ａ－０．００１９５相关系数γ＝０．９９９９。  

番茄红素简便测定方法的建立

番茄红素是一种具有多种生理功能的类胡萝卜素 ,通常状况下与其它类胡萝卜素同时存在于多种生物体中。现有的几种测定番茄红素方法普遍存在着一定的缺陷 ,而HPLC测定又要受到仪器设备及标准样品的限制。作者从番茄红素及 β 胡萝卜素 (影响番茄红素测定的含量最多的类胡萝卜素 )的紫外吸收光谱的差异入手 ,确定了以含 2 %二氯甲烷为溶剂、以50 2nm吸收峰为检测波长的番茄红素测定方法 ,避免了其它类胡萝卜素的干扰 ,并将其转化为用消光系数来计算的形式  

天然食用色素—花色苷

花色苷是人们最熟悉的水溶性天然食用色素。它的颜色和稳定性受其结构、ｐＨ值、辅助成色、金属络合等诸多因素的影响。花色苷提取方法选择决定于提取的目的和花色苷本身的组成，而纯化花色苷时主要采用色谱技术。可采用色谱法等方法对花色苷进行定性分析，对其进行定量分析时则可选用单ｐＨ值，差减法和示差法等多种方法，改性后的花色苷在实际应用时具有更优越的性质。  

微波法提取银杏黄酮甙的新工艺

以水为介质的条件下，对银杏叶进行微波处理，提取效果与传统水煮法及熔剂萃取法提取银杏黄酮作对照，结果表明此方法提取率高，省溶剂，大大提高了提取效率。