Superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface with excellent universality,corrosion resistance,and antifouling performance prepared without prepolishing

It is urgently necessary to seek more simple and effective methods to construct superhydrophobic metal surfaces to improve the corrosion resistance and antifouling performance. Herein, a facile method for fabricating superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface is developed via boiling water treatment and stearic acid modification. It is noteworthy that no prepolishing on aluminum alloy is required and no caustic reagents and typical equipments are used during the preparation procedure. Therefore, the fabrication method is quite a simple and environment-friendly technique. Both micro- and nano-scaled binary structure forms at the resultant aluminum alloy surface while long alkyl chains are grafted onto the rough aluminum alloy surface chemically. Consequently, the resultant aluminum alloy exhibits outstanding superhydrophobicity. More importantly, the superhydrophobicity has excellent universality, diversity, stability, excellent corrosion resistance, and antifouling performance. The facile preparation, excellent superhydrophobic durability, and outstanding performance are quite in favor of the practical application.     

仿生超疏水金属材料制备技术及在化工领域应用进展

超疏水表面是材料研究热点，而超疏水金属材料在化工领域应用前景广阔。本文对超疏水金属表面材料在制备方法和实际应用的最新进展进行了综述，在浸润模型基础上，重点概括了针对金属构建微纳粗糙结构用于超疏水表面制备的方法，并对包括自清洁、流动减阻、强化换热、抗结冰、金属防腐、油水分离等常见化工领域应用以及新开发的如防垢、滚动造粒、蒸发结晶等新应用方向的最新相关研究成果进行了总结，并提出了规模化绿色廉价快速一步制备稳定高效超疏水金属表面是未来研究趋势。     

Bioinspired Mechanically Robust Metal‐Based Water Repellent Surface Enabled by Scalable Construction of a Flexible Coral‐Reef‐Like Architecture

Mechanical robustness is a central concern for moving artificial superhydrophobic surfaces to application practices. It is believed that bulk hydrophilic materials cannot be use to construct micro/nanoarchitectures for superhydrophobicity since abrasion‐induced exposure of hydrophilic surfaces leads to remarkable degradation of water repellency. To address this challenge, the robust mechanical durability of a superhydrophobic surface with metal (hydrophilic) textures, through scalable construction of a flexible coral‐reef‐like hierarchical architecture on various substrates including metals, glasses, and ceramics, is demonstrated. Discontinuous coral‐reef‐like Cu architecture is built by solid‐state spraying commercial electrolytic Cu particles (15–65 µm) at supersonic particle velocities. Subsequent flame oxidation is applied to introduce a porous hard surface oxide layer. Owing to the unique combination of the flexible coral‐reef‐like architecture and self‐similar manner of the fluorinated hard oxide surface layer, the coating surface retains its water repellency with an extremely low roll‐off angle (<2°) after cyclic sand‐paper abrasion, mechanical bending, sand‐grit erosion, knife‐scratching, and heavy loading of simulated acid rain droplets. Strong adhesion to glass, ceramics, and metals up to 34 MPa can be achieved without using adhesive. The results show that the present superhydrophobic coating can have wide outdoor applications for self‐cleaning and corrosion protection of metal parts.     

Multifunctional phase change microcapsules based on graphene oxide Pickering emulsion for photothermal energy conversion and superhydrophobicity

In order to enlarge the applications of microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs), the novel stearic acid (SA)@graphene oxide (GO)/melamine-formaldehyde (MF) multifunctional superhydrophobic microPCMs were prepared with the method of condensation polymerization. We have made a systematical study of the effects of GO content on the SA@GO/MF microPCMs. The morphology and chemical composition characterizations showed the successful fabrication of microcapsules. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) identified that microPCMs could store latent heat energy. According to the contact angles (CA) measurement, the microPCMs displayed the water contact angle of 160.2°, which possessed the superhydrophobic property. Moreover, the self-cleaning property of SA@GO/MF microPCMs was demonstrated by designing self-cleaning experiment. The simulated irradiation experiment showed the good photothermal conversion performance of microPCMs. Owing to photothermal energy conversion performance and superhydrophobicity, multifunctional phase change microcapsules could have vital potentials in energy conversion and self-cleaning.     

PVDF-PFTS/SiO2膜制备及抗混合污染性能

采用表面接枝技术制备了PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FTIR）分析了膜污染前后的表面结构和组成,考察了直接接触式膜蒸馏（DCMD）装置出水电导率和膜通量的变化,利用XDLVO理论分析了PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜的抗混合污染性能和机理。结果表明：在1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-全氟辛基三氯硅烷（PFTS）和SiO₂共同作用下,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜表面形成微纳米复合乳突结构,水接触角（WCA）由99°增至155°。与PVDF基膜相比,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜对混合污染物具有较好的抗污染性能;连续运行10h,膜通量和截留率分别保持在10.06kg/(m²·h)和99.80%。XDLVO理论分析表明,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜表面与污染物之间的作用力由引力转变为斥力是其抗混合污染性能增强的主要原因之一。     

AZ31镁合金Ni-P/NiO耐腐蚀超疏水表面的制备及其性能研究

通过化学镀镍、水热法和浸泡法在AZ31镁合金上制备出Ni-P/NiO超疏水表面。首先通过化学镀镍的方法,在镁合金表面形成了一个Ni-P隔离层,有效地阻止外界与镁合金基底的接触,然后在Ni-P之上构筑NiO粗糙结构并对其表面进行疏水修饰,进一步对镁合金基底进行保护。通过电化学阻抗分析得出,其阻抗模值可达1×10⁸ Ω·cm²,比未经处理的镁合金高出6个数量级,腐蚀电流密度降低到0.587 μA·cm^-2,表明制备出的Ni-P/NiO超疏水表面具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

A universal method to fabricate Cu films with superhydrophobic and anti-corrosion properties

Multi-functional Cu films were fabricated by an improved electric brush-plating technique and subsequent immersion treatment in ethanol solution of stearic acid. The brush-plated Cu film exhibited unique lotus-like surface architectures, which endowed it with highly hydrophobicity, instead of metallic intrinsic hydrophilicity. After solution-immersion for certain time, the Cu films were gradually covered by a continuous net-like layer of copper stearate nano-sheets with low surface energy, which finally rendered them stable superhydrophobic and even self-cleaning. Electrochemical measurement revealed that anti-corrosion property of Cu is intimately linked with its surface wettability, and the superhydrophobicity indeed provides high corrosion resistance for Cu substrate in corrosion environment. This strategy can extend generally to other relevant metals.     

Robust Non-Wetting PTFE Surfaces by Femtosecond Laser Machining

Nature shows many examples of surfaces with extraordinary wettability, which can often be associated with particular air-trapping surface patterns. Here, robust non-wetting surfaces have been created by femtosecond laser ablation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The laser-created surface structure resembles a forest of entangled fibers, which support structural superhydrophobicity even when the surface chemistry is changed by gold coating. SEM analysis showed that the degree of entanglement of hairs and the depth of the forest pattern correlates positively with accumulated laser fluence and can thus be influenced by altering various laser process parameters. The resulting fibrous surfaces exhibit a tremendous decrease in wettability compared to smooth PTFE surfaces; droplets impacting the virgin or gold coated PTFE forest do not wet the surface but bounce off. Exploratory bioadhesion experiments showed that the surfaces are truly air-trapping and do not support cell adhesion. Therewith, the created surfaces successfully mimic biological surfaces such as insect wings with robust anti-wetting behavior and potential for antiadhesive applications. In addition, the fabrication can be carried out in one process step, and our results clearly show the insensitivity of the resulting non-wetting behavior to variations in the process parameters, both of which make it a strong candidate for industrial applications.