全文获取类型
收费全文 | 47219篇 |
免费 | 4799篇 |
国内免费 | 3053篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 3199篇 |
技术理论 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 6254篇 |
化学工业 | 4533篇 |
金属工艺 | 1801篇 |
机械仪表 | 2816篇 |
建筑科学 | 4728篇 |
矿业工程 | 1629篇 |
能源动力 | 1855篇 |
轻工业 | 770篇 |
水利工程 | 1471篇 |
石油天然气 | 1372篇 |
武器工业 | 760篇 |
无线电 | 4968篇 |
一般工业技术 | 5911篇 |
冶金工业 | 2465篇 |
原子能技术 | 554篇 |
自动化技术 | 9977篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 68篇 |
2023年 | 748篇 |
2022年 | 1016篇 |
2021年 | 1304篇 |
2020年 | 1487篇 |
2019年 | 1292篇 |
2018年 | 1239篇 |
2017年 | 1505篇 |
2016年 | 1603篇 |
2015年 | 1657篇 |
2014年 | 2651篇 |
2013年 | 3140篇 |
2012年 | 3106篇 |
2011年 | 3473篇 |
2010年 | 2772篇 |
2009年 | 2853篇 |
2008年 | 2848篇 |
2007年 | 3185篇 |
2006年 | 2916篇 |
2005年 | 2544篇 |
2004年 | 2096篇 |
2003年 | 1765篇 |
2002年 | 1492篇 |
2001年 | 1255篇 |
2000年 | 1018篇 |
1999年 | 859篇 |
1998年 | 678篇 |
1997年 | 630篇 |
1996年 | 553篇 |
1995年 | 499篇 |
1994年 | 418篇 |
1993年 | 337篇 |
1992年 | 311篇 |
1991年 | 265篇 |
1990年 | 215篇 |
1989年 | 201篇 |
1988年 | 168篇 |
1987年 | 87篇 |
1986年 | 103篇 |
1985年 | 87篇 |
1984年 | 87篇 |
1983年 | 57篇 |
1982年 | 66篇 |
1981年 | 44篇 |
1980年 | 33篇 |
1979年 | 35篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 27篇 |
1964年 | 26篇 |
1955年 | 36篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Makoto Yamaguchi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(14):50172
Perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer membranes have been widely used as proton conducting membranes in various electrochemical processes such as polymer electrolyte fuel cells and water electrolysis. While their thermal stability has been studied by thermogravimetry and analysis of low molecular weight products, their decomposition mechanism is little understood. In this study a newly developed methodology of thermal desorption and pyrolysis in combination with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry is applied for Nafion membrane. An ambient ionization source and a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer enabled unambiguous assignment of gaseous products. Thermal decomposition is initiated by side chain detachment above 350°C, which leaves carbonyls on the main chain at the locations of the side chains. Perfluoroalkanes are released above 400°C by main chain scission and their further decomposition products dominate above 500 °C. DFT calculation of reaction energies and barrier heights of model compounds support proposed decomposition reactions. 相似文献
2.
Özgür Sevgi Canarslan Levent Koroglu Erhan Ayas Necip Suat Canarslan Alpagut Kara Paolo Veronesi 《Ceramics International》2021,47(1):828-835
In the present study, 17 wt % TiN reinforced α-β SiAlON composites were sintered at low temperature by susceptor-assisted microwave heating. The effect of TiN addition on dielectrical properties of starting powders, as well as the influence of sintering temperature on phase evolution, microstructure development and mechanical properties of α/β-SiAlON-TiN composites were investigated. The obtained results showed that TiN addition increased the microwave absorbing properties which is reflected in the peak sintering temperature. Thus, the α:β ratio decreased and mechanical properties were improved, especially the fracture toughness of the composites. Furthermore, an estimate of energy consumption during microwave assisted sintering at the laboratory scale is presented. As a result, the highest values for relative density (97.1%), Vickers hardness (13.35 ± 0.47 GPa), and fracture toughness (7.52 ± 0.54 MPa m1/2) were obtained by microwave sintering for 30 min at 1300 °C. 相似文献
3.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(19):27351-27360
A series of xPbO–(45-x)CuO–55B2O3 glasses (5 ≤ x ≥ 40 mol %) were prepared by the melt-quenching technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the prepared glasses are found to have amorphous structure. An extensive ultrasonic study has been made to explore the structural role of PbO and CuO in the borate network. Various elastic properties were calculated from the measured data of density and ultrasonic velocity. Ultrasonic velocity and elastic moduli revealed broad humps at about 20 mol % PbO, which are attributed to the borate anomaly. Below 20 mol % PbO, all Pb2+ ions are considered to be entering the borate network as a glass modifier. This results in the transforms the borate network from an open structure to a denser three-dimensional structure due to BO3 → BO4 conversion. Beyond 20 mol, addition of PbO results in the formation of metaborate, pyroborate, and orthoborate units with NBOs. This weakness the glass structure and decrease both ultrasonic velocity and elastic moduli. The elastic properties were predicted and quantitatively analyzed by taking into account the effect of boron coordination number on the compositional and structural parameters involved in Makishima–Mackenzie's theory, ring deformation model and bond compression model. An excellent agreement between the computed theoretical and experimental elastic moduli, micro-harness and Poisson's ratio was achieved for majority of samples. 相似文献
4.
Junqi Chen Weishuang Fang Yifan Zhai Feihu Li Ying Tang Jie Li Huanhuan Guo Liang Fang 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(8):4473-4477
Orthorhombic-structured CaIn2O4 ceramics with a space group Pca21 were synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. A high relative density (95.6 %) and excellent microwave dielectric properties (εr ~11.28, Qf = 74,200 GHz, τf ~ ?4.6 ppm/°C) were obtained when the ceramics were sintered at 1375 °C for 6 h. The dielectric properties were investigated on the basis of the Phillips–Van Vechten–Levine chemical bond theory. Results indicated that the dielectric properties were mainly determined by the InO bonds in the CaIn2O4 ceramics. These bonds contributed more (74.65 %) to the dielectric constant than the CaO bonds (25.35 %). Furthermore, the intrinsic dielectric properties of the CaIn2O4 ceramics were investigated via infrared reflectivity spectroscopy. The extrapolated microwave dielectric properties were εr ~10.12 and Qf = 112,200 GHz. Results indicated that ion polarization is the main contributor to the dielectric constant in microwave frequency ranges. 相似文献
5.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(24):34845-34850
The interfacial delamination of electrode/ceramic multilayer structure will seriously damage the reliability of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) module in practical applications. In this work, three kinds of glasses employed in Au electrode are designed and prepared to study the abnormal expansion and delamination process in the Au/ceramic LTCC multilayer structure. The interfacial delamination in the co-fired structure is found to be attributed to the abnormal expansion of glass in respect to Au electrode at high temperature, which is originated from the enlarged closed pores during the co-firing process. This conclusion is further confirmed by co-firing the sample in a low-pressure condition. The mechanism and elimination of interfacial delamination here provides a feasible solution for the design of novel glasses in Au electrode for LTCC applications. 相似文献
6.
Narrow linewidth light source is a prerequisite for high-performance coherent optical communication and sensing.Waveguide-based external cavity narrow linewidth semiconductor lasers(WEC-NLSLs)have become a competitive and attractive candidate for many coherent applications due to their small size,volume,low energy consumption,low cost and the ability to integrate with other optical components.In this paper,we present an overview of WEC-NLSLs from their required technologies to the state-of-the-art progress.Moreover,we highlight the common problems occurring to current WEC-NLSLs and show the possible approaches to resolving the issues.Finally,we present the possible development directions for the next phase and hope this review will be beneficial to the advancements of WEC-NLSLs. 相似文献
7.
Minsu Kang Jooyong Lee Sangyoon Ko Dr. Sang-Hee Shim 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(8):1396-1399
Expansion microscopy combined with single-molecule localization microscopy (ExSMLM) has a potential for approaching molecular resolution. However, ExSMLM faces multiple challenges such as loss of fluorophores and proteins during polymerization, digestion or denaturation, and an increase in linkage error arising from the distance between the fluorophore and the target molecule. Here, we introduce a trifunctional streptavidin to link the target, fluorophore and gel matrix via a biotinylizable peptide tag. The resultant ExSMLM images of vimentin filaments demonstrated high labeling efficiency and a minimal linkage error of ∼5 nm. Our ExSMLM provides a simple and practical means for fluorescence imaging with molecular resolution. 相似文献
8.
为研究辐照时处于电子激发态下第一壁材料钨(W)的结构演化规律和热力学性质,采用紧束缚方法对聚变堆中W的物理性质进行理论研究。结果表明,体系在高能粒子辐照下诱导的电子激发导致了体系中被辐照的区域自发出现微孔、晶格急剧膨胀、熔点下降等现象。具体地,在中等电子温度(~5 000 K)以下,W的晶格膨胀主要由晶格温度驱动,但在电子温度较高时电子温度导致被辐照区域的晶格膨胀效应不可被忽略。特别是当电子温度很高(>10 000 K)时,即便晶格温度不高,电子温度也会导致很大程度晶格膨胀。这对认识聚变堆中第一壁材料W在服役过程中的物理状态十分重要。 相似文献
9.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(3):1752-1764
Subsurface hydrogen (H2) storage in geological formations is of growing interest for decarbonization. However, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the multiphase flow involved in this process, which can have a significant impact on the recovery performance of H2. Therefore, a full-compositional modeling study was conducted to analyze potential issues and to understand the fundamental hydrodynamic mechanisms of H2 storage. We performed a range of 2D vertical simulations at the decametre scale with a very fine cell size (0.1 m) to observe the detailed flow behaviour of H2 with carbon dioxide (CO2) as cushion gas in various flow regimes. Issues such as viscous instability, capillary bypassing, gas trapping and gravity segregation are analysed here. To generalize our calculations, we have validated and applied the scaling theory in the context of subsurface H2 storage. Since this study is focused on the hydrodynamic behaviour, three dimensionless groups, including aspect factor, capillary/viscous ratio and gravity/viscous ratio were identified to correlate recovery performance between various scales in a fixed heterogeneous system. It was found that H2 could infiltrate the cushion gas in the proximity of the injectors, meaning that CO2 is not displaced away from the injectors in a piston-like fashion. As a result, the purity of the back produced H2 is much degraded, particularly in a viscous-dominated scenario. On the other hand, the injected H2 mostly accumulates at the top forming a highly restricted mixing zone with CO2 in the gravity-dominated case. The recovery performance is therefore much improved in this case. Although the gas distribution can be significantly altered by capillary forces leading to bypassed zones, the recovery performance of H2 is hardly influenced. This is because the back-produced H2 recovery is not dependent on the sweep efficiency of the gas. H2 can be back produced following the same paths which were formed during injection. 相似文献
10.
为解决传统预浸水法存在的浸水时间长、浸水处理范围难以确定等不足,基于土体中水分运移规律,依据可靠度理论、极限状态设计方法及复合 Poisson 过程原理,提出一种消除黄土湿陷性的处理浸水方法——预钻孔浸水法。给出了利用预钻孔浸水法对自重湿陷性黄土地基进行浸水时,水平向及竖直向浸水影响范围的确定模型;在此基础上结合达西定律给出了浸水孔设计参数如孔深、孔间距及浸水孔个数的确定方法。结合铜川某工程,设计进行了现场预钻孔浸水试验,对该方法的合理性进行了验证,并通过现场钻探、现场勘探、室内湿陷性试验等方法对该方法的处理效果进行了评价。该浸水方法具有浸水时间短、浸水影响范围可根据浸水孔布设进行控制等优点,且浸水处理效果良好,完全符合施工要求。 相似文献