Oviposition site selection by Tineola bisselliella, Tinea spp (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) and Anthrenus flavipes (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Odours from dried yeast localized oviposition on fabric by Tineola bisselliella (Hummel), Tinea translucens Meyrick and Tinea pellionella L. in choice experiments in the laboratory. In Tineola bisselliella this effect was augmented by odours from the faeces from conspecific larvae that had eaten a favourable diet containing dried yeast. In contrast with these Lepidoptera, oviposition by Anthrenus flavipes LeConte was unaffected by yeast odours and deterred by odours from conspecific cultures. Blood-stains did not influence ovipositional choice. Some plant phenolics and flavonoids and quinones incompletely deterred oviposition. Both vegetable oils and fatty acids from wool wax deterred oviposition equally well when present in large amounts. Treatment of wool to control micro-organisms might reduce insect damage indirectly.     

黄色花蝽模拟仓捕食储粮害虫及应用效果评价

为了明确黄色花蝽在模拟仓内对害虫的控制效果及黄色花蝽在高温高湿地区实仓条件下对储藏害虫的控制效果。通过控制模拟仓控制温度为(28±1)℃、湿度(50±10)%条件下接入黄色花蝽和在实仓投放一定数量的黄色花蝽。结果表明,不同数量黄色花蝽在模拟仓内下,3个月后对4种储藏害虫控害效果均达到70%以上,益害比对储藏害虫并无显著影响,黄色花蝽对4种害虫的控害效果为锯谷盗嗜卷书虱锈赤扁谷盗赤拟谷盗。在高温高湿地区,投放黄色花蝽对实仓内害虫的控制效果显著,能够有效控制害虫爆发。仓储害虫生物防治具有低成本、无污染等优点,可为研究一种新型储藏害虫防治提供有效方法。     

黄色花蝽对几种3龄储藏物害虫捕食功能反应及捕食偏好性研究

为保证国家粮食安全,寻找有效的储粮害虫生物防治的方法,本文研究了黄色花蝽Xylocoris flavipes Reuter雌成虫对3龄的赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum Herbst、锈赤扁谷盗Cryptolestes ferrugineus Stephens、锯谷盗Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linnaeus、嗜卷书虱Li poscelis bostrychophila Badonnel的防控能力,在室内条件下研究了黄色花蝽对以上几种储粮害虫的3龄幼虫的捕食功能反应方程,以及对以上储粮害虫寻找效应、种内干扰反应和对不同猎物的捕食偏好。结果表明:黄色花蝽雌成虫对3龄的赤拟谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗、锯谷盗、嗜卷书虱的捕食功能反应方程均符合HollingⅡ圆盘方程。根据方程拟合发现黄色花蝽对3龄嗜卷书虱日捕食量最大,最大为44.6头/d。黄色花蝽对各种害虫的寻找效应均随着猎物密度的增大而减小。当猎物的密度达到一定数量后,随着黄色花蝽数量的增多,捕食猎物的平均捕食率随之下降。通过比较黄色花蝽对不同害虫的捕食偏好性Cain指数,结果表明黄色花蝽更偏好捕食锯谷盗和锈赤扁谷盗。