猪源金黄色葡萄球菌vwb基因分布及对不同动物体外凝血致病作用的研究

为调查猪源金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aurues,S. aureus)对不同动物宿主具有凝血致病作用及是否携带S. aureus凝固酶基因vwb~C、vwb~Sbo4、vwb~Sov2和vwb~Seq1,本文以厦门地区生猪养殖场、屠宰场和终端市场分离的130株S. aureus为研究对象,通过血浆凝固酶实验研究菌株对兔血浆、牛血浆和羊血浆的凝血致病性,采用PCR方法对实验菌株进行vwb~C、vwb~(Sbo4)、vwb~(Sov2)和vwb~(Seq1)基因的扩增。结果表明,兔血浆、牛血浆和羊血浆的阳性凝血率分别为100.00%、28.46%、28.46%。S.aureus凝固酶vwb~C,vwb~(Sbo4)和vwb~(Sov2)基因的检出率分别为100.00%(130/130),26.92%(35/130)和26.93%(38/130),vwb~(Seq1)基因未检出;来自生猪养殖场S.aureus中vwb~(Sbo4)和vwb~(Sov2)基因的检出率以及对牛血浆和羊血浆的阳性凝血率明显高于另外两种来源S. aureus,有显著性差异(p0.05)。研究结果说明猪源S. aureus对不同动物宿主具有凝血致病作用,为猪源S. aureus对不同动物宿主的凝血致病作用和适应性提供研究基础。     

面向气象学向度的新型小气候设计模式——浅谈菲利浦·拉姆的“气象适应性”建筑及环境设计

全球气候变暖一直作为时代新命题而被设计行业着重关注,菲利浦·拉姆作为一名专注于探索建筑设计的先驱者,提出了一种以气象学为导向的新型环境设计模式。本文通过介绍拉姆在"气象适应性"设计方面的探索和实践,从温度、湿度、光照三大策略方向解释了气象适应性设计中"适应气象"和"构建气候"两大概念,并结合其中国台湾地区清翠园实例,着重阐述了气象适应性设计理念在建筑及城市环境设计领域中的应用,以此作为我国未来城市局部环境小气候设计发展趋势的参考。     

基于颗粒阻尼器的曲线桥减震分析与试验

为了将颗粒阻尼器引入到曲线桥减震控制中,设计制作了某典型曲线桥的1/10缩尺试验模型及可用于试验模型桥上的曲型舱颗粒阻尼器(curved-capsule particle damper,简称CPD),基于振动台试验开展了地震波类别和激励方向对该型阻尼器减震效果的影响研究。结果表明:CPD构造简单,可方便快捷地安装于曲线桥上;远场地震波和近断层地震波作用下,CPD沿顺桥向和横桥向均能发挥一定的减震控制效果,对曲线桥动力响应的抑制具有良好的方向适应性;与远场地震波相比,近断层地震波作用下,由于长周期大脉冲的影响,CPD减震控制效果的变异性更大,当在结构自振周期附近存在大脉冲时,CPD的减震控制效果更佳。     

传统村落码头空间改造的适宜性评价研究

综合运用Yaahp软件分析、层次分析法、Delphi法、文献解析与问卷调研等方法,对功能改造活动的调研数据建立判断矩阵,选取22个指标并计算推演指标权重,建立传统村落码头的功能改造的适宜性评价模型,并提出相应的量化评价方法,推导出传统村落码头空间功能改造适应性的七个关键要素。为传统村落的文化传承与功能提升提供决策依据。     

α-葡聚糖酶在模拟炼糖生产条件下的活性变化

α-葡聚糖酶已经在用于甘蔗糖、甜菜糖以及精练糖生产中,其使用环境与一般酶学性质研究时选取的条件具有明显差异。本文结合实际生产条件,通过提前升温加热,调整pH,加入蔗糖到反应底物溶液中来模拟炼糖生产环境,再测定α-葡聚糖酶在不同条件下的活性变化,为生产应用提供数据支撑。在无机盐缓冲体系中,温度的升高和中性到碱性的pH对α-葡聚糖酶的活性影响明显。在55℃,pH 5.5~7.0水浴15 min后,剩余酶活保持在20%到40%的区间。当蔗糖加入反应溶液后,α-葡聚糖酶对温度和pH的适应性会明显提高。当蔗糖浓度达到60°Bx时,α-葡聚糖酶在65℃,pH 5.5~8.0或者75℃,pH 5.5~7.0的条件下,水浴15 min后剩余酶活均可保持40%以上。这说明α-葡聚糖酶在高浓度蔗糖溶液中,热稳定性良好,可以应用在炼糖生产当中。     

Study on the Adaptability of Alkanolamide (LDEA) Lowering Oil/Water Interfacial Tension to Different Crude Oils

In order to investigate the high interfacial activity and fair oil phase adaptability of alkanolamide, “1:1” type lauric acid diethanolamide impurities (LDEA) were synthesized and purified by the column chromatography method to obtain dodecanoic acid diethanolamide (C₁₂DEA), ester mixture, etc. The exact structures of these compounds were further confirmed by IR, gas chromatogrph with mass spectroscopy (GC–MS), and NMR. The influence of each component on the interfacial tension of oil/water (IFT) was studied by systematic quantitative analysis. The results showed that (i) the strength of each system to reduce oil/water IFT is C₁₂DEA /DEA ≈ LDEA > C₁₂DEA/DEA/ESTER > C₁₂DEA/NaOH > C₁₂DEA > C₁₂DEA/ESTER > DEA. This indicates that LDEA contributes to the reduction of the oil/water IFT and the enhanced adaptability of crude oil in this order: DEA > > ESTER; (ii) when the IFT of the LDEA/DEA system reached an ultralow value, the minimum content of DEA in the system was 1%, and the maximum ester content was less than 5% when the LDEA/DEA/ESTER system reached the ultralow IFT; (iii) the possible mechanism of effect of LDEA components on the IFT and oil phase adaptability was proposed as the synergistic process among the hydrogen bonding, alkali effect, and interface self-assembly of molecules in the interfacial layer. The contribution of these three factors were hydrogen bonding > alkali effect > interface self-assembly.     

Temperature adaptability of the soluble lead flow battery using different solutions of fluoborate,perchlorate, methanesulfonate and trifluoromethanesulfonate

The evaluation of cell's weatherability is of practical interest. To further improve the soluble lead flow battery's weatherability, physiochemical properties of electrolytes containing fluoborate, perchlorate, methanesulfonate and trifluoromethanesulfonate are investigated from ?60 to 50 °C. Activities of CF₃SO₃H and HClO₄ are poor in trifluoromethanesulfonate and perchlorate solutions due to common anion effect. The solubility of lead salt can be improved by increasing temperature, but worsened by increasing acid's content. With the temperature increasing, the conductivity is enhanced, and the viscosity is lowered for four solutions. The same results have been found by increasing acid's content except for CF₃SO₃H. The high energy efficiency can be achieved for cells over ?40–0 °C using fluoborate and perchlorate solutions, 73.2% at ?40 °C and 78.1% at ?30 °C respectively. Over the temperature range of 20–50 °C, the cells with methanesulfonate and trifluoromethanesulfonate solutions have good performance, 77.4% and 73.7% at 50 °C respectively.     

论开拓设计及施工对地质构造的迎合

开拓设计及施工必须对地质构造有一个正确的认识,不清楚地质构造,就会给相关的开拓工程造成不必要的损失。相反,充分了解和掌握了地质构造情况,还会使开拓工程的利用事半功倍。     

急斜近距煤层水平分段轻型液压支架放顶煤联合开采的实践

论述了碱沟煤矿采用急斜近距煤层水平分段轻型支架放顶煤采煤方法的科学性。新型采煤法的实施有利于避免急斜近距煤层开采的相互影响，提高生产能力和采出率，形成规范的通风系统。进一步论述了这种新型采煤法回采工艺的独特性和液压支架的适应性，得出采用这种特殊的回采工艺和液压支架保证了作业安全，有利于高产高效，而且适应了联合开采后顶煤的放出过程、围岩破坏和矿压显现特征。并提出了进一步改进采煤方法，完善工作面生产体系的建议。     

煤炭开发西移进程的适应性决策系统

论述了煤炭开发重点西移进程所取决的煤炭消费需求增长，与国民经济发展速度，节能率，一次能源构成之间 关系，提出了煤炭生产与消费相适应的决策系统；分析了煤炭开发重点西移的趋势和可能出现的一种状态。