动力蓄电池包挤压失效仿真与实验

为提高动力蓄电池包挤压仿真的精度，将延性损伤准则引入到有限元仿真，通过单轴拉伸试验、纯剪切试验与缺口件拉伸试验与有限元仿真，获得了某动力蓄电池包结构所用材料6061-T6铝合金的延性损伤参数。型材三点弯曲试验、动力蓄电池包挤压试验与有限元仿真的结果表明：输入延性损伤参数的有限元仿真结果与试验结果误差小，能较为准确地模拟铝合金损伤对结构承载性能的影响；不考虑材料失效的结果与试验结果误差较大。     

Recycled paperboard with a barrier layer for food contact: set-off during stacking or reeling. Analytical method and preliminary results

The use of recycled paperboard for packaging dry foods is in the interest of sustainability of resources, but in most applications, the food must be protected against contamination, such as by a functional barrier on the internal surface of the paperboard box. After application, the paperboard is usually stacked or reeled before making boxes. During this period, the food-contact surface of the barrier layer is in contact with the outer side of the paperboard, which may result in set-off and subsequent contamination of food. A method is described for the determination of this path of migration, based on the taped format also used for the measurement of the barrier efficiency. Recycled paperboard containing the three surrogate substances n-heptadecane, 4-methyl benzophenone and dipropyl phthalate was taped to the food-contact side of the barrier layer. Pressure onto the test packs did not seem to be a relevant parameter. After periods of interest, a piece of the paperboard with the barrier layer was extracted and analysed for the surrogate substances. Another piece may be brought into contact with silicone paper to simulate the transfer to food. After 2 weeks at 60°C (simulating about 1 year at 25°C), set-off and the transfer to the silicone paper exceeded 1% for all barrier materials tested, but after 6 weeks at 40°C (around half a year at 25°C), set-off remained below 1% for all barrier layers except a multilayer with polyethylene on the food-contact surface. The preliminary conclusion is that set-off should be taken seriously, but may be kept low enough to provide sufficient protection of the packed food.     

A stiffness parameter and truncation error criterion for adaptive path following in structural mechanics

We explore a truncation error criterion to steer adaptive step length refinement and coarsening in incremental-iterative path following procedures, applied to problems in large-deformation structural mechanics. Elaborating on ideas proposed by Bergan and collaborators in the 1970s, we first describe an easily computable scalar stiffness parameter whose sign and rate of change provide reliable information on the local behavior and complexity of the equilibrium path. We then derive a simple scaling law that adaptively adjusts the length of the next step based on the rate of change of the stiffness parameter at previous points on the path. We show that this scaling is equivalent to keeping a local truncation error constant in each step. We demonstrate with numerical examples that our adaptive method follows a path with a significantly reduced number of points compared to an analysis with uniform step length of the same fidelity level. A comparison with Abaqus illustrates that the truncation error criterion effectively concentrates points around the smallest-scale features of the path, which is generally not possible with automatic incrementation solely based on local convergence properties.     

纤维金属层板铆接剩余强度影响因素研究

为研究单搭铆接接头中纤维金属层板耦合损伤行为，运用金属硬化Johnson-Cook失效准则、纤维增强复合材料三维Hashin损伤准则、脱层B-K失效理论以及刚度退化失效准则建立了纤维金属层板铆接渐进失效模型，并结合实验验证了模型的合理性。考察了单搭铆接二次弯曲效应、层板铝合金体积分数、预紧力、层板孔边距对纤维金属层板铆接强度和失效模式的影响，为提高纤维金属层板铆接剩余强度提供可靠建议。分析结果表明：二次弯曲效应加速损伤发生，从而降低层板铆接强度，其中偏心加载可以削弱二次弯曲效应，更好地提高铆接强度；层板铝合金体积分数的增大能够提高层板铆接强度，但当体积分数大于50%时层板铆接比刚度和比强度反而下降；预紧力的增加能够提高层板铆接强度和增强层板损伤抗力；随着孔边距的递增，铆接剩余强度有所提高，破坏模式由灾难性拉断失效模式逐渐转化为理想的挤压失效模式，但当孔边距达到一定数值时，铆接强度不再明显提高，而失效模式也维持为挤压破坏。     

断裂准则对TC4钛合金板抗卵形头弹冲击的影响

为了解TC4钛合金的抗冲击力学性能，利用一级轻气炮进行了卵形头弹冲击TC4钛合金靶板的试验，撞击速度范围为125.9~240.0 m/s。通过撞击试验获得弹体的初始-剩余速度以及靶板的失效破坏模式，并利用公式拟合弹体初始-剩余速度得到弹道极限速度。利用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元软件建立弹体冲击靶体的三维模型，研究断裂准则对TC4钛合金板抗卵形头弹冲击性能的影响，分别采用不同断裂准则进行数值模拟，并将数值模拟预测结果与试验结果进行对比。研究结果表明，从弹道极限和失效破坏模式综合考虑，Hancock-Mackenzie (H-M) 准则预测的结果与试验结果更接近，说明考虑失效应变随应力三轴度的变化关系能提高数值仿真精度。     

Mohr-Coulomb准则下倾斜矿柱稳定性的安全系数法

地下矿床开采中,矿柱的稳定是矿床安全高效开采的基础,是采场作业人员的安全保障。以弹性力学理论为基础,分析正应力和剪应力共同作用下倾斜矿柱的受力状态,应用图解法绘制出表征矿柱应力状态的应力圆。根据应力圆与Mohr-Coulomb强度包络线之间的关系,建立了考虑矿体倾角及矿柱受正、剪应力共同作用下矿柱的安全系数解析式。应用该安全系数解析式能很好评价任意倾角矿柱的稳定性,并分析了水平矿体时,以安全系数评价的矿柱稳定性与实际矿柱稳定状态吻合。最后分析了应力圆圆心所在直线斜率tanβ、矿体倾角θ等因素对倾斜矿柱稳定性的影响。研究表明:应力圆圆心所在直线斜率tanβ是矿体倾角θ及侧压系数λ的二元函数,对每个侧压系数λ,tanβ均能取得一次最大值,且侧压系数λ值不同,tanβ取得最大值亦不同;当侧压系数λ∈[0,1]时,tanβ取得最大值时对应的矿体倾角θ∈[45°,90°];当tanβ取得最大值时,矿柱的安全系数最小,矿柱最容易失稳;随矿体倾角的增大,矿体安全系数呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势。     

积分中值屈服准则解析厚板轧制椭圆速度场

为解决非线性Mises比塑性功率积分困难以及由此导致的轧制功率解析式难以获得的问题,本文通过建立并利用线性比塑性功率表达式对提出的椭圆速度场进行能量分析,得到了轧制力能参数的解析解.文中通过对变角度屈服函数求积分中值,构建了一个新的屈服准则,它是主应力分量的线性组合,在π平面上的轨迹是逼近Mises圆的等边非等角的十二边形,其基于Lode参数表达式的理论结果也与实验数据吻合较好.同时,根据厚板轧制时金属流动速度从入口到出口逐渐增大的特点,提出了水平速度分量满足椭圆方程的速度场,该速度场满足运动许可条件.通过相应的轧制能量分析,获得了基于线性屈服准则的内部变形功率以及基于应变矢量内积法上的摩擦功率与剪切功率.在此之上,通过泛函的极值变分导出了轧制力矩、轧制力以及应力状态系数的解析解,并与现场实测数据进行了对比,结果表明利用本文提出的屈服准则与速度场所建立的轧制力矩与轧制力模型与实测值吻合较好,其中轧制力误差小于5.3%,轧制力矩误差在6%左右.     

尾矿库排渗系统反滤设计研究进展

水平排渗管、辐射井为当前典型的尾矿库排渗系统，无纺土工布为排渗管（辐射管）主要反滤材料，但其反滤层缺乏严格的反滤设计，反滤特性差异较大。通过总结典型反滤层结构及各组成部分对反滤性能的影响、现有反滤准则及反滤试验技术、反滤层耐久性研究进展，总结了尾矿料统计特征、土工布特征参数、土工布反滤层反滤过程等方面的研究进展，指出了尾矿库排渗系统反滤设计领域今后的几个研究方向：尾矿料物理力学特性对反滤层的影响研究，土工布特征表征方法研究，土工布特征参数测量方法研究，长期反滤试验方法与试验设备研究，土工布反滤层反滤过程数值研究，为尾矿库排渗系统反滤设计研究提供参考。