Conductor selection and economic analysis of D.R. congo–guinea ±800 kV UHVDC transmission project

Africa is embracing new opportunities featured with industrialization, urbanization and regionalization. Based on co-development of ‘Electricity, Mining, Metallurgy, Industry and Trade’ and grids interconnection proposed by Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO), the high-quality hydropower resource of the Congo River can be exploited in large scale under the wide-range interconnected framework of African Energy Interconnection (AEI), forging a new engine for Africa economy. The transmission distance of the Congo River hydropower reaches 6,000 km at its farthest end in North Africa, which brings forth challenges to economics of proposed projects. Under this novel continental energy interconnection scheme in Africa, economics of those projects have not yet been in detail studied. This paper has implemented China’s mature engineering experiences and analytical tools of UHVDC project planning into the AEI structure, through exploring the economic behavior of ultra-long distance UHVDC projects in the scope of conductor selection in the Congo River hydropower transmission for the first time, and has provided concerned parties with a technical and analytical results of their economics comparison. This paper has chosen the D.R. Congo - Guinea ±800 kV UHVDC project as a typical example. Its preliminary system planning is introduced and three types of conductor are selected for scheme comparison. Later in this paper, the transmission loss, total investment and equivalent annual cost of the project have been calculated and analyzed. In the final part, sensitivity analysis results of the annual cost to utilization hours, transmission loss, loss tariff and construction cost has been provided     

深圳抽水蓄能电站监控新技术应用研究与实践

通过对安防、工业电视和门禁等新技术的研究,设计了一套先进的监控系统,包括硬件平台、系统管理、应用软件,利用深圳抽水蓄能电站已形成的光纤网络通道把分布在方圆10 km范围内多个站端设备以环路的方式连接起来,把可靠成熟的新技术融合到整个平台。自首台机组成功投运,监控系统为电站正常运行保驾护航,高清摄像机、视觉识别、行为分析、边界防护等新技术的应用为工程项目增添了亮点,使电站现场管理更加智能化、规范化。     

锦屏一级水电站运行期谷幅变形特性与影响因素分析

通过对锦屏一级水电站运行期跨江段谷幅历年变形值进行比较分析,总结运行期谷幅的变形规律和左岸边坡的变形收敛情况;采用逐步回归分析方法,分析运行期边坡谷幅变形的影响因素,分析库岸岩体变形与库水位、气温及其他作用因子的相关性,总结运行期左岸变形的时空分布规律与特点;通过各种观测手段与谷幅变形进行对比分析,对谷幅观测的可靠性进行验证,论证谷幅成果的可靠性和真实性。     

深圳抽水蓄能电厂球阀动水关闭试验研究

为验证深圳抽水蓄能电厂球阀具备动水关闭能力且不会产生有害振动进行了球阀动水关闭试验,获得不同负荷下球阀动水关闭实测各项动应力值及振动位移值。试验数据表明深蓄电厂球阀在不关闭导叶情况下能可靠关闭阻断上游来水,验证了在100%负荷动水关闭球阀最不利工况下,球阀混凝土支墩结构强度满足设计要求,球阀体系的振动位移是安全的,且对设备未产生有害变形及损坏。     

The potential and economic viability of hydrogen production from the use of hydroelectric and wind farms surplus energy in Brazil: A national and pioneering analysis

Energy security is an issue at stake in governments all over the world, and also in Brazil. Although the country's energetic matrix is largely based on hydropower sources, the need for diversification is increasingly needed. The possibility of hybrids between hydropower and wind power for hydrogen production emerges as a clean alternative source for energy security. In high-throughput seasons, excess energy could be used to produce hydrogen, which could supply shortages of energy. This study shows the potential for producing hydrogen in Brazil, using excess energy from hydroelectric and wind farms. Taking into account one hour per day of surplus energy production, it would be possible to generate 6.50E+09 Nm³.y⁻¹ of H₂. On the other hand, considering two and three hours, the H₂ generation would be equal to 1.30E+10 Nm³.y⁻¹ and 2.00E+10 Nm³.y⁻¹, respectively. This study calculated the economic viability for hydrogen production, at a cost of 0.303 USD.kWh⁻¹, a higher cost if compared to that of the wind and hydroelectric plants.     

改进型冷却水管坝后预留槽设计与应用

冷却水管坝后预留槽施工关系到冷却水管连接、坝面外观和后期封堵等问题。采用传统的预留槽布置方案,需要进行预埋木盒的制作、安装以及拆除后的二期混凝土回填等工作,这些工作费工费时,且容易产生质量缺陷。介绍了一种改进型预留槽施工工艺,即在冷却水管外露端头绑扎土工布代替传统的预埋木盒。分析比较表明,该方法可有效减少施工成本和缩短工期,具有很强的推广价值。     

向家坝二纵围堰柔性结构段基础施工技术初探

向家坝水电站二期纵向围堰上游段座落于厚达45～62 m的覆盖层上，为提高接头段深厚覆盖层地基承载力，且保证导流期不同江水位时的堰体稳定，优化调整方案为，将接头段和导水段改为柔性结构。详细介绍了柔性结构段基础处理中所涉及的施工程序、施工技术和异常情况处理等。二纵围堰经过了2009年和2010年两个汛期的考验，安全监测显示与实际运行表明，柔性结构体结构稳定。将导水结构堰体改为柔性结构体，不仅节约了投资，而且保证了二期截流工程按施工总进度计划实施。     

Discharge evaluation from pressure measurements by a genetic algorithm based method

This paper presents an alternative to the Gibson method, for discharge estimation of a turbine inside a hydropower plant. The method proposes a genetic algorithm which includes an integration procedure for the water hammer equations using the method of characteristics. The decision variables are represented by the steady-state regime discharge before the valve closure and the pipe friction factor. The recordings of pressure/differential pressure in measuring sections are used.The method was verified by a numerical experiment and then validated with the measured data in a laboratory experiment at NTNU, Norway.