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1.
真菌多糖具有悠久的研究历史,且生物活性广泛。茯苓多糖来源于多孔菌科真菌茯苓(Poria cocos)的菌核,具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化等多种功能活性,成为近年来的研究热点。该文主要综述茯苓多糖的提取工艺、结构、功能活性、作用机理以及安全性研究进展,最后对茯苓多糖的应用前景进行展望。  相似文献   
2.
水煮加工是生产南极磷虾粉的一个常见工序,但其加工条件往往会对南极磷虾粉的理化指标产生影响。为了深入研究水煮加工对南极磷虾粉脂质品质的影响,本实验通过测定不同温度和时间处理组磷虾粉脂质的过氧化值、酸值、硫代巴比妥酸值及脂肪酸组成的变化,揭示水煮加工对南极磷虾粉品质的影响。结果表明:与未经水煮处理组相比,40、60、80、100 ℃处理的样品其过氧化值、酸值、TBARS均显著上升(P<0.05),60 ℃水煮对过氧化值、酸值、TBARS影响最小,不同水煮温度处理的南极磷虾粉脂肪酸组成没有发生显著变化(P>0.05)。水煮15、30、45、60 min时均提高磷虾粉脂质过氧化值(P<0.05),但不影响磷虾粉脂质TBARS(P>0.05),水煮时间超过30 min显著提高脂质酸值(P<0.05),水煮时间30 min,饱和脂肪酸含量略有上升,水煮60 min多不饱和脂肪酸含量由47.186%降低至43.342%。综合各指标考虑,南极磷虾在加工时,水煮温度应尽量控制在60 ℃、水煮时间不超过30 min,此时所得到的南极磷虾粉品质较好。  相似文献   
3.
Creep properties of 2D woven CVI and PIP SiC/SiC composites with Sylramic™-iBN SiC fibers were measured at temperatures to 1650 °C in air and the data was compared with the literature. Batch-to-batch variations in the tensile and creep properties, and thermal treatment effects on creep, creep parameters, damage mechanisms, and failure modes for these composites were studied. Under the test conditions, the CVI SiC/SiC composites exhibited both matrix and fiber-dominated creep depending on stress, whereas the PIP SiC/SiC composites displayed only fiber-dominated creep. Creep durability in both composite systems is controlled by the most creep resistant phase as well as oxidation of the fibers via cracking matrix. Specimen-to- specimen variations in porosity and stress raisers caused significant differences in creep behavior and durability. The Larson-Miller parameter and Monkman-Grant relationship were used wherever applicable for analyzing and predicting creep durability.  相似文献   
4.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(4):4722-4731
In recent years, phase change material emulsions (PCMEs) with enhanced energy storage capacities and good flow characteristics have drawn significant attention. However, due to the thermodynamically unstable nature and tiny particle confinement, the nanomaterial modification strategies at PCM/water interface to improve stabilities and reduce supercooling of nano-sized PCMEs (NPCMEs) are very limited and challenging. Herein, we report a facile strategy for constructing MXene-decorated NPCME with good stability, little supercooling, and high thermal conductivity by self-assembly of MXene nanosheets at PCM/water interface. The concentrations of MXene have great influences on the average droplet diameters, stabilities, and thermophysical properties of the NPCMEs. The results show that the PCMs have been well dispersed into the water in the form of quasi-spherical droplets, with average droplet diameters of 242–805 nm. The thermal conductivity of 10 wt% n-tetradecane/water NPCME containing 9 mg ml-1 MXene is 0.693 W m-1·K-1, achieving an enhancement by 15.5%, as compared to that of water. Besides, the MXene-decorated paraffin/water NPCMEs exhibit little supercooling and enhanced heat storage capacities. More importantly, this facile self-assembly strategy opens a new platform for preparing high-performance NPCMEs, which can be used as novel heat transfer fluids for thermal energy storage systems.  相似文献   
5.
It is highly challenging to fabricate bioceramic scaffolds mimicking architecture and mechanical strength of cancellous bone. Gyroid structure, which is based on triply periodic minimal surface, highly resembles the architecture of cancellous bone. Herein, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramic scaffolds with gyroid structure were fabricated by stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing. The SLA 3D printing ensured high precision of ceramic part. The porosity (51–87%), pore size (250 – 2400 µm), pore wall thickness (< 300 µm) and compressive strength (0.6 – 16.8 MPa) of gyroid bioceramic scaffolds were readily adjusted to match various sites of cancellous bone. The gyroid bioceramic scaffolds were more favorable for cell proliferation than the grid-like bioceramic scaffolds. The cancellous-bone-mimicking gyroid bioceramic scaffolds with tunable architecture and mechanical strength were expected to efficiently repair the target bone defects.  相似文献   
6.
Mn4+激活红光荧光粉是白光半导体发光二极管(wLEDs)领域当前研究热点之一。Mn4+离子2E→4A2跃迁在铝酸盐中的最短发光波长是在MgAl2O4中实现的651 nm发光, 由于其结构中含有形成四面体或八面体配位的两种阳离子格位(Mg2+/Al3+), 易造成所掺杂锰元素存在多种价态(+2/+4/+3等)。本研究通过改变起始原料中Al2O3的晶型(γ/α比例)及退火处理来调控锰离子在MgAl2O4晶格中的占据格位, 对其主要存在价态实现调控。采用荧光光谱和紫外-可见-近红外漫反射光谱技术来表征所合成荧光粉中Mn离子的价态及其演变。研究发现, 高α/(α+γ)比铝源促进Mn2+形成, 而低α/(α+γ)比铝源促进Mn4+形成。通过使用高活性纳米γ-Al2O3为铝源, 有效抑制了锰离子在MgAl2O4中Mg2+格位的占据及Mn2+离子的形成, 经空气中1550 ℃保温5 h的一次高温热处理即可制备出在可见光区只有Mn4+红光发光的高纯高亮度MgAl2O4:Mn4+荧光粉。氧化铝晶型影响锰离子掺杂格位和掺杂价态的本质规律是: 氧化铝活性决定实际固溶掺杂反应步骤, 进而影响锰离子掺杂格位和价态。本研究提出的反应步骤调控作为反应气氛、电荷补偿剂、反应温度三种调控方法外的一种新方法, 为Mn4+激活铝酸盐荧光粉中锰离子掺杂价态调控提供了新思路。  相似文献   
7.
艺术字体渲染是媒体排版的重要技术之一.如何提供一种高效的艺术字体渲染方法来实现生成艺术字体的特效多样化与清晰化是亟待解决的问题.本文借助条件生成式对抗网络(Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks,CGAN),提出一个包括风格化处理和清晰化处理的二阶段式艺术字体渲染方法,对字体实现高效的特定效果渲染.首先,风格化处理是通过构建风格化网络模型对多样化的字体进行各种不同的2D或3D特效渲染;然后,构建清晰化网络模型对生成的艺术字体图进行清晰化处理,这克服了单一GAN网络生成图模糊的缺陷.实验结果表明,二阶段式艺术字体渲染方法所生成的特效字体的纹理细节较为丰富,不受限于文字骨架,而且字体清晰度也得到较大提升;同时,该方法对字体的特效渲染批量化处理效率也明显提高,具有较强实用价值.  相似文献   
8.
Wu  Jiangtao  Yang  Lingxu  Liu  Huijun  Bu  Huanpeng  Wang  Wenjun  Zeng  Chaoliu  Zhu  Shenglong 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2022,52(11):1563-1572

The Na1+xAlxTi2?x(PO4)3/C (x?=?0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20) composites serving as anode for aqueous sodium ion battery are successfully synthesized through a facile sol–gel route. The results indicate that introduction of proper amount of aluminum has no obvious effect on the structure and morphology of NaTi2(PO4)3/C. Among the four synthesized samples, Na1.1Al0.1Ti1.9(PO4)3/C (NATP-0.10) exhibits the best electrochemical performance. NATP-0.10 delivers a discharge specific capacity of 115.8, 106.9, 98.4, and 89.1 mAh g?1 at 2, 5, 10, and 20 C rate, respectively, and still retains 114.7 mAh g?1 when the current density comes back to 2 C. Additionally, NATP-0.10 exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 102.9 mAh g?1 and still retains a reversible capacity of 90.1 mAh g?1 at 10 C rate after 200 cycles. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate the better electrochemical performance of NATP-0.10 is due to the faster sodium migration and enhanced electrochemical kinetics.

Graphical abstract

Al doping Na1+xAlxTi2?x(PO4)3/C (x?=?0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20) composites were firstly used as anodes in aqueous SIBs. The electrochemical performance of NaTi2(PO4)3/C has been improved by introducing a proper amount of Al.

  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(7):9124-9133
The main obstacles in lithium-ion battery are limited by rate performance and the rapid capacity fading of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811). Herein, a novel three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical coating material has been fabricated by in situ growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surfaces of Ni–Al double oxide (Ni–Al-LDO) sheets (named as LDO&CNT) with Ni–Al double hydroxide (Ni–Al-LDH) as both the substrate and catalyst precursor. The resultant LDO&CNT nanocomposites are uniformly coated on the surfaces of NCM811 by the physical mixing method. The rate capability of the resultant cathode material retains to 78.80% at a current rate of 3C. Its capacity retention increases by 6.7–14.42% compared with pristine NCM811 after 100 cycles within a potential range of 2.75–4.3 V at 0.5C. The improved rate capability and cycle performance of NCM811 are assigned to the synergistic effects between Ni–Al-LDO and CNTs. The hierarchical LDO&CNT nanocomposites coating on the surface of NCM811 avoids the aggregation of conductive CNTs and the stacking of Ni–Al-LDO nanosheets. Furthermore, it accelerates Li+ and electrons shuttle and reduces the reaction of Li2O with H2O and CO2 in air, which results in Li2CO3 and LiOH alkali formation on the NCM811 surface.  相似文献   
10.
The oxidation property of SiC-B4C-xAl2O3 (x ranges from 0 wt% to 30 wt%) ceramics was studied in air at 1400 ℃. Results show that the porous oxide layer becomes dense and smooth with addition of Al2O3. When the content of Al2O3 is proper, the DOP (degree of polymerization) of borosilicate network can be improved with increase of Al2O3 content, inhibiting the migration of atoms and molecular groups. With that, the crystallization of SiO2 and volatilization of B2O3 can be restrained. When the content of Al2O3 is excessive, the DOP of borosilicate network will be decreased, deteriorating the oxide layer morphology. It is believed that the damage of borosilicate network by excess Al2O3 should be responsible for this phenomenon. In this research, the SiC-B4C ceramic with optimal oxidation resistant can be obtained when the content of Al2O3 is 15 wt%.  相似文献   
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