江西省水系连通及水美乡村建设试点县实施方案编制存在的问题及对策

为提高水系连通及水美乡村建设试点县实施方案编制质量，更好地参加全国竞争性立项，本文分析研究了江西省55个水系连通及水美乡村建设试点县实施方案和相应的专家评审意见，对实施方案编制过程中存在的符合性、完整性不够，实施范围情况调查不准等七个方面突出问题进行梳理剖析，并提出相应对策，可为实施方案编制提供参考。     

Emergency decision support modeling for COVID-19 based on spherical fuzzy information

Significant emergency measures should be taken until an emergency event occurs. It is understood that the emergency is characterized by limited time and information, harmfulness and uncertainty, and decision-makers are always critically bound by uncertainty and risk. This paper introduces many novel approaches to addressing the emergency situation of COVID-19 under spherical fuzzy environment. Fundamentally, the paper includes six main sections to achieve appropriate and accurate measures to address the situation of emergency decision-making. As the spherical fuzzy set (FS) is a generalized framework of fuzzy structure to handle more uncertainty and ambiguity in decision-making problems (DMPs). First, we discuss basic algebraic operational laws (AOLs) under spherical FS. In addition, elaborate on the deficiency of existing AOLs and present three cases to address the validity of the proposed novel AOLs under spherical fuzzy settings. Second, we present a list of Einstein aggregation operators (AgOp) based on the Einstein norm to aggregate uncertain information in DMPs. Thirdly, we are introducing two techniques to demonstrate the unknown weight of the criteria. Fourthly, we develop extended TOPSIS and Gray relational analysis approaches based on AgOp with unknown weight information of the criteria. In fifth, we design three algorithms to address the uncertainty and ambiguity information in emergency DMPs. Finally, the numerical case study of the novel carnivorous (COVID-19) situation is provided as an application for emergency decision-making based on the proposed three algorithms. Results explore the effectiveness of our proposed methodologies and provide accurate emergency measures to address the global uncertainty of COVID-19.     

天津市近代机场的规划和建设研究

分析近代天津历次近代城市规划中机场布局思想的演进历程，采用比较研究方法剖析天津近代各类机场设计方案的异同及其各自特征，并总结了天津近代机场场面规制及其跑道形制在不同时期的演进规律，还从规划编制体例角度论证了天津近代机场规划及其实例应用。     

煤矿井下避难硐室系统的构建与应用分析

为进一步减少煤矿事故发生后的人员伤亡、财产损失，在分析国内外煤矿井下避难系统发展的基础上，以何家塔煤矿井下避难硐室系统的构建设计与应用为例，详细介绍了井下避难硐室系统的分类、结构构成、功能需求和配套设施等，并通过紧急避险疏散时间的校验计算，提出避难硐室距离采掘工作面以不超过1 000 m为宜，且应按照“地面最安全，先逃生后避险”原则进行避险救援，为国内其他矿井避难硐室的构建应用和相关标准的制定提供了参考。     

压水堆堆芯损伤评价系统研究与开发

堆芯损伤评价是反应堆事故后应急评价的重要组成部分。本文在国外文献基础上,结合国内的运行经验,对压水堆堆芯损伤评价进行研究,并开发了相应的软件程序。堆芯损伤评价包括基于堆芯裸露时间、在线监测仪表读数和取样分析数据三种方法。考虑应急实时要求、电厂实际情况与国际经验,本文采用了基于在线监测仪表读数的评价方法,该方法主要是基于堆芯热电偶读数与安全壳辐射监测仪表读数进行评价,其他监测仪表读数进行辅助合理性证实。     

一种复杂产品总装工艺流程设计方法研究

围绕复杂产品总装工艺流程设计问题,从装配技术和企业经营管理的角度提出复杂产品总装工艺流程设计不仅是技术上的最优化,还应综合引入开工面限制、人力资源平衡、生产节拍需求以及投入产出比等因素,寻求技术与经营管理的平衡。提出了一种复杂产品总装工艺流程设计总体方案,设计了该方案的实现思路,并通过某型飞机总装工艺流程设计项目验证了方法的可行性和有效性。     

核电厂应急监测计划的关键问题及探讨

应急监测计划是核电厂应急计划的重要支持性文件,是核电厂应急监测准备和响应的重要依据。本文从核电厂事故应急监测方案、监测方法、监测设施设备配置、应急监测响应、监测能力的保持、质量保证等关键问题进行分析研究,提出相关建议,为核电厂应急监测计划的制订提供参考。     

Evaluation of the containment vessel failure time from operator’s notifications during a severe accident

This paper aims at clarifying the potential and the limit of the method to surmise the timing of the containment vessel (CV) failure utilizing the Emergency Action Levels (EALs) issued as a nuclear operator’s notification in an early phase of the severe accident (SA). We analyzed the timings of the EALs issued in all kinds of the SA sequences of several PWR plant models by using the SA analysis code, MAAP. We found high correlations between the timing of SE41 (EAL issued at CV pressure of 0.5 design pressure) and the timing of the CV failure in the typical scenarios, e.g. over-pressure failures. We could therefore establish an evaluating method to estimate the time for a CV failure. This method has the potential to support the decision-making in nuclear emergency preparedness.     

Multimodal sensing and active continuous closed‐loop feedback for achieving reliable manipulation in the outdoor physical world

The use of field robots can greatly decrease the amount of time, effort, and associated risk compared to if human workers were to carryout certain tasks such as disaster response. However, transportability and reliability remain two main issues for most current robot systems. To address the issue of transportability, we have developed a lightweight modularizable platform named AeroArm. To address the issue of reliability, we utilize a multimodal sensing approach, combining the use of multiple sensors and sensor types, and the use of different detection algorithms, as well as active continuous closed‐loop feedback to accurately estimate the state of the robot with respect to the environment. We used Challenge 2 of the 2017 Mohammed Bin Zayed International Robotics Competition as an example outdoor manipulation task, demonstrating the capabilities of our robot system and approach in achieving reliable performance in the fields, and ranked fifth place internationally in the competition.     

三峡水库消落区岸线环境综合整治思路初探

三峡水库蓄水运行引起的消落区生态环境问题与岸线安全稳定问题一直受到社会各界的高度重视。实施消落区岸线环境综合整治早已成为业内共识并将陆续进入项目实施阶段。通过对库区沿线部分拟建、在建及已建消落区岸线整治项目工程资料的收集整理,分析了项目全生命周期中可能存在的问题与困难,提出了消落区岸线整治的原则与思路,以期为三峡水库消落区岸线环境综合整治提供借鉴和参考。