木片筛余物高得率半化学法清洁制浆技术研究

以太阳纸业备料车间木片筛选碎料（筛余物）为原料，对其烧碱法半化学制浆的实验室工艺和生产试验进行了研究。结果表明，筛余物采用半化学法制浆可获得较高得率和环压强度的纸浆，且用碱量对纸浆性能有显著影响。相对8%NaOH （相对于绝干原料）化学预处理，采用14%NaOH化学预处理结合两段浆浓22%的高浓磨浆工艺，所制半化学浆抄造浆张的裂断长和环压指数分别达2.89 km和9.76 N·m/g，是前者的1.9倍和1.2倍，而且优于现用国内OCC废纸浆抄造浆张；生产试验得到的浆张性能指标与实验室相吻合，其中紧度和环压强度分别达到GB/T 13023—2008瓦楞芯（原）纸AA级和A级优等品要求。     

制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制技术理论与实践

制浆造纸行业是我国水污染防治的重点,减排任务艰巨。在环境倒逼下,造纸行业加快淘汰落后产能和完善末端治理技术,污染控制取得了初步成效。但随着国家和地方环境治理由浓度控制走向总量控制、质量控制,原有技术的局限性难以满足解决水污染的更高要求,必须创新污染防治方法。本文介绍了制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制的基本理论和内涵,并结合化学法制浆、化学机械法制浆、废纸制浆与造纸过程水污染防治工程实践,提出了解决制浆造纸行业水污染的对策,为推动行业绿色转型升级和高质量发展提供了支撑。     

Soluble dietary fibres from sugarcane bagasse

Soluble dietary fibres from sugarcane bagasse were extracted under alkaline conditions and characterised. Precipitated fibres were dialysed, and the fibre composition was evaluated before and after the dialysis step. Compositional analysis indicated that the fibres both before and after dialysis consisted of 39% w/w total sugars, 16% w/w protein, 10% w/w Klason lignin and 30% w/w ash. Xylose was the main neutral sugar followed by arabinose with glucose, galactose and uronic acids also present in all samples. The structural properties were also spectroscopically examined, which confirmed the presence of arabinoxylans. Macromolecular characterisation revealed that molecular weight is reduced after dialysis, indicating that a range of dietary fibres with different macromolecular characteristics may be obtained depending on the specific processing steps. The present work shows that soluble arabinoxylans may be obtained from sugarcane agricultural wastes that may be used as a source of novel dietary fibres.     

Moulded pulp products manufacturing with thermoforming

For an effective optimization of pulp thermoforming and of the moulded pulp products manufactured by this process, a full understanding of the process physics combined with full knowledge of the pressing equipment is necessary. For this reason, in this Addendum, we clarify how the process parameters “Holding time,” “Vacuum time,” “Cycle time,” and “Temperature” were interpreted and subsequently defined for the analysis of the process and product‐related outputs of the thermoforming experiments.     

Enhancing saccharification of Agave tequilana bagasse by oxidative delignification and enzymatic synergism for the production of hydrogen and methane

Agave tequilana bagasse is a suitable lignocellulosic residue for energy production. However, the presence of lignin and the heterogeneous structure of hemicellulose may hinder the availability of polysaccharides. In this work, the pretreatment of A. tequilana bagasse with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) followed by enzymatic saccharification with hemicellulases and cellulases was assessed for the removal of lignin and extraction of fermentable sugars, respectively. Results of the AHP pretreatment indicated that it is possible to attain up to 97% delignification and recover 88% of cellulose and hemicellulose after only 1.5 h of treatment. Regarding the saccharification process, the total sugar yield and productivity were both increased by 2-fold using an enzymatic mixture (cellulases + hemicellulases) compared to single enzyme hydrolysis (cellulases), evidencing synergism. Further evaluation of the hydrolyzates as substrate for hydrogen and methane production, resulted in yields 1.5 and 3.6-times (215.14 ± 13 L H₂ and 393.4 ± 13 L CH₄ per kg bagasse, respectively) superior to those obtained with hydrolyzates of non-pretreated bagasse processed with a single enzyme. Overall, using AHP pretreatment and subsequent hydrolysis with enzymatic mixtures improves the saccharification of A. tequilana bagasse enhancing the production of hydrogen and methane.     

化学方法消除制浆造纸厂恶臭气体

介绍了制浆造纸厂恶臭气体来源,分析了恶臭气体组成成分,并阐述了消除恶臭气体的化学方法,以期为制浆造纸工业消除恶臭气体提供指导。     

纸浆漂白用二氧化氯制备方法及国产化

纸浆漂白采用二氧化氯为漂剂具有得率高、白度高、漂白废水色度和毒性低的特点,是化学纸浆无元素氯(ECF)漂白技术的主流漂白剂。本文主要阐述了二氧化氯发展历程和制备方法,比较了甲醇法和综合法的二氧化氯生产工艺与成本,介绍了国内目前制浆漂白用二氧化氯制备工艺及应用情况。     

CO2辅助挤压对马铃薯渣可溶性膳食纤维的影响

以马铃薯渣为原料,研究CO2辅助挤压各工艺条件对马铃薯渣可溶性膳食纤维的影响。结合马铃薯渣颜色、持水力、持油力和膨胀力的变化,得出CO2辅助挤压最佳工艺参数为:CO2发生剂柠檬酸与碳酸氢钠添加质量比为1∶1、添加量30%(质量分数)、挤压温度185℃、物料含水量25%(质量分数)、螺杆转速170 r/min。在此工艺条件下,挤压所得马铃薯渣可溶性膳食纤维含量较高,色泽较好,水合特性得到较好地保持,可为马铃薯渣膳食纤维的改性提供参考。     

Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophobic Bagasse Hemicellulose-based Films

To improve the hydrophobicity of bagasse hemicellulose-based films, glutaraldehyde was applied when preparing films of original and cationic bagasse hemicellulose with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol and sorbitol. The results showed that the cationic modification could increase the hydrophobicity of the hemicellulose-based film, and the hydrophobicity of hemicellulose-based films crosslinked with glutaraldehyde also increased. However, cationic modification of hemicellulose decreased the stress of the hemicellulose-based film. While crosslinking with glutaraldehyde increased the stress of both the original and cationic hemicellulose-based films. Macrophotography indicated that the film formability of the original hemicellulose was better than that of cationic hemicellulose. Through SEM observation, the degree of bonding of different components of the films was found to be increased due to crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. The crosslinking reaction between glutaraldehyde and hemicellulose was further confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy.