Synthesis of “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution photocatalyst by electrostatic self-assembly method

In this paper, under the control strategy of surface charge of BiOCl photocatalyst and the electrostatic adsorption of anions and cations in potassium bromide (KBr) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the self-assembly of “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution nanophotocatalyst at a lower temperature water bath was proposed for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive system (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), UV-Vis, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and Mott-Schottky curve, transient photocurrent densities, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to analyze the properties of materials, including its morphology, element distribution and chemical states, specific surface area, electrochemical property, and photogenic charge transfer. Based on the degradation performance of RhB dye wastewater and phenol in visible and ultraviolet light, and the band structure of BiOCl/Br solid solution, the reason for the improved photocatalytic activity was deeply discussed, and the possible degradation mechanism was also put forward. The above results show that Br⁻ can be inserted into the crystal lattice of BiOCl under the effect of electrostatic adsorption to form solid solution by the interaction between atomic orbitals, which not only reduces the bandgap width but also improves the separation and mobility of photogenic electrons and holes, causing the absorbed light to shift red to the visible region. In addition, when the n_Br⁻/n_Cl⁻ = 0.67, “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution was formed, and this kind of special core-shell structure not only can increase the specific surface area, increase the number of active sites, but also can make the light reflect and refract many times in the cavity and further increase the utilization rate of light energy, and then the best photocatalytic activity was achieved. This study provides an new method to enhance the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl and be conducive to the development of modern material science.     

河南新郑大枣中元素含量与产区土壤地球化学关系研究

新郑大枣种植区位于河南省中部黄淮平原区西侧,表层土壤以全新统灰黄色亚砂土为主,为冲积-风积堆积物。深部为更新统亚粘土层,为坡积-洪积物。为了查明大枣种植区土壤中的地球化学元素与新郑大枣中元素含量的关联特征,在开展农业地质调查时,在大枣种植区采集了表层土壤样、浅表层土壤样、土壤有效态样和植物样品,分别进行了多种元素分析。查明表层土壤中富K₂O、Na₂O、SiO₂,浅表层与表层土壤地球化学特征基本一致。通过相关分析表明新郑大枣中富含的无机元素与表层土壤无关,与古土壤呈正相关。重金属元素在大枣种植区土壤中基本上处于低背景状态,反映出土地环境质量优良。     

低温取向硅钢边部"饼干脆"缺陷产生机理及控制措施

通过对低温取向硅钢典型边部缺陷微观组织、钢种相变特征、力学性能等方面进行研究,提出了"饼干脆"缺陷的产生机理.通过优化板坯装钢模式、优化边部加热器工艺等控制方法,有效改善了取向硅钢边部质量,有助于提高硅钢工序毛边轧制率、提高综合成材率和降低生产成本.     

红枣多糖的高压脉冲电场高效提取及其在卷烟中的应用

采用UV-Vis分光光度法测定红枣中多糖含量,考察了红枣多糖的高压脉冲电场高效提取及工艺优化,并进行了卷烟加香试验。通过分析高压脉冲电场强度、温度、液料比、脉冲频率4个因素对多糖提取率的影响,在单因素试验结果的基础上,设计正交试验。试验结果表明：最佳测定条件为A2B3C2D2,即高压脉冲电场强度为20 kV/cm、固定高压脉冲电场温度为100℃、液料比为15∶1（体积/质量）、脉冲频率为10000 Hz。该方法快速、灵敏、准确,可用于红枣多糖的高效提取,最佳提取工艺条件下的提取率为3．01％。红枣多糖的卷烟加香试验表明,其能增加卷烟香气中的烤甜香韵,醇和烟气,改善口感。     

生物质焦油成分分析及综合利用研究

生物质焦油是生物质热解和气化过程中产生的副产物,其成分非常复杂。实验对贵州省毕节市农机研究所设计的生物质气化炉所产生的生物质焦油进行了研究,选用混合溶剂(乙酸乙酯∶甲醇=5∶1)作萃取剂,采用GC/MS法对萃取物的化学成分进行了分析。结果表明,已定性的41种化合物大多为苯的衍生物,是重要的化工原料。     

非生物因素对红枣发酵酒色泽稳定性的影响

目的以红枣发酵酒为研究对象,研究不同非生物因素对红枣发酵酒色泽稳定性的影响。方法考察自然光照、紫外光照和避光存放对其色泽稳定性的变化;低温(-3~0℃)和高温(40℃)存放对其色泽稳定性的影响;在不同pH值(3~10)条件下其色泽稳定性的变化;以及不同金属离子钠、镁、铝等对其色泽稳定性的影响。结果在加工和储藏过程中低温(-3~0℃)、避光、pH值在4~6的范围内存放,并减少与含有铁、铝、铜等金属离子体系的接触,对红枣发酵酒的色泽稳定性具有良好的保持作用。结论此结果为红枣发酵酒和发酵饮料的生产和储藏提供了一定的理论依据。