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1.
《中国稀土学报(英文版)》2019,37(7):760-766
A novel process of calcification-leaching for bastnaesite concentrate(REFCO_3) was proposed. The prior calcification was carried out in the system of NaOH-CaO-H_2O and the lgC-pH pattern for Ce-F-Ca-C-H_2O system was drawn. The thermodynamics result indicates that decomposition for bastnaesite requires certain alkaline condition, but excessive alkalinity also causes decomposition of CaF_2. XRD and SEM-EDS analyses on the calcification-leaching process reveal that bastnaesite first decomposes into RE(OH)_3 and CaF_2. Then, by HCl leaching rare earths were extracted,while CaF_2 was left in the leaching residue. In addition, effects of temperature, time, NaOH and CaO on the calcification were investigated. The results show that the leaching rate of rare earths(REs)reaches 72.5 wt%, at the same time 99.2 wt% of F is left in leaching residue with 20 wt% NaOH and 38 wt% CaO at 493 K for 180 min. 相似文献
2.
《Cold Regions Science and Technology》2006,44(3):225-239
The crushed-rock layer is a highly porous medium that has been used to ensure the stability of embankment in permafrost regions. At present, depending on different boundary conditions (impermeable and permeable) of crushed-rock layer in embankment, the crushed-rock embankments are divided into two kinds of structures in the construction of Qinghai–Tibetan railway in China. One is a closed-boundary crushed-rock embankment; the other is an open-boundary crushed-rock embankment. In order to investigate the influence of boundary conditions (impermeable and permeable) on the cooling effect of a crushed-rock embankment, two numerical models of the unsteady two-dimensional hydrokinetic equations for incompressible fluid are presented to analyze the velocity and temperature characteristics of crushed-rock embankment with different embankment heights under impermeable and permeable boundary conditions for a period of 50 years. The results indicate: (1) the boundary conditions (impermeable and permeable) of crushed-rock embankment can have a very large impact on the heat transfer pattern within it in windy permafrost regions of Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. The cooling effect of the closed crushed-rock embankment mainly relies on natural convection within crushed-rock layer, which is caused by the thermal boundary condition, but the cooling effect of the open crushed-rock embankment is due to the heat transfer enhancement because of internal forced convection induced by the external low temperature air flow (wind); (2) from the temperature distributions of crushed-rock embankments, it can be found that, under the assumption that the air temperature will be warmed up by 2.6 °C in a period of 50 years and in the areas where the mean annual air temperature is − 4.0 °C, when embankment is low, the cooling effects of crushed-rock embankment have no obvious difference under the two boundary conditions, and the cooling effect of closed crushed-rock embankment is only a little better than that of open one; however, when embankment is high, the boundary conditions cause a distinct influence on the temperature distribution of crushed-rock embankment, and the cooling effect under the permeable boundary condition is far better than that under the impermeable boundary condition. However, the asymmetric temperature distribution problem of the high crushed-rock embankment, caused by permeable boundary and external wind, must be considered when it is designed and constructed. 相似文献
3.
针对红外图像存在的加性、乘性及混合噪声,采用从图像中截取图像块,再用图像块的线性结合对原图像进行去噪,总体最小二乘算法用来求解其中的系数向量,充分考虑了噪声图像中存在的不确定性,通过这组系数得到去噪后的红外图像.在对像素点空间关系权重的求解上,采用模糊核聚类算法将红外图像粗略进行聚类,归为同一类的像素点之间存在较强空间约束关系,否则认为它们之间存在较弱空间约束.通过与维纳滤波算法比较,仿真结果证明了总体最小二乘去噪算法在红外图像的视觉质量和信噪比改善两个方面的有效性.最后通过比较无噪红外图像与去噪红外图像的直方图表明总体最小二乘去噪算法的优越性. 相似文献
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介绍了氟含量的4种检测方法在牙膏分析领域的应用进展,目的是为在不同实验条件下选择准确、简便、快速测定牙膏中氟含量的检测方法提供借鉴。 相似文献
8.
根据经验数据初步设计离心式驱动器叶轮,用CATIA软件建立其实体模型并利用FLUENT软件进行流场分析,得出流量-压力、流量-效率曲线图。分析表明:当叶轮转速为5 500 r/min、流量在12～30 L/min内时,流体压力可超过26.6 kPa(200 mmHg),工作效率可达80%以上。并利用流体质点速度分析影响效率的主要因素。 相似文献
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(17):25049-25055
Recently, composite materials with outstanding absorption properties, like extraordinary absorbing capability, light weight, and thin in size, are required to solve the challenges of electromagnetic pollution. In addition, most of the work is based on the optimization of absorber material structure, and microstructure. In the current work, we improved the reflection loss feature of Bi0.5Nd0.5FeO3 nanopowders via decoration with polyindole polymer by tuning the filler loading of the nanocomposite in the matrix. XRD, UV–Vis, XPS, and FESEM were used to determine the physicochemical features of the as-prepared nanocomposite. The minimum RL was lowered further with the increasing filler loading at 25 wt%. The lower RL of ?22 dB was noticed for 2.2 mm thickness at 11.5 GHz. The maximum value of the SER for a 25 wt% sample was 5.5, whereas 19 dB and 24.5 dB values were recorded for SEA and SET, respectively. The resonance peak above 11.5 GHz demonstrated the better outcome of the absorber at high frequency. Good impedance matching characteristics, conductive features, dielectrics, and magnetic losses were all credited with the excellent reflection loss and electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency. The as-prepared nanocomposite materials that have been proven are interesting prospects for electromagnetic reflection loss and interference shielding that is lightweight, flexible, and extremely effective. 相似文献
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