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1.
微波消解-ICP-AES法测定菜油中P、S 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用微波加热,在高温高压下酸消解样品,运用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定菜油中P、S。本法选用紫外区谱线P178.221nm、S180.669nm,避免了基体中存在的Fe、Zn、Al、Cu、Mn、Ca等元素的光谱干扰。实验通过用纯氮吹扫光谱仪光路的方法消减空气中氧对紫外线的吸收,获得了足够的灵敏度。该方法简便、快速,稳定可靠,P、S检出限分别为0.067、0.078μg/ml,RSD为1.35%~5.05%,回收率为89.0%~100.9%。 相似文献
2.
The authors of this paper investigated the influence of esters of rapeseed oil fatty acids on the lubricating properties of
mineral lubricants containing chosen AW/EP additives. Methyl esters, ethylene glycol esters, and glycerol esters as well as
some commercial AW/EP packages based on zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, S–P organic compounds, and sulphurized esters of fatty
acids were tested. The tribological tests were carried out with the use of a four-ball machine. Antiwear (AW) properties of
tested compositions were determined using their limiting load of wear (Goz(40)). It appears that the AW action of esters of rapeseed oil fatty acids depends on their structure. The best AW action is shown
by compositions of mineral oil lubricants containing AW/EP additives and methyl esters of rapeseed oil fatty acids. The SEM/EDS
analysis of the scar surface layer indicated that the presence of these esters in lubricants causes a change in the interaction
between AW/EP additives and the metal surface. These observations were confirmed by the XPS surface analysis. 相似文献
3.
用精确饲喂技术评价了 3个品种的中国双低油菜和 1个加拿大卡诺拉的脱脂种籽和商品饼粕的能量和氨基酸的有效性。结果表明 ,4个脱脂种籽的氮校正真代谢能和氨基酸真消化率没有差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;而 4个商品饼粕的脱脂样品的氮校正真代谢能和氨基酸真消化率有极显著或显著差异。研究结果证实 ,不适当的加工方式不仅降低了氨基酸的有效性 ,而且影响家禽对能量的利用效率。 相似文献
4.
Paresh Chandra Dutta 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(6):659-666
Hydrogenated rapeseed oil/palm oil blend, sunflower oil and high-oleic sunflower oil, and French fries fried in these oils
were assessed for contents of sterol oxidation products. Different oxidation products of phytosterols (7α- and 7β-hydroxy-sito-and
campesterol, 7-ketosito- and 7-ketocampesterol, 5α,6α-epoxy-sito- and campesterol, 5β,6β-epoxy-sito-and campesterol, dihydroxysitosterol
and dihydroxycampesterol) were identified and quantiated by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectroscopy. Rapeseed oil/palm
oil blend contained 41 ppm total sterol oxides before frying operations. After two days of frying, this level was increased
to 60 ppm. Sunflower oil and high-oleic sunflower oil had 40 and 46 ppm sterol oxides, respectively, before frying operations.
After two days of frying operations, these levels increased to 57 and 56 ppm, respectively. In addition to campesterol and
sitosterol oxidation products, small amounts of 7α- and 7β-hydroxystigmasterol were detected in the oil samples. Total sterol
oxides in the lipids of French fries fried at 200°C in rapeseed oil/palm oil blend, sunflower oil, and high-oleic sunflower
oil were 32, 37, and 54 ppm, respectively. The levels of total oxidized sterols, calculated per g sample, ranged from 2.4
to 4.0 ppm. In addition to the content of phytosterol oxides, full scan mass spectra of several oxidation products of stigmasterol
are reported for the first time.
Part of these results were presented at the 86th Annual Meeting of the AOCS, May 7–11, 1995, San Antonio, TX. 相似文献
5.
Pascale Sabin Bouchra Benjelloun-Mlayah Michel Delmas 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(5):481-489
Two sets of alkyd resins of variable oil lengths with the required properties for offset printing ink formulations, modified
by sunflower and rapeseed oil, were synthetized according to the “monoglyceride” process. The influence of the acyl composition
of the modifying vegetable oil and of the oil content on alkyds’ properties was determined by detailed chemical and rheological
characterization. Molecular structure, size, and molecule size distribution appeared to be linked to these two factors. A
comparative study with two usual linseed oil-modified alkyds led to determination of the more appropriate alkyds for applications
in offset varnishes. 相似文献
6.
Gerald P. McNeill Philip E. Sonnet 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(2):213-218
Three lipases were compared for their ability to hydrolyze high erucic acid rapeseed oil, with the objective of concentrating
the erucic acid in a single glyceride fraction. Lipase fromPseudomonas cepacia released all fatty acids rapidly and did not result in selective distribution of erucic acid.Geotrichum candidum lipase released C20 and C22 fatty acids extremely slowly, resulting in their accumulation in the di- and triglyceride fractions.
Less than 2% of the total erucic acid was found in the free fatty acid (FFA) fraction. Lipase fromCandida rugosa released erucic acid more slowly than C20 and C18 fatty acids at 35°C but only resulted in a limited accumulation of the
erucic acid in the di- and triglyceride fractions. However, when hydrolysis catalyzed byC. rugosa lipase was carried out below 20°C, the reaction mixture solidified and was composed solely of FFAs and diglycerides. The
diglyceride fraction contained approximately 95% erucic acid while about 20% of the total erucic acid was found in the FFA
fraction. It is concluded that hydrolysis at low temperature withC. rugosa lipase results in a higher purity of erucic acid in the glyceride fraction than can be obtained withG. candidum lipase, but with considerable loss of erucic acid to the FFA fraction. 相似文献
7.
油菜籽干燥工艺的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
薄层干燥是研究在一定温度、压力和湿度条件下,谷物水分随时间的变化规律,并得出其干燥方程.本文用薄层干燥实验台进行了油菜籽的薄层干燥试验,确定了各参数(介质温度、湿度,谷物的初始温度、水分)对干燥速度的影响程度,建立了油菜籽薄层干燥的数学模型,并依据油菜籽的干燥特性,确定油菜籽干燥的合理工艺及工作参数,并结合玉米、水稻的干燥工艺及作业参数,研究一种适合油菜籽、玉米、水稻等物料的干燥设备,实现一机多用,提高设备利用率.工作时,通过对干燥设备的调整实现预热-干燥-缓苏—冷却和预热—干燥—冷却的工艺以及实现适合三种作物不同的干燥作业参数. 相似文献
8.
以三氟乙酸为显色剂,对芝麻香油、二级棉籽油、三级棉籽油、一级菜籽油、菜籽毛油5种植物油进行显色反应,并在350~700 nm波长进行紫外-可见光谱扫描.结果显示用三氟乙酸做显色剂能够很明显地将这5种植物油区分开来,所显示的颜色分别为:黄绿色、黄橙色、暗红橙色、红紫色、暗红橙色;并且上述5种植物油显色反应后的紫外-可见光谱扫描曲线差别很大,容易区分. 相似文献
9.
10.
以油菜花粉为模板,先用超声使花粉分散在无水乙醇中,再通过水热法制备了TiO2前驱体/花粉壳-核微球;550℃焙烧脱除花粉核后得到了TiO2中空微球.采用SEM,TG,XRD,FTIR和N2吸附对TiO2前驱体/花粉壳-核微球及TiO2中空微球进行了表征.结果表明:在TiO2前驱体/花粉壳-核微球的制备过程中,超声波诱导能使TiO2前驱体较均匀的负载在花粉表面,适宜的钛酸丁酯用量为6.6 g/g花粉,适宜的水热处理温度为105℃.在此条件下得到的TiO2前驱体/花粉壳-核微球经550℃焙烧即可制得形状完整、大小约18μm的锐钛矿型TiO2中空微球.具有较窄的中孔结构,平均孔半径为1.9nm,比表面积为26.76 m2·g-1. 相似文献