电子表格EXCEL5.0在选煤线性规划问题中的应用

采用电子表格软件ＥＸＣＥＬ５．０可以方便地解决许多选煤生产中的线性规划问题。本文通过选煤过程线性规划实例介绍ＥＸＣＥＬ５．０在此领域的应用方法。     

Kinetic analysis for effect of initial substrate concentration on growth and secondary metabolite production in cultures of Nicotiana tabacum

Suspension cultures of tobacco cells were studied using airlift and rotary-drum bioreactors. The effect of initial concentrations of a major substrate, sucrose, on the growth and production of a secondary metabolite, phenolic compounds, was investigated. The dry weights and total concentrations of the phenolic compounds increased with the initial sucrose concentration in both bioreactors. Both bioreactors were found to have the same tendency for the effect of initial sucrose concentration. The structured model, presented previously was modified by considering that sucrose was hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose by an enzymatic reaction. The previous and the new models were applied to the above two sets of experimental data obtained with two bioreactors, independently. The hydrolysis of sucrose was elucidated to contribute slightly to the overall kinetics of growth and secondary metabolite production in these cultures. Furthermore, the levels of shear damage in each bioreactor were quantitatively compared based on the death rate constant, k_i, which is one of the model constants.     

Atmospheric Freeze Drying—Modeling and Simulation of a Tunnel Dryer

Drying is an important unit operation in processing of foods and other biotechnological products. Vacuum freeze drying is said to be the best drying technology regarding product quality of the end product, but the disadvantages are, among others, expensive operational costs and batch drying. Atmospheric freeze drying was introduced to lower the production costs of high-quality dried foods, and the need of simulation tools became important in estimations of the industrial drying processes.

A simplified mathematical model (AFDsim) is developed based on uniformly retreating ice front (URIF) considerations. The model is used to calculate theoretical drying curves of atmospheric freeze dried foods in a tunnel dryer. Studies of thermal and mass transfer properties during drying are essential for understanding the changes in product quality and for designing and dimensioning the drying process. The model can be used to simulate industrial atmospheric freeze drying of different foodstuff in a tunnel. The results from AFDsim modeling are in good accordance with the experimental results.     

Characterizing Performance Variation of Product Designs

Quality and reliability design practitioners have utilized Taguchi's methodology of matrix experimentation to generate computer simulation data for characterizing performance variation of product designs. However, the sampling strategy employed renders computer implementation of matrix experimentation cumbersome and statistically invalid. Weaknesses of this approach also include sample size limitation and overestimation of performance variation. An alternative approach that combines Monte Carlo simulation with the strategies of independent sampling across runs and correlated sampling between runs is presented. An application case study shows that the proposed approach constitutes an improvement on the matrix approach with respect to statistical validity and estimation accuracy.     

提高磷酸二铵产品质量方法浅析

针对磷酸二铵(DAP)产品养分波动大、含水量偏高、易结块、颜色变化大等缺点,在生产过程中采取了相应的解决措施,如配矿、联产、设备改造、工艺指标调整等,使DAP装置不仅保持了原有的优点,而且产品质量问题也得到了有效解决。养分基本保持在64.0%~64.6%,水分下降到2.1%~2.2%,结块现象较少,颜色也比较统一。     

Damage and deterioration mechanism and curing technique of concrete structure in main coal cleaning plants

Concrete structures in main coal cleaning plants have been rebuilt and reinforced in the coal mines of the Shanghai Da-tun Energy Sources Co. Ltd., the first colliery of the Pingdingshan Coal Co. Ltd. and the Sanhejian mine of the Xuzhou Mining Group Co. Ltd. In these projects, the operating environment and reliability of concrete structures in the main plants of the three companies were investigated and the safety of the structures inspected. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were made on the spe-cial natural, technological and mechanical environments around the structures. On the basis of these analyses, we discuss the long-term, combined actions of the harsh natural (corrosive gases, liquids and solids) and mechanical environments on concrete structures and further investigated the damage and deteriorating mechanisms and curing techniques of concrete structures in the main coal cleaning plants. Our study can provide a theoretical basis for ensuring the reliability of concrete structures in main coal cleaning plants.     

Evaluation of tile–wall bonding integrity based on impact acoustics and support vector machine

It is well recognized that the impact-acoustic emissions contain information that can indicate the presence of the adhesive defects in the bonding structures. In our previous papers, artificial neural network (ANN) was adopted to assess the bonding integrity of the tile–walls with the feature extracted from the power spectral density (PSD) of the impact-acoustic signals acting as the input of classifier. However, in addition to the inconvenience posed by the general drawbacks such as long training time and large number of training samples needed, the performance of the classic ANN classifier is deteriorated by the similar spectral characteristics between different bonding status caused by abnormal impacts. In this paper our previous works was developed by the employment of the least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) classifier instead of the ANN to derive a bonding integrity recognition approach with better reliability and enhanced immunity to surface roughness. With the help of the specially designed artificial sample slabs, experiments results obtained with the proposed method are provided and compared with that using the ANN classifier, demonstrating the effectiveness of the present strategy.     

Super connectivity of Kronecker products of graphs

Let G₁ and G₂ be two connected graphs. The Kronecker product G₁×G₂ has vertex set V(G₁×G₂)=V(G₁)×V(G₂) and the edge set . In this paper, we show that if G is a bipartite graph with κ(G)=δ(G), then G×Kn(n?3) is super-κ.     

“Scenario”在产品设计教学中的运用

作为决策过程中一个重要的阶段性方法,在产品设计的教学中引入"scenario"方法是非常有意义的,它以自己独特的图象表达方法,生动有趣地引导学生积极主动地思考解决问题的办法,使学生不再像以前仅凭文字描述来凭空想像,而是以更加具象的图形故事作为彼此交流的媒介。