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Artificial intelligence focuses on the question of how to design systems to exhibit intelligent behaviour in complex environments. Complex global behaviours can emerge from simple systems acting in a complex environment; however, this emergence requires that the systems' internal structure reflects essential structures in the environment This paper examines the algebraic structure of a system's actions. We find that these actions often possess a self-similar local neighbourhood structure that permits analysis and synthesis to be performed locally and yet produces global intelligent behaviours. A procedure for finding this local structure is presented and illustrated with examples.  相似文献   
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Reliable and high-performance resource scheduling for Virtual Machines (VMs) in cloud can guarantee the efficiency of remote rescue with telehealth system. When a local disaster, e.g. earthquake and tsunami, happens in a densely populated area, the surging health care demand leads to the increasing workload in Data Centers (DCs) by storing and delivering a mass of patients’ information and real-time physiology signals. However, the current self-adaptive scheduling methods cannot provide a high-accuracy recognizing of the two conditions: urgency or normal, which would procrastinate the system into a high-performance status, while the best rescue time is lost. In this paper, we propose a Primary Node-based architecture for typical telehealth service on cloud, which takes into account both storage and delivery efficiency. We also design a novel algorithm to predicting and allocating the future bandwidth of all VMs in the telehealth service context. This method is able to dynamically adjust each parameter of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) through collecting the historical information of the bandwidth workload. After we predict the future bandwidth consumption of VMs, a high-performance scheduling method is used to adjust the bandwidth to each VM for health care service. The simulation results prove that this algorithm provides a high-accurate prediction, which guides the allocating module to make decision before the request burst comes. Nevertheless, our algorithm improves the reliability of telehealth services for storing and delivering patients’ information among DCs.  相似文献   
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of e-books on enhancing Jordanian preschool children's emergent literacy skills (experimental group), in comparison to children who were exposed to regular printed books (control group). To achieve the objectives of this study, the total of 92 children were assigned to either experimental group (n = 48) and control group (n = 44). The pre- and post-test data was collected on print awareness, vocabulary, alphabetic knowledge and phonological awareness skills to determine the effectiveness of e-books. The results indicated that children in experimental group performed significantly better than the children in control group. Moreover, significant differences were found according to gender, as the female children exhibited superior emergent literacy skills to the male children. Regarding the different emergent literacy skills, children in the experimental group achieved better improvement in the areas of print awareness and vocabulary. Based on these findings, it is recommended that pre-school institutions incorporate e-books activities into their classrooms.  相似文献   
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An important research problem, at the basis of the development of embedded systems for neuroprosthetic applications, is the development of algorithms and platforms able to extract the patient’s motion intention by decoding the information encoded in neural signals. At the state of the art, no portable and reliable integrated solutions implementing such a decoding task have been identified. To this aim, in this paper, we investigate the possibility of using the MPSoC paradigm in this application domain. We perform a design space exploration that compares different custom MPSoC embedded architectures, implementing two versions of a on-line neural signal decoding algorithm, respectively targeting decoding of single and multiple acquisition channels. Each considered design points features a different application configuration, with a specific partitioning and mapping of parallel software tasks, executed on customized VLIW ASIP processing cores. Experimental results, obtained by means of FPGA-based prototyping and post-floorplanning power evaluation on a 40nm technology library, assess the performance and hardware-related costs of the considered configurations. The reported power figures demonstrate the usability of the MPSoC paradigm within the processing of bio-electrical signals and show the benefits achievable by the exploitation of the instruction-level parallelism within tasks.  相似文献   
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Accompanied by the popularization of EVs, the planning of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations becomes an important concern of distribution network planning. In this paper, the load density method is introduced to determine the optimal capacity of the EV charging stations in the areas to be planned, and the difference between 1 and the weight coefficients obtained by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used to calculate the cost coefficients of the charging station. The objective function of the optimal distribution network planning model should be the minimal cost of the fixed investments, the operational costs and the maintenance costs including the substations, charging stations and feeders. In this model, the effect of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is considered, i.e., the EV is respectively treated as both the load and the source. Moreover, the electricity price volatility has been taken into consideration. In this case, EV owners can be guided to charge and discharge EV orderly. The ordinal optimization approach is applied to get the best solution. The results of the case study based on IEEE 54 nodes model show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model.  相似文献   
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This paper introduces models for the selection of advanced technologies. It is based on the concept that technologies are mutually dependent. As such, higher productivity could be realized by simultaneously selecting dependent technologies. Synergistic benefits are realized if such technologies are selected. This paper, therefore, uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and an adjusted priority method to evaluate and rank technologies. A greedy heuristic algorithm is then used to allocate resources to the different technologies.  相似文献   
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关于优化控制系统性能问题,由于控制系统中存在非线性滞后各种干扰因素,严重影响响应和稳定性。为实现在线独立调节副回路设定响应与扰动抑制响应,增强主回路的抗干扰能力,改善系统性能,提出一种新的三自由度串级控制方法。在副回路中采用两自由度内模控制,主回路采用单位反馈控制结构,并根据闭环最优灵敏度函数方法确定主控制器,从而保证系统的整体性能。对各个控制器的解析建模设计,对每个控制器都可以进行单参数调节和优化,并对主回路和副回路存在的乘性不确定性进行仿真。仿真结果表明,新的控制方法具有较好的设定值跟踪性能和抗干扰能力,提高了系统的鲁棒稳定性。  相似文献   
9.
Geological and hydrogeological data are expensive to obtain in the field but are crucial for specific hydrogeological studies, from hydrogeological water balances to groundwater flow modelling and contaminant transport, or for more integrated environmental investigations where groundwater plays a role. In this context, hydrogeological data are collected, transformed and exchanged at different scales, from local to international levels and between numerous institutions ranging from environmental consulting companies to the national and international environmental administrations. To guarantee that these exchanges are possible and meaningful, a clear structure and meta-information on applied hydrogeological data models is required. To make one step towards seamless management of groundwater projects, a new hydrogeological data model has been developed: Hg2O. It is described using object-oriented paradigms and it follows the recommendations of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/TC211), the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), and the European Geospatial Information Working Group. Hydrogeological features are organized in packages of spatial feature datasets. The observations and measurements related to these features are organized in a separate package. A particular focus is on specialized hydrogeological field experiments such as hydraulic and tracer tests. Two first implementations in the proprietary desktop ArcGIS environment and in the open source web-based Web2GIS platform are presented, focussing on their respective standards support.  相似文献   
10.
We report for the first time the synthesis of carbon nanofilaments using intermetallic Cu–Sn catalysts. The synthesis was achieved by the catalytic decomposition of C2H2 over a mixture of SnO2 and CuO particles. Also, we have investigated the effect of synthesis conditions on the morphology of carbon nanofilaments and the role of Cu–Sn catalysts in the growth mechanism. The weight ratio of SnO2 and CuO determined the phase of the Cu–Sn intermetallic compound. Favorable growth of carbon nanofilaments was observed at a weight ratio of approximately 1:2, which induces the formation of intermetallic Cu41Sn11 nanostructures. Structures observed at different synthesis pressures and temperatures included carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and catalyst-filled CNTs. This morphological change of carbon nanofilaments was because of the change in C2H2 concentration in the reactor and the phase change of the Cu41Sn11 nanostructures. The observation of the growth of carbon nanofilament with increasing synthesis time confirmed the evolution of intermetallic Cu41Sn11 catalysts and the tip-growth mechanism of carbon nanofilaments. This synthesis methodology could be extended for similar syntheses using Sn-based alloy catalysts and direct growth of carbon nanofilaments on 3D substrates such as carbon fiber papers and a Cu foam, showing its potential for practical applications.  相似文献   
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