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1.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(23):33106-33119
K9 optical glass is one of the typical components in optical systems. However, because of its poor fracture resistance, it is difficult to polish it with ultra-precision and high-efficiency and without any surface damage simultaneously. The emergence of the obliquely axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted polishing (UVAP) method can solve this problem which encounters in polishing efficiency and shape accuracy. However, due to the unclear material removal profile (MRP) mechanism, obliquely axial UVAP is not widely used in the processing field. This paper introduces the obliquely axial UVAP method in research processes, mainly focusing on the fixed point MRP analysis of the obliquely axial UVAP. Based on Hertz's contact theory, polishing pressure, the length of the semi-long axis (LLA) and the length of the semi-short axis (LSA) of the contact area are calculated under ultrasonic vibration conditions. Meanwhile, the relative linear velocity distribution of the oblique polishing tool in the instantaneous contact area is modeled by mathematical geometry method. A novel model of the MRP distribution for obliquely axial UVAP is proposed following the Preston equation. Subsequently, a series of polishing experiments were carried out to verify this model. The results show that the numerical model has good agreement with the experimental results on MRP, LLA, LSA, material removal depth and material removal rate (MRR). In addition, the material removal capability can be significantly improved by larger ultrasonic amplitude and larger oblique angle. This model not only more clearly elucidates the processing mechanism of obliquely axial UVAP, but also provides theoretical support for the polishing of free-form optical lenses.  相似文献   
2.
Chameleonic properties, i. e., the capacity of a molecule to hide polarity in non-polar environments and expose it in water, help achieving sufficient permeability and solubility for drug molecules with high MW. We present models of experimental measures of polarity for a set of 24 FDA approved drugs (MW 405-1113) and one PROTAC (MW 1034). Conformational ensembles in aqueous and non-polar environments were generated using molecular dynamics. A linear regression model that predicts chromatographic apparent polarity (EPSA) with a mean unsigned error of 10 Å2 was derived based on separate terms for donor, acceptor, and total molecular SASA. A good correlation (R2=0.92) with an experimental measure of hydrogen bond donor potential, Δlog Poct-tol, was found for the mean hydrogen bond donor SASA of the conformational ensemble scaled with Abraham's A hydrogen bond acidity. Two quantitative measures of chameleonic behaviour, the chameleonic efficiency indices, are introduced. We envision that the methods presented herein will be useful to triage designed molecules and prioritize those with the best chance of achieving acceptable permeability and solubility.  相似文献   
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4.
柯探1井是部署在新疆阿克苏地区柯坪县的一口风险探井,在寒武系沙依力克组钻遇高钙盐水层,持续不断地钙侵导致重晶石沉降,发生了卡钻等一系列井下故障。为优化复杂地质条件下钻井液配方,现场开展多种试验,提出了钙盐水层钻井液等一系列钻井液配方:①三开配浆即用海泡石代替现在的膨润土,控制好低密度固相,为转换四开饱和盐水钻井液做好准备;②除聚合物之外,常见的淀粉比较适合该区块;③除应用纯碱和小苏打除钙外,使用一些硅酸钾,能预防钙侵,生成的硅酸钙对井壁稳定、防塌有一定的帮助,同时钾离子可以提高钻井液的抑制性;④采用质量较好的白沥青,实现快速优质钻进。现场应用表明,四开高钙盐水层,电测无阻卡,井径规则,套管一次性下到位,钻井液性能满足固井施工要求,现场施工效果良好。  相似文献   
5.
Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The phase composition, sintering characteristics, microstructure and dielectric properties of Ti4+ replacement by Nb5+ in the formed solid solution Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics were systematically studied. The structural variations and influence of Nb5+ doping in Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 were also systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. X-ray diffraction and its Rietveld refinement results confirmed that Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics crystallised into an ilmenite-type with R-3 (148) space group. The replacement of the low valence Ti4+ by the high valence Nb5+ can improve the dielectric properties of Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09). This paper also studied the different sintering temperatures for Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics. The obtained results proved that 1350 °C is the best sintering temperature. The permittivity and Q × f initially increased and then decreased mainly due to the effects of porosity caused by the sintering temperature and the doping amount of Nb2O5, respectively. Furthermore, the increased Q × f is correlated to the increase in Ti–O bond strength as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, and the electrons generated by the oxygen vacancies will be compensated by Nb5+ to a certain extent to suppress Ti4+ to Ti3+, which was confirmed by XPS. The increase in τf from ?47 ppm/°C to ?40.1 ppm/°C is due to the increment in cell polarisability. Another reason for the increased τf is the reduction in the distortion degree of the [TiO6] octahedral, which was also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Mg(Ti0.95Nb0.05)O3 ceramics sintered at 1350 °C for 2 h possessed excellent microwave dielectric properties of εr = 18.12, Q × f = 163618 GHz and τf = ?40.1 ppm/°C.  相似文献   
6.
提出一种对膨胀土进行判别和分类的新指标——最大面积收缩率(SCR),其定义为最大面积收缩率试验中试样干燥后收缩裂隙的总面积与试样初始面积的比值。通过对不同地区土样开展试验,研究了制样初始含水率、初始厚度、接触面粗糙度以及环境温度对试验结果的影响,并对SCR作为膨胀土判别与分类指标的可信度与可靠度进行了分析,最终提出了利用SCR对膨胀土进行分类的界限指标。试验结果表明:初始含水率和界面粗糙度对SCR用于膨胀土的判别和分类没有影响;当初始厚度限制在8 mm以内时,可以忽略厚度对试验结果的影响;建议烘干温度为105℃。SCR与蒙脱石含量、阳离子交换量线性相关,能较好地反应膨胀土的胀缩特性;SCR与标准吸湿含水率和塑性指数线性相关,体现出利用SCR对膨胀土进行判别与分类具有较高的可信度。最大面积收缩率试验操作简单、周期短且可重复性高。  相似文献   
7.
民机发动机正常工作时产生的功能振动载荷严重影响了该区域液压管路的安全性能和使用寿命,是民机液压管路设计重点考虑问题之一。针对ARJ21-700民机发动机区域某根液压管路,对其进行功能振动载荷作用下的动力学响应分析。基于传递矩阵法,建立液压管路动力学数学模型;采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立液压管路有限元模型,对其进行模态分析和在功能振动载荷作用下的振动响应分析,得到管路固有频率和应力响应规律;对管路危险部位疲劳寿命进行预估。最后,通过理论计算、仿真分析和试验,验证了液压管路动力学数学模型和有限元模型的正确性,研究结果为民机发动机区域液压管路设计及优化提供了理论参考。  相似文献   
8.
列车和轨道之间的开放约束条件决定了车辆脱轨的客观存在。轮轨接触区域边缘曲线分割对列车轮轨接触关系的研究具有重要意义,提出了一种基于生成对抗网络的轮轨接触区域边缘曲线分割算法。通过将残差模块引入生成器网络中,增强了网络对输出变化的敏感程度,进而更好的调整生成器权重。此外,膨胀残差模块的引入,有效扩大了特征图的接收区域。实验结果显示,改进的生成对抗网络对轮轨接触区域边缘曲线的分割准确度达到9613%,敏感度、特异度、F1值、ROC曲线下的面积分别为8390%、9713%、8367%和9812%,验证了该方法能够准确分割轮轨接触区域边缘曲线。  相似文献   
9.
长三角一体化绿色发展是中国的重大战略,乡村生态状况是长三角城市群生态健康发展的基础。针对长三角城市群乡村植被生物多样性保育和生态系统服务功能提升需求展开研究,调研了28个乡村共256个植物群落样地,分别进行了科属种构成和生活型分析;通过群落聚类,划分出47个群落类型和8个植被型,分析了植物群落构成和分布特征;进行了物种生物多样性分析,并将长三角乡村植被特征与城市区域和自然区域的植被特征进行比较;最后,从物种保护、生境维护、群落保育和生态美学引导等方面提出了长三角乡村植被生物多样性保育与构建的具体对策。  相似文献   
10.
The effects of three types of salt including NaF, KCl, and NaCl on the properties of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles using salt-assisted solution combustion synthesis (SSCS) have been investigated. The synthesized powders were evaluated by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and VSM analysis. Also, the specific surface area (SSA), as well as size distribution and volume of the porosities of NiFe2O4 powders were determined by the BET apparatus. The visual observations showed that the intensity and time of combustion synthesis of nanoparticles have been severely influenced by the type of salt. The highest crystallinity was observed in the synthesized powder using NaCl. The SSA has also been correlated completely to the type of salt. The quantities of SSA was achieved about 91.62, 64.88, and 47.22 m2g-1 for the powders synthesized by KCl, NaCl, and NaF respectively. Although the magnetic hysteresis loops showed the soft ferromagnetic behavior of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles in all conditions, KCl salt could produce the particles with the least coercivity and remanent magnetization. Based on the present study, the salt type is a key parameter in the SSCS process for the preparation of spinel ferrites. Thermodynamic evaluation also showed that the melting point and heat capacity are important parameters for the proper selection of the salt.  相似文献   
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