Anaerobic digestion of alkaline black liquor using an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

The anaerobic digestion of alkaline black liquor from a cereal straw pulping mill was studied in batch (serum bottles) and continuous systems (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor—UASB). The batch digestion studies confirmed that lignin and related compounds (LRC) in the alkaline black liquor were the main inhibitory substances and could not be decomposed by anaerobic bacteria. At organic loading rates of 5–10 kg COD m^?3 day^?1, the UASB reactor achieved 50–60% COD removal efficiencies. Gas production was 2–3 dm³ per dm³ of alkaline black liquor. Two different sludge types were examined in the reactor: granular and cluster-like sludges. Sludge in a cluster, which involved many small granules and flocs, tended to form larger aggregates and possessed good settling ability.     

改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material, a novel absorbent modified soybean hulls is prepared. Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied. The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorpuon capacity for Pb-, uv to 20% of the mass of dry adsorbent. Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg.g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg.L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent. The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+is 7.0. In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+and Na+) in the solution, their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+is not obvious. After 5 cycles of adsorption, 80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained. Compared with various available commercial resins, the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful, inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

高浓度超稠油乳化废水预处理工艺与实践

超稠油在加工过程中产生大量高浓度乳化废水,常规炼油污水处理场难以处理并导致外排水严重超标.以某稠油加工企业高浓度超稠油乳化废水为研究对象,对其物理化学性质,沉降、破乳、絮凝条件进行了系统研究,并在大量试验的基础上开发出预处理工艺.相应装置建成后运行平稳高效,废水得到高效的处理与污油资源回收.     

现场总线在造纸生产控制系统中的应用

现场总线技术在国际上非常流行,目前在国内已开始推广应用。通过现场总线技术在造纸生产中应用的研究,阐明现场总线控制系统的优越性,并将成为今后工业自动化发展的必然趋势。     

有机化工废水COD与TOC的相关性

研究了有机化工废水COD与TOC的相关性。用Rosemount DC-85A有机总碳测定仪测定了有机废水的TOC,并通过TOC回归方程(COD=a+bTOC)的表达,发现它们有很好的相关性。可以用TOC值作有机化工废水污染的快速监测。     

邯郸市地热能开发利用中排放水问题探讨

地热能的开发应用在邯郸市正处在发展期。对近几年邯郸市开发的地热井调查,发现地热水矿化度极高且含有大量氯化物、硫酸盐等物质,地热废水绝大部分没有经过任何处理直接外排,对周围生态环境和工农业生产造成了很大危害。针对排放水水质、水量的不同特点,介绍了相应的处理方法。值得注意的是这种高矿化度、高水温的地热排放水在国家排放标准中没有给予指标限制,这些排放水的危害在某些方面存在潜伏期,危害一旦显现,治理难度极大,必须引起相关部门的高度重视。     

微粒群算法在SBR污水处理系统中的应用

污水处理过程是一个具有大时滞、非线性、强干扰的复杂控制对象,需要不断把当前最先进的优化算法应用到污水处理过程中以优化现有污水处理系统。详细介绍了微粒群算法(PSO)应用到各种污水处理系统中进行优化的方法并给出了PSO算法本身的优化。     

新型处理药剂（EP-110）处理各种重金属离子的实验研究

各行各业生产过程中会产生大量废水,重金属离子污染物是其中的重要控制指标,传统的处理方法不能完全解 决这类污染。本文通过大量的实验数据,对新型的处理药剂(EP-110)处理各种重金属离子的性能做了全面的测试、分析,并 提出了使用方法。