A new class of corrosion inhibitors for waterborne coatings: 4-methyl-γ-oxo-benzene-butanoic acid complexes

Amine and transition metal based complexes with 4-methyl-γ-oxo-benzene-butanoic acid represent a new class of corrosion inhibitors specifically designed for long-term corrosion protection in waterborne coatings. Today, corrosion protection in waterborne technology is typically achieved using traditional anticorrosive pigments initially developed for use in solventborne coatings. Regulations concerning heavy metals and limitations regarding the compatibility and performance of such materials in waterborne coatings have created a need for novel approaches. Mechanistic aspects are discussed for the 4-methyl-γ-oxo-benzene-butanoic complexes based on electrochemical solution experiments (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV)) and investigations performed on coated substrates. Exposure results underline the high efficiency of such complexes for both long-term corrosion protection and weld seam rust control in waterborne coatings.     

乙烯基-β-紫罗兰醇的合成

以氯乙烯和金属镁为原料,反应制得格氏试剂乙烯基氯化镁;再与β-紫罗兰酮发生加成反应得到合成维生素A的重要中间体乙烯基-β-紫罗兰醇。通过对反应条件和工艺的研究和优化,确定了最佳工艺条件为：金属镁与β-紫罗兰酮的摩尔比为1.3∶1.0,滴加β-紫罗兰酮的温度为0~5℃,在反应温度20~25℃时继续反应3~4h,得到乙烯基-β-紫罗兰醇的收率为98.0%,气相色谱（GC）分析含量为92.5%。该工艺条件得到了实验室放大的验证。     

Effect of Si/Fe ratio on the boron and phosphorus doping efficiency of β-FeSi2 by magnetron sputtering

Boron-doped or phosphorus-doped β-FeSi₂ thin films have been prepared on silicon substrate by magnetron sputtering. Effects of Si/Fe ratio on the boron and phosphorus doping efficiencies have been studied from the resistivities of doped β-FeSi₂ thin films and current-voltage characteristics of doped β-FeSi₂/Si heterojunctions. The experimental results reveal that the carrier concentration and doping efficiency of boron or phosphorus dopants at the Fe-rich side are higher than that at the Si-rich side. The effect of Si/Fe ratio can be deduced from the comparison of the formation energies under two extreme conditions. At the Fe-rich limit condition, the formation energy of boron or phosphorous doping is lower than that at the Si-rich condition. Therefore, the activation of impurities is more effective at the Fe-rich side. These results demonstrate that the boron-doped and phosphorous-doped β-FeSi₂ thin films should be kept at the Fe-rich side to avoid the unexpected doping sites and low doping efficiency.     

拓扑集成指数与TIBO类衍生物构效关系的研究

4H-甲基咪唑苯二氮(?)酮(TIBO)类衍生物是抗爱滋病的一种新药,分子连接性指数是经证明应用广泛、较为成功的一种指数,本文定义并计算了TIBO类衍生物原子的特征值δi,利用量子化学计算方法,建构新的拓扑集成指数G和分子连接性指数mX,基于多元回归技术建立的对TIBO类衍生物药物的油水分配系数,作出精确估算和预测的定量结构-活性相关关系,得到的多元回归方程为:logP=0.782 G-0.1430X 0.2312X-3.829,估算的平均相对误差为2.53%。为了检验模型的稳定性和预测能力,做了留一法交互校验,预测平均相对误差为3.40%。该模型相关系数高,稳定性好,预测能力强。     

天然食用玉米黄色素的研究

由玉米淀粉厂的副产品──黄蛋白粉提制的食用玉米黄色素是一种油溶性色素。提取率６％左右，最大吸收峰４４６ｎｍ左右，稀溶液呈柠檬黄色。本色素的１％溶液对太阳光较敏感，但在４０℃下较稳定。在低温下或添加到固体食品中稳定性很好。它安全、无毒。而且是β－胡罗卜素类物质，对调节人体代谢有积极作用。该色素可用于人造奶油、糖果、糕点等方面的食品着色。     

Influence of the Preparation Method on the Physicochemical Properties of Tolbutamide/Cyclodextrin Binary Systems

Tolbutamide (TBM) was found to form an inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in solution and in solid state. Inclusion complex formation between tolbutamide and β-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution was studied by phase solubility and spectral shift methods. The apparent stability constant K_s calculated by these techniques, in water, were estimated as 195.7 and 236.5 M^?1, respectively. The phase solubility studies revealed a B_S-type diagram with an inclusion complex of 1:2 molar ratio. The solid inclusion complexes of TBM and β-CD were prepared at a molar ratio of 1:2 by kneading, coprecipitation, freeze-drying, and spray-drying methods. In addition, the physical mixture was prepared. Characterization of TBM:β-CD inclusion was performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry and by application of a so-called ether wash method. All the inclusion systems investigated led to a significant improvement in the dissolution over free TBM, and the dissolution rate of the active material was observed to be independent of the preparation method.     

Artesunate-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles: Preparation,characterization, and in vivo studies

Artesunate (AST), the most widely used artemisnin derivative, has poor aqueous solubility and suffers from low oral bioavailability (~40%). Under these conditions, nanoparticles with controlled and sustained released properties can be a suitable solution for improving its biopharmaceuticals properties. This work reports the preparation and characterization of auto-assembled chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles loaded with AST and AST complexed with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to boost its antimalarial activity. The nanoparticles prepared by direct injection of lecithin alcoholic solution into chitosan/water solution have shown the particle size distribution below 300?nm. Drug entrapment efficiency was found to be maximum (90%) for nanoparticles containing 100?mg of AST. Transmission electron microscopy images show spherical shape with contrasted corona (chitosan) surrounded by a lipidic core (lecithin + isopropyl myristate). Differential scanning calorimeter thermograms demonstrated the presence of drug in drug-loaded nanoparticles along with the disappearance of decomposition exotherm suggesting the increased physical stability of drug in prepared formulations. Negligible changes in the characteristic peaks of drug in Fourier-transform infrared spectra indicated the absence of any interaction among the various components entrapped in the nanoparticle formulation. In vitro drug release behavior was found to be influenced by pH value. Increased in vivo antimalarial activity in terms of less mean percent parasitemia was observed in infected Plasmodium berghei mice after the oral administration of all the prepared nanoparticle formulations.     

燕麦蛋白-葡聚糖湿热反应产物的功能性质研究

以燕麦蛋白质为研究对象,通过β-葡聚糖对其进行湿热复合改性。研究不同条件下,复合产物的功能性质随着反应条件的变化规律,并对工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,随着燕麦蛋白和β-葡聚糖湿热复合反应时间的延长,在中性至弱碱性pH条件下,采用不同比例燕麦蛋白和葡聚糖的复合产物功能性质都有了不同程度的改善,同时,接枝度变大,颜色逐渐变深。在100℃,pH9,反应物比例为1:1(w/w),反应120min的最佳工艺条件下,燕麦蛋白的溶解性提高到82%,复合物乳化性与乳化稳定性显著提高。     

裂褶菌产内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的分离纯化

采用不同饱和度的硫酸铵溶液对内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶粗酶液进行分段盐析,以确定最佳盐析条件,将盐析处理后的酶液经透析浓缩、DEAE-Sephadex A-50离子交换层析、Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤层析等进一步分离纯化,浓缩纯化后的含酶组分,经过SDS-PAGE电泳分析其纯度并初步确定其分子量。结果显示:经过纯化后的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的比活力由20.90U/mg提高到933.37U/mg,纯化倍数为44.7倍,酶活回收率为11.6%,电泳分析呈单一条带,分子量近似为45ku。     

离子液体[Bmim]Cl预处理对两种高结晶多糖酸水解的影响

以酵母β-葡聚糖和凝结多糖这两种高结晶多糖为研究对象,采用偏光显微镜、X射线衍射(XRD)和DNS法研究了离子液体[Bmim]Cl预处理对多糖结晶结构和酸水解效率的影响。XRD图谱分析发现,[Bmim]Cl预处理后酵母β-葡聚糖和凝结多糖的结晶度明显下降。离子液体[Bmim]Cl预处理酵母β-葡聚糖和凝结多糖显著提高其酸水解效率。在4mol/LTFA及100℃条件下,酵母β-葡聚糖(水解时间2h)和凝结多糖(水解时间3h)酸水解产物中还原糖的含量分别为84.36g/100g和96.07g/100g,明显高于未经离子液体处理的53.44g/100g和46.80g/100g。