Development of low-alcohol isotonic beer by interrupted fermentation

Alcohol-free beer with isotonic properties is getting more popular and its production can be carried out by different production strategies; however, interrupted fermentation is still a challenge. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a low-alcohol isotonic beer (<0.5% v/v) by interrupted fermentation. Moreover, the major objective is to compare the developed product to commercial beverages (sports drinks, ‘Pilsen' regular beer, alcohol-free beers and low-alcohol isotonic beer). The beverages were evaluated based on pH, alcohol content (% v/v), total titratable acidity (mEq L⁻¹), osmolality (mOsmol kg⁻¹), bitterness International Bitterness Units, colour European Brewery Convention, total phenolic compounds (mg L⁻¹ gallic acid), reducing and total sugars (%) and Na and K contents (mg L⁻¹). The developed low-alcohol isotonic beer presented characteristics similar to sports drinks, with the advantage of being richer in phenolic compounds and suitable osmolality. Despite salts were added in its formulation, the grades attributed to all beers employed in the sensory evaluation, as well as the purchase intention did not present significant differences.     

啤酒标签用铝箔力学性能研究

分析研究了连续铸轧坯料的合金成分，冶金组织和热处理工艺对啤酒标用铝箔力学性能的影响，选定成形性优良的合金系列，并优化铸轧工艺和热处理工艺是提高铝箔力学性能的关键。     

The Subjective and Reinforcing Effects of Visual and Olfactory Stimuli in Alcohol Drinking.

Nonpharmacological cues associated with drug intake may influence subjective and reinforcing effects of those drugs. Social drinkers (N = 80) participated in 2 sessions in which they rated and then consumed ad lib their preferred beer (with participants blind to brand). Visual and olfactory stimuli were obscured during 1 session (blocked) and not obscured during the other (unblocked). Dependent measures included ratings of "liking", "want another", and "desire to drink"; subjective mood; and ad lib beer consumption (reinforcement). Most ratings and ad lib consumption were lower during the blocked versus the unblocked condition. There were no interactions of blockade condition with sex and no effect of blockade on mood. These findings show that nonpharmacological stimuli associated with alcohol consumption influence alcohol's subjective and reinforcing effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Solubilisation and Degradation of Wheat Gluten Proteins by Barley Malt Proteolytic Enzymes

Solubilisation and degradation of wheat gluten proteins by barley malt proteolytic enzymes (BMPE) was investigated with a model buffer system at pH 4.0 and pH 5.6, representing optimal pH for proteolysis and a pH value typical for beer brewing conditions respectively. Under the experimental conditions, incubation of commercial wheat gluten with BMPE solubilised 70% and 20% of the gluten proteins at pH 4.0 and pH 5.6 respectively. Gel permeation chromatography profiles and SDS‐PAGE showed that wheat gluten proteins were more degraded by BMPE at pH 4.0 than at pH 5.6. In a laboratory scale barley malt brewing experiment, proteins of worts, prepared with and without wheat gluten, were characterised. Results comparable to those in the model buffer system at pH 5.6 were obtained, which indicated that BMPE indeed solubilise wheat gluten during mashing, but that further degradation is rather limited under these conditions.     

The Impact of Lightstruck and Stale Character in Beers on their Perceived Quality: A Consumer Study

The relative liking or disliking that beer drinkers have for characteristics generally regarded as off‐flavours by brewers, namely lightstruck and stale, has been explored in a consumer trial where products are presented branded and unbranded. Drinkers display a significant preference for fresh over lightstruck product, irrespective of branding. By contrast, drinkers seemed to be less clear about their liking or otherwise for stale character, although in this case they clearly prefer the branded product over the unbranded product when the beers are fresh and vice‐versa when the beer is aged. A stale version of a beer that consumers are familiar with fails to meet expectations for that product. Significant numbers of drinkers do declare a liking for lightstruck and aged character.     

啤酒中测定双乙酰含量的EBC法的改进

EBC法是测定啤酒双乙酰的常规方法,但大量报道此法再生性和重复性较差,本文对影响此方法的一些因素进行了考查,发现酸碱度是影响EBC法的一个重要因素,并对EBC法进行改进。     

PET啤酒瓶阻隔技术的研究进展与发展前景

综述近年来国内外对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）啤酒瓶的开发和应用，介绍了提高PET啤酒瓶阻隔性的方法，包括共混技术、多层技术和涂层技术等，讨论了各种阻隔技术的利弊。指出随着PET阻隔性能的进一步提高，生产成本将大幅度降低，PET啤酒瓶是今后啤酒瓶的主流。     

旋转闪蒸干燥器干燥酒糟过程的实验研究

为获得旋转闪蒸干燥器干燥啤酒糟过程的最佳操作工况,对不同操作条件下的啤酒糟含水质量分数进行了测试,依据实验数据关联出了啤酒糟含水质量分数的计算公式。在此基础上对干燥过程进行寻优计算,得出干燥器所能达到的最低含水质量分数为3.92%,与实际对比误差为2.08%。满足要求含水质量分数(小于8%),处理量为75 kg时能量消耗最低的操作参数为进风温度94.9℃、轴向风速4.46 m/s,175 kg时进风温度155.9℃、轴向风速3.29 m/s,与实际对比误差小于1.65%。     

乙酰丙酮分光光度法测定啤酒中甲醛

建立了检测啤酒中甲醛含量的新方法。在酸性条件下将溶解于水中的游离甲醛随水蒸出,馏出液中甲醛与乙酰丙酮作用,在100℃水浴中加热生成稳定的二乙酰基二氢吡啶化合物,冷却后在415nm处测吸光度,即可测的啤酒中甲醛含量。方法检出限为0.12μg/10mL,线性范围:0.0-8.0μg/10mL,RSD为0.73%-2.39%。样品加标回收率在98.4%-102.6%。该方法简便,灵敏度高,重线性好,适合啤酒中甲醛的测定。     

塑料啤酒瓶开发现状

介绍了塑料啤酒瓶的优点,详细介绍了各种以PET为基础的改性啤酒瓶材料,并列举了大量的开发实例。