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1.
旱灾具有出现频率高、持续时间长、波及范围广等特点,本文运用降水距平百分率、Z指数、SPI标准化降水指数,对朝阳地区50a(1969~2018)干旱特征进行分析。结果表明:Z指数与SPI标准化降水指标得到的朝阳地区干旱特征情况基本一致,能较好地反映出该地区的干旱特征,朝阳地区1969~2018年自然灾害频繁发生,严重干旱年份主要集中在1980、1981、1982 年,与实际相符。 相似文献
2.
《Soils and Foundations》2022,62(6):101246
This study analyzed the effect of different treatment methods in enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) on the mechanical properties of soil. Soybean crude urease was used to catalyze the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). A multiple-phase method was proposed and further compared with commonly practiced EICP treatment methods (including the one-phase method, two-phase method, and premix-and-compact method) from the aspects of chemical conversion efficiency, CaCO3 precipitation distribution, permeability, and unconfined compressive strength. Based on the findings, the characteristics of each method were further discussed and summarized. Although the enzymatic CaCO3 precipitation generated from all the treatment methods could potentiate the soil strength to a great or less degree, using the proposed multiple-phase method could bring about a high chemical conversion efficiency, uniform distribution of CaCO3 as well as preferable permeability retention. In addition, the multiple-phase method could significantly improve the efficiency of urease usage. 相似文献
3.
Pengyu Xu Hao Wang Wenjun Cui Qiangguo Chen Bingtian Tu Xiahan Sang Weimin Wang Zhengyi Fu 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(6):3735-3739
Here we report a transparent dual-phase ZnO·2.7Al2O3 ceramic. The composite is pore-free and consists of thin nanosheets with a spinel phase and a hexagonal phase, while the two phases match closely in both lattice and refractive index. Such features result in excellent optical transmittance (maximum value >80% in the visible spectrum) at comparable phase volume. This work may provide a new thought for the rational structural design of optical nanocomposites. 相似文献
4.
Lindsey Yue Alicia Bayon Wojciech Lipiński 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(8):e17267
The effects of particle size and carbon dioxide concentration on chemical conversion in engineered spherical particles undergoing calcium oxide looping are investigated. Particles are thermochemically cycled in a furnace under different carbon dioxide concentrations. Changes in composition due to chemical reactions are measured using thermogravimetric analysis. Gas composition at the furnace exit is evaluated with mass spectroscopy. A numerical model of thermal transport phenomena developed previously is adapted to match the physical system investigated in the present study. The model is used to elucidate effects of reacting medium characteristics on particle temperature and reaction extent. Experimental and numerical results show that (1) an increase in particle size results in a decrease in carbonation extent, and (2) the carbonation step consists of fast and slow reaction regimes. The reaction rates in the fast and slow carbonation regimes increase with increasing carbon dioxide concentration. The effect of carbon dioxide concentration and the distinction between the fast and slow regimes become more pronounced with increasing particle size. 相似文献
5.
The combined effect of resistance spot welding and precipitation hardening on the localised corrosion of A286 superalloy is studied. The specimens tested by double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation were welded in the solution treated condition, and then subjected to different precipitation hardening treatments. For both base metal and weld nugget, the maximum localised corrosion is reached when η phase is clearly observable. The fact that the localised corrosion resistance of weld nugget is different from that shown by base metal may be explained by the segregation of Ni and Ti towards the interdendritic region of weld nugget (studied by using scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray analysis). 相似文献
6.
本文以竹荪为原料提取多糖成分并以乙醇分级制备竹荪多糖(DPs)不同组分,通过青春双歧杆菌体外增殖试验初步评价竹荪多糖及其分级醇沉组分的益生元功效。结果显示在α-淀粉酶溶液中水解4 h后,20%、40%、50%、60%竹荪多糖醇沉组分水解度分别为9.10%、8.02%、8.88%、11.67%,与对照组菊粉(水解度13.15%)相比差异显著(P<0.05);80%竹荪多糖醇沉组分、未分级醇沉组分与菊粉对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。在模拟胃液中水解6 h后,20%、40%、50%竹荪多糖醇沉组分水解度分别为17.30%、14.52%、9.61%,与对照组菊粉(水解度5.72%)相比差异显著(P<0.05);60%竹荪多糖醇沉组分、80%竹荪多糖醇沉组分、未分级醇沉组分水解度与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着竹荪多糖添加量的增加,青春双歧杆菌的菌体浓度呈现先增大而后不断减小的趋势。分级醇沉浓度达到80%的竹荪多糖组分和未分级的多糖组分,青春双歧杆菌体外增殖作用与pH下降显著且效果优于菊粉(P<0.05),并在20 h的发酵时间内两者表现出相似的效果。不同竹荪多糖醇沉组分对青春双歧杆菌均有增殖效果,且不同竹荪多糖醇沉组分的增殖效果和抗水解能力随乙醇浓度的增加而增强,未分级的多糖组分同样可以加强青春双歧杆菌增殖能力,具有益生元潜力。 相似文献
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8.
In this study, both naturally occurring and artificial amino acids were successfully transformed into the corresponding urethane derivatives using diphenyl carbonate. The urethanes thus prepared could be efficiently cyclized into amino acid N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) without the requirement of phosgene. In addition, the presence of primary amines converted the urethane derivatives into NCAs and initiated the ring‐opening polymerization of the in situ formed NCAs, allowing for the well‐defined synthesis of polypeptides. These polypeptides contained initiating ends functionalized by an amine‐derived residue and propagating ends bearing the reactive amino group. By precise control of the structures of the polypeptides, various polypeptide conjugates such as block copolymers and graft copolymers were successfully synthesized as designed, and their applications in antifouling coatings against proteins, drug delivery systems and biosensors were demonstrated. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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10.
碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)是一种环境友好型的不对称碳酸酯,因其独特的结构性质被广泛用作溶剂或有机合成中间体,特别是随着锂离子电池的迅猛发展,其作为电池电解液主要成分市场需求量急增。文中简单介绍了光气法、氧化羰化法和酯交换法合成碳酸甲乙酯的研究进展。重点针对最具发展前景的酯交换法合成EMC工艺路线中所用催化剂进行了综述;讨论和分析了该路线所用催化剂的类型、结构、性质及性能,并对当前研究中存在的问题进行了归纳和分析总结。最后本文分析并展望了酯交换法合成EMC催化剂的研究方向及新型合成工艺发展趋势,提出研发经济、高效、稳定且制备工艺简单的非均相催化剂,并与反应精馏技术耦合是今后的主要发展趋势,期望为EMC的高效合成提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献