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目的 研制百菌清(Chlorothalonil, CTN)残留快速检测阻断ELISA试剂盒(CTN-Kit), 并对其特性进行测定。方法 基于一株分泌抗CTN高亲和力的CTN单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody, mAb), 应用阻断ELISA试验原理研制CTN-Kit。结果 CTN-Kit的标准曲线呈典型的S型, 相关系数R2=0.9922, 符合4参数logit曲线拟合, 线性检测范围为1.03~845.46 μg/L, 灵敏度为2.5 μg/L, 半数抑制浓度(IC50)为29.44 μg/L, 检测限为3.0 μg/L; 黄瓜样和番茄样的平均添加回收率分别为92.0%、94.0%, 平均批内和批间变异系数均低于10%; CTN-Kit与五氯硝基苯的交叉反应率(CR%)为1.7%, 与其他竞争物几乎没有反应性; 试剂盒在4 ℃可保存6个月以上。结论 CTN-Kit灵敏度高、准确性、重现性好, 可用于农产品中CTN的残留检测。  相似文献   
2.
目的建立气相色谱法(gas chromatography,GC)和液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)测定油麦菜及土壤中百菌清及4-羟基百菌清残留的方法,同时研究油麦菜及土壤中百菌清及4-羟基百菌清的残留降解规律。方法油麦菜和土壤中的百菌清分别采用乙腈溶液匀浆提取和振荡提取,使用固相萃取柱净化,气相色谱法带电子捕获检测器测定;油麦菜和土壤中的4-羟基百菌清分别采用乙腈溶液匀浆提取和振荡提取,氮吹至近干用甲醇复溶后过0.2μm滤膜净化,进LC-MS/MS测定分析。结果在0.01~5 mg/L范围内,百菌清及4-羟基百菌清均线性良好;在添加量均为0.01~1 mg/kg时,百菌清在油麦菜和土中的添加平均回收率分别为78.5%~79.8%、79.2%~82.4%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)分别为3.01%~7.21%、5.06%~5.95%。4-羟基百菌清在油麦菜和土中的添加平均回收率分别为96.2%~116.7%、102.1%~113.9%,RSD分别为4.57%~6.22%、2.99%~4.57%。百菌清及4-羟基百菌清在油麦菜及土壤中的消解动态均符合方程C_t=C_(0e)~(-kt):百菌清在油麦菜中的半衰期为1.7 d,在土壤中半衰期为7.5 d,4-羟基百菌清在油麦菜中的半衰期为2.0 d,在土壤中半衰期为7.5 d。结论该方法简单快速,可同时测定百菌清及其代谢物,上述结果可为今后安全、合理、高效使用百菌清提供一定的参考价值。  相似文献   
3.
刘宁 《现代仪器》2012,18(3):104-106
建立固相萃取-气相色谱法(SPE-GC)测定水中百菌清、七氯、环氧七氯含量的方法。水样经固相萃取柱富集后,进入配有DB-5(30m×320μm×0.25μm)毛细管色谱柱的带ECD检测器的气相色谱中进行测定。测定方法检出限分别为百菌清:0.014μg/L,七氯:0.023μg/L,环氧七氯:0.022μg/L,加标回收率为80.0%-113.4%,相对标准偏差为2.0%-11.7%。  相似文献   
4.
The effect of different kinds of pesticide residues in grapes on alcoholic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was evaluated. Among four types of pesticides added into the grape slurry, omethoate, triadimefon and cyhalothrin did not inhibit the alcoholic fermentation at their proposed spraying concentration of 0.21, 0.10 and 0.10 g L−1, respectively, whereas chlorothalonil concentration above 0.03 g L−1 behaved significantly negative influence on both S. cerevisiae growth and alcoholic fermentation efficiency. When the chlorothalonil concentration was lower than 0.01 g L−1, the fermentation proceeded smoothly without any degradation of chlorothalonil. Considering the cumulative toxicity and adverse effect of chlorothalonil on fermentation, chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase (Chd) extracellularly expressed from the recombinant Bacillus subtilis WB800 was used to pretreat the chlorothalonil-contaminated grape slurry. After treatment by the Chd enzyme in an activity of 7.25 mU L−1 slurry for 60 min, the inhibition effect could be substantially eliminated even at an initial concentration of 0.10 g L−1 chlorothalonil. This study provides a potential approach for solving the conflict in fermentation industry with pesticides inhibition.  相似文献   
5.
建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法检测蔬菜中百菌清残留的分析方法。样品用乙腈-水-磷酸混合液提取,经液液分配、Florisil/Na2SO4柱净化后过滤膜上机。采用选择离子扫描方式,外标法定量。通过优化前处理和上机条件,在最优条件下进行测试,实验结果百菌清的定量检出限为0.001mg/kg,在加标水平0.005~0.1mg/kg范围内,回收率为78.65%~90.67%,相对标准偏差为3.5%~5.8%。该方法简便、快速、净化效果理想,能满足残留分析的要求,可用于进出口蔬菜中百菌清残留的检测。  相似文献   
6.
Pesticides are typically applied as mixtures and or sequentially to soil and plants during crop production. A common scenario is herbicide application at planting followed by sequential fungicide applications post-emergence. Fungicides depending on their spectrum of activity may alter and impact soil microbial communities. Thus there is a potential to impact soil processes responsible for herbicide degradation. This may change herbicide efficacy and environmental fate characteristics. Our study objective was to determine the effects of 4 peanut fungicides, chlorothalonil (2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1,3-benzenedicarbonitrile), tebuconazole (α-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol), flutriafol (α-(2-fluorophenyl)-α-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol), and cyproconazole (α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(1-cyclopropylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) on the dissipation kinetics of the herbicide, metolachlor (2-chloro-N-(6-ethyl-o-tolyl)-N-[(1RS)-2-methoxy-1-methylethyl]acetamide), and on the soil microbial community. This was done through laboratory incubation of field treated soil. Chlorothalonil significantly reduced metolachlor soil dissipation as compared to the non-treated control or soil treated with the other fungicides. Metolachlor DT50 was 99 days for chlorothalonil-treated soil and 56, 45, 53, and 46 days for control, tebuconazole, flutriafol, and cyproconazole-treated soils, respectively. Significant reductions in predominant metolachlor metabolites, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (MESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (MOA), produced by oxidation of glutathione-metolachlor conjugates were also observed in chlorothalonil-treated soil. This suggested that the fungicide impacted soil glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. Fungicide DT50 was 27-80 days but impacts on the soil microbial community as indicated by lipid biomarker analysis were minimal. Overall study results indicated that chlorothalonil has the potential to substantially increase soil persistence (2-fold) of metolachlor and alter fate and transport processes. GST mediated metabolism is common pesticide detoxification process in soil; thus there are implications for the fate of many active ingredients.  相似文献   
7.
凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱法测定蔬菜中百菌清残留   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
李伟  许华  常宇文 《现代仪器》2006,12(6):69-70,68
本文采用气相色谱(GC)附ECD检测器,对蔬菜中百菌清进行定量分析。分别比较弗罗里硅土、活性炭和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)三种方法去除蔬菜样品色素,确定采用凝胶渗透净化色谱法(GPC)去除蔬菜样品中色素等杂质,样品处理过程简便,回收率较高。  相似文献   
8.
Pesticide residue removal from vegetables by ozonation   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
A novel machine was developed to remove pesticide residues from vegetables using ozone. This domestic-scale vegetable cleaner consists of a closed cleaning chamber, an ozone generator, a water recirculation pump, and an oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) electrode. Two vegetables, Chinese white cabbage and green-stem bok choy, and three pesticides, permethrin (trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), chlorfluazuron (1-[3,5-dichloro-4-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyloxy)phenyl]-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl) urea), and chlorothalonil (tetrachloroisophthalonitrile) were used in tests. Cleaning for 15 min with pump recirculation removed 51% of chlorfluazuron and 53% of chlorothalonil. When the ozone production rate was 250 mg/h, removal efficiencies were 60% for chlorfluazuron and 55% for chlorothalonil, increases of 2–9% over pump recirculation only. When the ozone production rate was 500 mg/h, removal efficiencies were 75% for chlorfluazuron and 77% for chlorothalonil; increases of 24% over pump recirculation only. After the ozone treatment, all the pesticide residuals met the Standards for Pesticide Residue Limits in Foods.  相似文献   
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