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1.
《全球能源互联网(英文)》2020,3(4):385-397
Africa is embracing new opportunities featured with industrialization, urbanization and regionalization. Based on co-development of ‘Electricity, Mining, Metallurgy, Industry and Trade’ and grids interconnection proposed by Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO), the high-quality hydropower resource of the Congo River can be exploited in large scale under the wide-range interconnected framework of African Energy Interconnection (AEI), forging a new engine for Africa economy. The transmission distance of the Congo River hydropower reaches 6,000 km at its farthest end in North Africa, which brings forth challenges to economics of proposed projects. Under this novel continental energy interconnection scheme in Africa, economics of those projects have not yet been in detail studied. This paper has implemented China’s mature engineering experiences and analytical tools of UHVDC project planning into the AEI structure, through exploring the economic behavior of ultra-long distance UHVDC projects in the scope of conductor selection in the Congo River hydropower transmission for the first time, and has provided concerned parties with a technical and analytical results of their economics comparison. This paper has chosen the D.R. Congo - Guinea ±800 kV UHVDC project as a typical example. Its preliminary system planning is introduced and three types of conductor are selected for scheme comparison. Later in this paper, the transmission loss, total investment and equivalent annual cost of the project have been calculated and analyzed. In the final part, sensitivity analysis results of the annual cost to utilization hours, transmission loss, loss tariff and construction cost has been provided 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(3):1373-1384
Energy security is an issue at stake in governments all over the world, and also in Brazil. Although the country's energetic matrix is largely based on hydropower sources, the need for diversification is increasingly needed. The possibility of hybrids between hydropower and wind power for hydrogen production emerges as a clean alternative source for energy security. In high-throughput seasons, excess energy could be used to produce hydrogen, which could supply shortages of energy. This study shows the potential for producing hydrogen in Brazil, using excess energy from hydroelectric and wind farms. Taking into account one hour per day of surplus energy production, it would be possible to generate 6.50E+09 Nm³.y−1 of H2. On the other hand, considering two and three hours, the H2 generation would be equal to 1.30E+10 Nm³.y−1 and 2.00E+10 Nm³.y−1, respectively. This study calculated the economic viability for hydrogen production, at a cost of 0.303 USD.kWh−1, a higher cost if compared to that of the wind and hydroelectric plants. 相似文献
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向家坝水电站二期纵向围堰上游段座落于厚达45~62 m的覆盖层上,为提高接头段深厚覆盖层地基承载力,且保证导流期不同江水位时的堰体稳定,优化调整方案为,将接头段和导水段改为柔性结构。详细介绍了柔性结构段基础处理中所涉及的施工程序、施工技术和异常情况处理等。二纵围堰经过了2009年和2010年两个汛期的考验,安全监测显示与实际运行表明,柔性结构体结构稳定。将导水结构堰体改为柔性结构体,不仅节约了投资,而且保证了二期截流工程按施工总进度计划实施。 相似文献
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This paper presents an alternative to the Gibson method, for discharge estimation of a turbine inside a hydropower plant. The method proposes a genetic algorithm which includes an integration procedure for the water hammer equations using the method of characteristics. The decision variables are represented by the steady-state regime discharge before the valve closure and the pipe friction factor. The recordings of pressure/differential pressure in measuring sections are used.The method was verified by a numerical experiment and then validated with the measured data in a laboratory experiment at NTNU, Norway. 相似文献