木片筛余物高得率半化学法清洁制浆技术研究

以太阳纸业备料车间木片筛选碎料（筛余物）为原料，对其烧碱法半化学制浆的实验室工艺和生产试验进行了研究。结果表明，筛余物采用半化学法制浆可获得较高得率和环压强度的纸浆，且用碱量对纸浆性能有显著影响。相对8%NaOH （相对于绝干原料）化学预处理，采用14%NaOH化学预处理结合两段浆浓22%的高浓磨浆工艺，所制半化学浆抄造浆张的裂断长和环压指数分别达2.89 km和9.76 N·m/g，是前者的1.9倍和1.2倍，而且优于现用国内OCC废纸浆抄造浆张；生产试验得到的浆张性能指标与实验室相吻合，其中紧度和环压强度分别达到GB/T 13023—2008瓦楞芯（原）纸AA级和A级优等品要求。     

制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制技术理论与实践

制浆造纸行业是我国水污染防治的重点,减排任务艰巨。在环境倒逼下,造纸行业加快淘汰落后产能和完善末端治理技术,污染控制取得了初步成效。但随着国家和地方环境治理由浓度控制走向总量控制、质量控制,原有技术的局限性难以满足解决水污染的更高要求,必须创新污染防治方法。本文介绍了制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制的基本理论和内涵,并结合化学法制浆、化学机械法制浆、废纸制浆与造纸过程水污染防治工程实践,提出了解决制浆造纸行业水污染的对策,为推动行业绿色转型升级和高质量发展提供了支撑。     

Nanofibrillation of a Bleached Acacia Pulp by Grinding with Carboxymethylation Pretreatment

In this study,carboxymethylation,which introduces carboxyl groups to hydroxyl sites in pulp fibers,was used as a pretreatment before mechanical nanofibrillation.The carboxyl group content of the pulp fibers was greatly affected by the dosage of chloroacetic acid and the reaction temperature.During the following fibrillation process,it was found that pulp fibers with higher carboxyl group content exhibited higher water holding capacities and smaller dimensions.A more homogenous structure with a higher amount of individual fibrils was also observed in FE-SEM images of pulp fibers with high carboxyl group content.This can be explained by a high ionic group content in the fiber wall resulting in lower delamination resistance,making the fibrils easier to separate.Carboxymethylation pretreatment as a facilitator of fibrillation in cellulosic pulps is an efficient way to obtain cellulose nanofibrils and consequently decrease the energy consumption of the process.     

某矿山充填料浆坍落度试验研究

充填采矿成为了目前的发展趋势,充填料浆的流动性在此过程中的作用不容小觑。对某矿山的料浆流动性进行坍落度试验研究。结果表明,塌落度随着充填料浆的灰砂比和料浆浓度的变化而变化,当料浆的浓度小于74%时,坍落度大于22.5 cm,其流动性明显有所改观,此时可实现管道自流输送的目的。低浓度的充填料浆有较好的流动性,但该情况下的充填体强度不能得到很好的保障,通过观察充填料浆在不同灰砂比下不同浓度的坍落度以及摊开的样子得出,浓度在68%之上的料浆具有良好的保水性,不会有粒级不同的颗粒相互分离或析水的不良情况,因此把充填料浆的浓度初设为68%~74%。相应的坍落度为22.5cm,完全摊开。     

Moulded pulp products manufacturing with thermoforming

For an effective optimization of pulp thermoforming and of the moulded pulp products manufactured by this process, a full understanding of the process physics combined with full knowledge of the pressing equipment is necessary. For this reason, in this Addendum, we clarify how the process parameters “Holding time,” “Vacuum time,” “Cycle time,” and “Temperature” were interpreted and subsequently defined for the analysis of the process and product‐related outputs of the thermoforming experiments.     

超声波辅助木片常压浸渍及其漂白

采用化学热磨机械浆（CTMP）工艺，以桉木与杨木2种木材为原料，初步研究了超声波辅助木片常压浸渍及其漂白效果。通过监测体系中的残余氢氧化钠的量来探究外部环境体系（温度、时间和用碱量）对超声波辅助木片常压浸渍的影响，结果表明：超声波辅助处理浸渍，桉木为温度75℃，时间30 min，用碱量6%；杨木为温度75℃，时间30 min，用碱量5%，此较优条件下，桉木白度提高2.83%（ISO），残余过氧化氢质量分数提高了4.4个百分点，碱吸收量达41.5 kg/t，较未经超声波处理后的桉木的碱吸收量提高了5.06%；杨木白度无变化，而残余过氧化氢质量分数提高了2.73个百分点，碱吸收量达38.75 kg/t，较未经超声波处理的杨木碱吸收量提高了6.15%。     

Foamability and viscosity behavior of extrusion foamed PLA–pulp fiber biocomposites

This study addresses the effect of fiber reinforcement, chain extension, and physical foaming agent type on foam morphology and viscosity behavior of pulp fiber reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biocomposites. PLA reinforced with 0, 10, and 20 wt % of bleached kraft pulp fibers with and without chain extender were foamed using two different physical foaming agents (carbon dioxide and isobutane) by extrusion foaming. Densities, foam morphologies, and viscosities were systematically analyzed and compared from the produced foams. As a conclusion, low-density foams are produced with both foaming agents and fiber levels, fiber addition limiting cell growth. Isobutane provides better dimensional stability with narrower cell size distribution, whereas carbon dioxide enables lower foaming temperature. Chain extension is essential to achieve foam with low density and good cell structure. Contrary to nonchain extended PLA, addition of fibers reduced the viscosity of chain extended PLA. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48202.     

超高压及热处理对中国沙棘原浆挥发性成分影响的比较

比较超高压及热处理对沙棘原浆挥发性成分的影响差异。沙棘原浆经500 MPa超高压30℃处理15 min(处理组),或90℃热处理40 min(对照组),采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析处理对沙棘原浆挥发性成分的影响。结果表明,超高压处理可提高沙棘原浆中的挥发性成分,处理组的挥发性成分总含量高于对照组61%;处理组各类挥发性成分含量均与对照组存在显著差异,其中醇类和酯类的含量显著高于对照组;除酯类和酸类成分的种类低于对照组外,处理组其他挥发性成分的种类与对照组之间无差异。根据气味活性值大于0.2的原则,确定12种对沙棘原浆香气贡献较大的组分,其中α-松油醇、己酸乙酯等10种组分处理组高于对照组,壬醛和3-甲基丁酸处理组显著低于对照组。综上所述,超高压处理可显著提高沙棘原浆中的挥发性成分,其作用与促进底物释放,激活糖苷酶和酯酶分解结合态挥发性成分密切相关。