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1.
怒江金丝猴是最新发现的世界上第五种金丝猴,种群数量极少,为我国一级重点保护野生动物。为探究怒江金丝猴的适生状况,基于怒江金丝猴的现代地理分布使用MaxEnt模型预测其现代及未来气候条件下的潜在适生分布区,并使用ENMeval数据包对参数进行调整,采用受试者工作特征曲线和刀切法对预测结果进行检验。研究结果表明:在最优参数下,MaxEnt模型在预测怒江金丝猴的适生区时表现良好,AUC值达到0.9995。温度变化系数、最冷季度平均温度、最冷季度降水量和归一化植被指数是影响怒江金丝猴适生区分布的主导变量。现代气候条件下,怒江金丝猴的高适生区集中于怒江两岸的高黎贡山与怒山,面积为6207 km2;未来气候条件下,伴随全球变暖,怒江金丝猴在中国西南部的适生区向外扩散延伸至金沙江,各类型适生区面积均有所增加。  相似文献   
2.
黄河源区水源涵养能力研究综述   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
黄河源区是黄河流域的主要产流区和水源涵养区,近年来源区径流量呈下降趋势,气温、降水、辐射、潜在蒸散发等是影响水源涵养的主要气候因素,草地退化、湿地萎缩、冻土消融也使得水源涵养单元受到显著影响。为科学认识和理解黄河源区水源涵养功能对湿地保护、水资源调蓄的重要意义,总结了水源涵养功能及其评估方法,阐述了黄河源区生态景观演变过程和泥炭地储水量研究现状,分析了不同水源涵养单元对源区水源涵养能力的影响。指出融合多种研究手段、方法,多尺度、多过程、多要素揭示黄河源区水源涵养变化机理是未来黄河源区水源涵养功能研究的发展方向。  相似文献   
3.
Temperature is one of the critical factors affecting gene expression in bacteria. Despite the general interest in the link between bacterial phenotypes and environmental temperature, little is known about temperature-dependent gene expression in plant pathogenic Pectobacterium atrosepticum, a causative agent of potato blackleg and tuber soft rot worldwide. In this study, twenty-nine P. atrosepticum SCRI1043 thermoregulated genes were identified using Tn5-based transposon mutagenesis coupled with an inducible promotorless gusA gene as a reporter. From the pool of 29 genes, 14 were up-regulated at 18 °C, whereas 15 other genes were up-regulated at 28 °C. Among the thermoregulated loci, genes involved in primary bacterial metabolism, membrane-related proteins, fitness-corresponding factors, and several hypothetical proteins were found. The Tn5 mutants were tested for their pathogenicity in planta and for features that are likely to remain important for the pathogen to succeed in the (plant) environment. Five Tn5 mutants expressed visible phenotypes differentiating these mutants from the phenotype of the SCRI1043 wild-type strain. The gene disruptions in the Tn5 transposon mutants caused alterations in bacterial generation time, ability to form a biofilm, production of lipopolysaccharides, and virulence on potato tuber slices. The consequences of environmental temperature on the ability of P. atrosepticum to cause disease symptoms in potato are discussed.  相似文献   
4.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(2):1451-1483
Metal/ceramic composites are in high demand in several industries because of their superior thermo-mechanical properties. Among various composite types, the interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs) with percolating metallic and ceramic phases offer manifold benefits, such as a good combination of strength, toughness, and stiffness, very good thermal properties, excellent wear resistance, as well as the flexibility of microstructure and processing route selection, etc. The fabrication of metal/ceramic IPCs typically involves two steps - i) processing of an open porous ceramic body, and ii) infiltration of metallic melt in the pores to fabricate the IPC. Although significant progress has been made in recent years for developing both porous ceramics and melt infiltration methods, to the best of the knowledge of the authors, no review article summarizing all the aspects of processing and properties of IPCs has been published till date. This review article is aimed at filling this gap. Starting with a brief introduction about the current status and applications of IPCs, the various processing routes for fabricating open porous ceramic preforms and melt infiltration techniques have been discussed. Subsequently, the data available for various important physical, mechanical, and thermal properties for IPCs have been critically analyzed to thoroughly understand their dependence on various structural and processing parameters. To compare the properties of IPCs with other relevant materials, seven different Ashby material property maps have been used, and the domains for IPCs have been created in them. For each map, the concept of material indices has been employed to critically discuss how IPCs perform in relation to other material classes for various optimum design conditions. Finally, a detailed future outlook for further research on IPCs has been provided.  相似文献   
5.
Edge Computing is one of the radically evolving systems through generations as it is able to effectively meet the data saving standards of consumers, providers and the workers. Requisition for Edge Computing based items have been increasing tremendously. Apart from the advantages it holds, there remain lots of objections and restrictions, which hinders it from accomplishing the need of consumers all around the world. Some of the limitations are constraints on computing and hardware, functions and accessibility, remote administration and connectivity. There is also a backlog in security due to its inability to create a trust between devices involved in encryption and decryption. This is because security of data greatly depends upon faster encryption and decryption in order to transfer it. In addition, its devices are considerably exposed to side channel attacks, including Power Analysis attacks that are capable of overturning the process. Constrained space and the ability of it is one of the most challenging tasks. To prevail over from this issue we are proposing a Cryptographic Lightweight Encryption Algorithm with Dimensionality Reduction in Edge Computing. The t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding is one of the efficient dimensionality reduction technique that greatly decreases the size of the non-linear data. The three dimensional image data obtained from the system, which are connected with it, are dimensionally reduced, and then lightweight encryption algorithm is employed. Hence, the security backlog can be solved effectively using this method.  相似文献   
6.
The quality and safety of maize (Zea mays L.) from different grain storage units (GSUs), located in the main producing region of Rondônia State, Northern Brazil, were evaluated. Maize grains (n = 76) stored in four GSUs were collected from July to November 2014 and evaluated for grain damages, humidity, fungi and fumonisins (FBs) content. The climate conditions data were also obtained from plant growing to storage periods. Regarding the moisture content and water activity (aw), these varied from 10.0% to 16.1% and 0.5 to 0.8, respectively. As expected, fungi spores were present in 94.8% of the samples, prevailing Fusarium genera, with a fungi colony maximum of 2.2 × 104 CFU g?1. Regarding FBs, 60.5% of the samples were contaminated, below Brazilian and United States maximum limits, but 9.2% had levels higher than the European legislation.  相似文献   
7.
The current article discusses the H disturbance attenuation control design problem for one‐sided Lipschitz systems in finite frequency domain. Models containing norm‐bounded parameter uncertainties, disturbances, and input nonlinearities are considered. By contrast to existing full frequency methods, the H controller is computed depending on the frequency ranges of disturbances. The finite frequency disturbance attenuation index is initially defined. Thanks to Finsler's lemma, sufficient and less conservative analysis conditions are also derived for the closed‐loop system. Then, synthesis conditions in the low, middle, and high frequency ranges as well as the whole frequency range, are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. At last, to prove the effectiveness and the superiority of the proposed approach, a physical example is used and a comparative study is done.  相似文献   
8.
论设计气候效应:兼论气候变化下的设计应对策略   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
沈清基  洪治中  安纳 《风景园林》2020,27(12):26-31
设计作为一种特殊的人类活动,事实上已经成为气候变化的重要影响因素之一。基于这一认知,提出“设计气候效应”概念,论述设计气候效应的特征及构成、表征方法及研究框架,并从底限效应、效率效应、物质效应、型塑效应、生态效应5类设计气候效应着手,从安全策略、预防策略、优材策略、原型策略、低碳化策略等方面探讨了提升正向设计效应以应对气候变化的设计策略。  相似文献   
9.
气候变化背景下风景园林的功能定位及应对策略   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
刘长松 《风景园林》2020,27(12):75-79
风景园林是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,在城市应对气候变化与提升可持续发展水平方面具有重要作用。国外的城市建设实践表明,通过合理的规划设计,风景园林可以有效促进低碳韧性城市建设。从宏观战略视角对气候变化背景下风景园林在城市发展中的功能定位及应对策略作出全面系统性分析,研究识别风景园林在城市应对气候变化中的三大功能定位,分别是气候灾害防护功能、绿色基础设施功能与碳汇功能;研究提出风景园林应对气候变化的五大设计策略,分别是低碳风景园林设计策略、气候适应性设计策略、城市生态安全设计策略、以人体健康为中心的设计策略以及行业转型升级发展应对策略,以期加快推动碳中和园林及气候适应型园林建设,为城市减缓和适应气候变化发挥积极作用。  相似文献   
10.
为探究气候因子对湘东烟区烤烟氯、钾含量的影响,对茶陵县2012—2018年间烤烟氯、钾含量及其与主要气候因子之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明,湘东茶陵烟区烤烟大田期平均气温23.0℃,≥10℃活动积温2 909.5℃,降雨量865.6 mm,日照时数529.5 h,属于适宜种植优质烤烟地区。2012年至2018年钾含量均处于适宜范围内,部分年度中、下部烟叶氯含量偏低。相关分析表明,上部烟叶氯含量与上部叶采收期气温、≥10℃积温、≥20℃积温显著负相关;中部烟叶氯含量与伸根期≥20℃积温显著正相关,而钾含量与下部叶采收期和大田期≥10℃积温显著正相关;下部烟叶钾含量与伸根期气温和≥10℃积温显著正相关;氯、钾含量与降雨量均无显著相关。雨水淋溶可能是造成茶陵烟区烟叶氯离子含量偏低的主要原因,而提高伸根期土壤温度可提高烟叶钾、氯含量。  相似文献   
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