Multiple Chemical Features Impact Biological Performance Diversity of a Highly Active Natural Product-Inspired Library

A systematic, diversity-oriented synthesis approach was employed to access a natural product-inspired flavonoid library with diverse chemical features, including chemical properties, scaffold, stereochemistry, and appendages. Using Cell Painting, the effects of these diversity elements were evaluated, and multiple chemical features that predict biological performance diversity were identified. Scaffold identity appears to be the dominant predictor of performance diversity, but stereochemistry and appendages also contribute to a lesser degree. In addition, the diversity of chemical properties contributed to performance diversity, and the driving chemical property was dependent on the scaffold. These results highlight the importance of key chemical features that may inform the creation of small-molecule, performance-diverse libraries to improve the efficiency and success of high-throughput screening campaigns.     

UPLC-UV-QDa联用系统快速分析野生樱桃李叶化学成分

采用UPLC-UV-QDa联用系统测定了4种不同野生樱桃李叶中黄酮苷元的含量,并对醇提物成分进行快速分析。结果表明,槲皮素和山奈酚为野生樱桃李叶主要黄酮苷元。UPLC测定2种苷元可在7.0min内达到基线分离,线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为98.65%(RSD=1.08%,n=3),102.02%(RSD=1.17%,n=3),表明该方法快速、准确、重复性好。不同品种和生长环境的野生樱桃李叶中黄酮苷元含量有差异,但均以山奈酚为主。阳坡紫果叶山奈酚含量最高为(7.68±0.45)mg/g,沟谷红果叶最低为(4.59±0.32)mg/g,总黄酮含量变化幅度为16.21～33.25 mg/g。通过UPLC-UV-QDa联用系统快速鉴别,阳坡紫果叶醇提物主成分为1种单咖啡酰奎宁酸、4种槲皮素苷、7种山奈酚苷。     

陈皮与普洱茶总黄酮的协同抗氧化作用研究

以大红柑柑普茶为原料,应用超声辅助法分别提取陈皮和普洱茶中的总黄酮,提取液经AB-8大孔树脂纯化,旋蒸浓缩得到待测液。将陈皮、普洱茶总黄酮按照浓度比3∶1、1∶1、1∶3混合,测定样品总黄酮溶液和VC对·OH、ABTS^+·和DPPH自由基清除能力和总还原力。结果表明,陈皮和普洱茶总黄酮均有较好的抗氧化作用,各复配组自由基清除率的IC50 mix均小于IC50add且在95%置信区间内有显著性差异,陈皮和普洱茶总黄酮相互作用指数(γ)在各组中均小于1,表明陈皮和普洱茶总黄酮具有协同抗氧化作用。     

黑色小扁豆中不同结合态酚类含量、花青素组成及其抗氧化活性研究

黑色小扁豆因含有丰富的营养素、微量营养素和植物化学物成分而受到研究者的关注。为深入了解小扁豆的营养价值,对小扁豆中不同结合形态的酚类化合物含量及其抗氧化活性(亚铁离子还原能力、DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS自由基清除能力)进行测定。结果表明,黑色小扁豆中不同存在形式的酚类提取物含量差异显著。酯键合态酚类提取物中含有较高的酚酸含量(1.61 mg/g),碱水解结合态酚类提取物具有较高的黄酮含量(1.07 mg/g)及抗氧化活性【亚铁离子还原能力(43.80 mmol/g)、DPPH自由基清除能力(2.13 mg/g)、ABTS清除能力(3.92 mg/g)】。对黑色小扁豆中存在的花青素进行提取和分析鉴定,其含有的花青素主要为飞燕草-3-O-(2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷)和矢车菊素衍生物。     

Naturally Occurring Polyphenolic Glucosidase Inhibitors

Polyphenols, which are abundantly distributed in plants such as fruits, vegetables, and tea, constitute a large group of aromatic compounds, mainly including phenolic acids and flavonoids. These natural metabolites have been demonstrated to possess a wide range of biological activities associated with health benefits, including the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In contrast to the classical α-glucosidase inhibitors, e.g., aza/imino sugars, polyphenols serve as a new type of α-glucosidase inhibitor with different, yet unknown, mechanisms of action, which could lead to novel dietary supplements and therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders. In this review, we report a collection of 137 naturally occurring phenolic acids and flavonoids with α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.     

黑豆皮多酚提取物抗氧化活性研究

以黑豆皮为原料,分别利用体积分数70%的甲醇、乙醇和丙酮作为提取溶剂进行多酚类物质提取,研究提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性。结果显示:丙酮提取物的多酚得率最高[(11.23±0.05)g/100g],且提取物中的总酚含量为(845.32±21.35)mg/g,总黄酮含量为(63.72±2.35)mg/g。同时,丙酮提取物对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的IC_(50)分别为(0.059±0.005),(0.057±0.004)mg/mL,其抗氧化能力低于抗坏血酸而高于甲醇和乙醇提取物。     

In vitro potential of flavonoids from tartary buckwheat on antioxidants activity and starch digestibility

The effects of various flavonoids of Tartary buckwheat (rutin-enhanced flavonoid extract [REFE and quercetin-enhanced flavonoid extract [QEFE]) and individual flavonoids (rutin, quercetin and kaempferol) on the antioxidant activity, inhibition of α-glucosidases and α-amylase and starch digestibility were evaluated. Quercetin possessed the highest antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidases and α-amylase activity followed by kaempferol and rutin. REFE and QEFE have similar antioxidant and inhibition of α-amylase activities, but QEFE has much higher α-glucosidases inhibition than REFE. Tartary buckwheat flour has the lowest content of rapidly digestible starch and predicted glycaemic index (pGI) compared to maize flour, wheat flour and rice flour. Addition of rutin and quercetin to wheat flour showed a weak or no effect on digestion inhibition, but they inhibited starch digestion under solid complex conditions. Our results may help explain the benefits of supplementing the diet with food rich in flavonoids.     

黄柏盐的制备及其抗氧化抗菌性能研究

以日晒海盐为载体,配以天然中草药黄柏的有效成分制备了不同配比的黄柏美容盐。对该黄柏盐进行了理化指标、多酚和类黄酮含量、抗氧化性和抗菌性测定。结果表明,黄柏盐中黄柏的质量分数为10%时,该样品盐对DPPH自由基清除率达到50%时的质量浓度(IC50)为124.83 g/L,对酪氨酸酶的IC50为124.83 g/L,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的IC50分别为131.58和159.69 g/L。本研究为植物盐护肤品的多角度开发与利用提供参考。     

Flavonoids from Machilus japonica Stems and Their Inhibitory Effects on LDL Oxidation

Stems of Machilus japonica were extracted with 80% aqueous methanol (MeOH) and the concentrated extract was successively extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc), normal butanol (n-BuOH), and water. Six flavonoids were isolated from the EtOAc fraction: (+)-taxifolin, afzelin, (−)-epicatechin, 5,3''-di-O-methyl-(−)-epicatechin, 5,7,3''-tri-O-methyl-(−)-epicatechin, and 5,7-di-O-methyl-3'',4''-methylenedioxyflavan-3-ol. The chemical structures were identified using spectroscopic data including NMR, mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. This is the first report of isolation of these six compounds from M. japonica. The compounds were evaluated for their diphenyl picryl hydrazinyl scavenging activity and inhibitory effects on low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Compounds 1 and 3–6 exhibited DPPH antioxidant activity equivalent with that of ascorbic acid, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 0.16, 0.21, 0.17, 0.15 and 0.07 mM, respectively. The activity of compound 1 was similar to the positive control butylated hydroxytoluene, which had an IC₅₀ value of 1.9 µM, while compounds 3 and 5 showed little activity. Compounds 1, 3, and 5 exhibited LDL antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values of 2.8, 7.1, and 4.6 µM, respectively.