聚邻苯二胺膜在不锈钢表面上的电化学行为研究

在NaOH碱性条件下利用循环伏安法于不锈钢表面上制备了聚邻苯二胺薄膜，并对其在不锈钢表面上的电化学行为进行了研究.结果表明，该膜呈棕色，且表面均匀，与基底附着力强；在3%NaCl 溶液中的极化曲线表明聚邻苯二胺薄膜在一定程度上能有效提高不锈钢表面的耐蚀性能；在碱性介质中制备的聚邻苯二胺膜显示出一定的电活性，且随着NaOH浓度的提高，其电活性也有一定的提高.      

污泥中总磷测定方法的探讨

污泥样品与氢氧化钠熔融,使污泥中含磷有机化合物全部转化为可溶性的正磷酸盐,然后测定污泥中的总磷含量.此方法方便易行,平行性好,准确度高,可作为测定污泥中总磷的标准方法.     

Influence of the preparation conditions on the properties of gold catalysts for the oxidation of glucose

In this work, two deposition–precipitation methods for the preparation of gold catalysts for glucose oxidation were investigated. Thus far, gold colloids immobilized on carbon have been used for catalytic glucose oxidation, but the long-term stability of these systems was not sufficient. To improve the long-term stability we used the deposition–precipitation methods using NaOH (DP NaOH) or urea (DP urea) as precipitation agents as they were described by Haruta and Dekkers, respectively, using alumina as a support material. With these methods, it was possible to prepare highly active and selective catalysts which showed an excellent long-term stability. DP urea was found to be the preferred method, because in contrast to DP NaOH, no losses of gold occurred during the preparation, and it was possible to adjust various gold contents up to 10 wt% Au.     

天然纤维素的溶解技术及其进展

本文系统介绍了近年来天然纤维素的溶解技术及其进展。内容包括天然纤维素的制备与分离、天然纤维素的溶解机理及所用的溶剂、天然纤维素溶解技术的发展趋势等。     

NaOH溶液处理对鸡肉品质的影响

为研究NaOH溶液处理对鸡肉品质的影响,选取市售黄羽肉鸡60 只,随机分为对照组和NaOH溶液浸泡组（pH 9组、pH 11组和pH 13组,每组15 只）,并对其进行肉品质和微生物指标检测。结果表明：NaOH溶液浸泡可以显著增加鸡肉的质量和腐败指标（总挥发性盐基氮、组胺、酪胺和亚精胺）含量（P＜0.05）,显著降低剪切力、风味营养物质（蛋白质、肌内脂肪、肌苷酸和氨基酸）含量（P＜0.05）;低pH值NaOH溶液浸泡的鸡肉,其菌落总数和大肠菌群数明显升高,而高pH值NaOH溶液具有一定的杀菌效果。     

膜生物反应器中污泥EPS的提取方法

采用七种方法（热、酸、碱处理等）提取MBR（Membrane Bioreactor）中污泥EPS（extracellular polymeric substances）,研究了这些方法对于污泥EPS的最佳提取条件。在综合考虑各种方法的精确性、操作简易度、提取效果、对污泥细胞的破坏程度后,确定EDTA二钠提取（浓度2%,3h）和热提取（80℃,45min）是最简便有效的两种提取方法。NaOH提取（1mol.L^-1,2h）对污泥细胞具有很大的破坏作用,投加甲醛（浓度2%,2h）之后提取核酸含量减少了21.5%,降低了NaOH溶液提取对于细胞的破坏作用。     

氢氧化钠/尿素/硫脲溶剂体系对纤维素溶解性能研究

通过设计正交实验,研究不同组成的氢氧化钠/尿素/硫脲溶剂体系对纤维素的溶解性能,确定了该溶剂体系中各组分的最佳含量,并通过X-射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析、热重分析等手段,表征了该溶剂体系获得的再生纤维素膜的结构和性能。结果表明:该溶剂体系对纤维素有良好的溶解性能,且溶解的纤维素再生后为纤维素Ⅱ,但其热稳定性低于原纤维素。     

Enhanced saccharification of corn straw pretreated by alkali combining crude ligninolytic enzymes

BACKGROUND: This work investigated the monokaryogenesis of dikaryon strains of Trametes hirsuta by protoplasts regeneration for extracellular ligninolytic enzyme production. Saccharification of corn straw was enhanced by alkali pretreatment combining crude ligninolytic enzymes. RESULTS: Effectiveness of alkali pretreatment of corn straw on delignification was evaluated under different concentrations. About 45% lignin loss was achieved at the concentration of 1.5% NaOH. In addition, 79.0% sugar yield was obtained after combined pretreatment with NaOH and crude ligninolytic enzyme produced from monokaryotic strains of Trametes hirsuta. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the porosity and surface area increased significantly after combined pretreatment. The FTIR spectra indicated that great intensity changes occurred at the 890–900 cm^?1, 1509–1513 cm^?1 and 1595 cm^?1 bands. CONCLUSION: The proposed combined pretreatment removes lignin and enhances saccharification of corn straw effectively. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

以氢氧化钾替代氢氧化钠解决漏氯吸收装置碱液冬季结晶技术

针对保定中法供水有限公司原漏氯吸收装置中的中和碱液氢氧化钠,在空气中会吸收二氧化碳生成部分碳酸钠,形成大量结晶物,阻塞管道及泵腔,严重影响漏氯吸收装置运行的问题,找到了氢氧化钠的替代物氢氯化钾。实验结果表明,氢氯化钾在低温时能够有较高的溶解度,在空气中吸收二氧化碳之后生成的新物质,在低温和强碱环境中仍能拥有较高的溶解度,同时仍呈碱性并保持对氯的足够吸收能力。