模具设计与制造专业群虚拟仿真实训基地建设路径研究

针对模具设计与制造专业群实训教学开展过程中存在的问题,开展专业群虚拟仿真实训基地的建设,通过精密模具智能制造生产线仿真实训工厂、模具数字化设计及智能成型单元综合应用平台、开放共享课程资源等3个方面内容的建设,引入行业新技术、新工艺、新标准,确保虚拟仿真教学资源与学生职业能力培养相一致。基地建设依托智能制造新技术,以培养高层次复合型技术技能人才为主线,满足实训教学为核心,多方共享为目标,助力区域经济发展,服务"鲁班工坊"国际化建设,最终实现虚拟仿真实训基地区域示范性效果。     

Enhancement of a global lake and reservoir database to aid climate studies and resource monitoring utilizing satellite radar altimetry

Here, we describe the expansion and enhancement of a large (surface area ≥100 km²) lake and reservoir database (1.GREALD). These efforts have also resulted in the spin-off of two additional databases, one containing lakes and reservoirs (2.GREALD, area 10–99 km²), and the other containing ephemeral lakes (3.GELD, area ≥100 km²). These databases are unique sources for projects that utilize satellite radar altimeter data to monitor surface water levels. While 1.GREALD aims to be a complete catalog, 2.GREALD focuses on reservoirs in response to applied sciences programs that monitor water and energy resources. The creation of 3.GELD has climate change objectives as well as water resources and ecosystem conservation applications. The recording of information pertaining to the potential overpasses (waterbody crossings) of the current and archive satellite altimeters is a primary objective as is the need to highlight any form of controlled water level variation. The permanent water databases now contain 6282 entries, half experience some form of anthropogenic influence and ～430 have been identified as potential climatically sensitive terminal lakes. The revised integral surface area distribution is a power law with exponent ?1.016. Statistics reveal that with altimetric repeat visit times of 10-day to monthly, at least 80% of the permanent water bodies (≥10 km²) have been overflown at some period since the 1990s. Current information on water use and reservoir formation date show that the primary use of the reservoir class is hydroelectric power, and that China, Brazil, India, Turkey, and Vietnam dominate the dam building in recent decades.     

地表径流速度对城市内涝影响规律

为分析地表径流速度对城市内涝的影响,采用一维地下排水管网与二维城区地形的动态耦合模型,选取大连市某排水区块作为研究区域,设置4种地表径流速度10种设计降雨场景,模拟分析在不同重现期设计降雨及不同地表径流速度下研究区的内涝积水特性。结果表明:随着地表径流速度降低,管道排水压力变小,管道排水达标率最高可提升48.05%,且降雨重现期越短,地表径流流速对管道排水压力的削减效果越明显;地表径流流速对检查井溢流量影响显著,随着地表径流速度降低,检查井溢流量峰值最高可减小2 750 m~3,峰现时间最长可滞后56 min,同时随着降雨重现期增长,地表径流流速对检查井溢流量的削减效果减弱;研究区低、高风险区淹没面积随地表径流速度降低,最高可分别减小1.64万、8.37万m~2,但中风险区淹没面积变化反复。     

农药沉积利用率喷雾指示剂诱惑红的酶标仪测定方法

诱惑红是一种水溶性染料,近年来被用作农药沉积利用率测定的指示剂。诱惑红的检测方法为高效液相色谱法和分光光度法。高效液相色谱法需要专门的分析仪器,且价格昂贵,可见分光光度计法操作繁琐,试剂用量大,耗时长,均不适宜田间快速高效测定。笔者发展了诱惑红的酶标仪测定方法,简单高效,可批量检测多个样品,且准确度和精密度高,线性关系良好,514 nm检测波长下不受其他农药影响,并应用于玉米无人飞机喷雾场景下农药雾滴在玉米冠层的沉积利用率测定。     

铝业废阴极炭块资源化利用技术研究

为实现铝业废阴极炭块在钢铁冶金流程中资源化利用，通过深入研究废阴极炭块的相关物性，结合炼钢工艺对炭素及氟化物的物质需求，明确了废阴极炭块的无害化资源利用原理，工业试验结果表明废阴极炭块在炼钢转炉内可较好地实现无害化资源利用。     

Laboratory Studies to Determine Suitable Chemicals to Improve Oil Recovery from Garzan Oil Field

Garzan oil field is located at the south east of Turkey. It is a mature oil field and the reservoir is fractured carbonate reservoir. After producing about 1% original oil in place (OOIP) reservoir pressure started to decline. Waterflooding was started in order to support reservoir pressure and also to enhance oil production in 1960. Waterflooding improved the oil recovery but after years of flooding water breakthrough at the production wells was observed. This increased the water/oil ratio at the production wells. In order to enhance oil recovery again different techniques were investigated. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are gaining attention all over the world for oil recovery. Surfactant injection is an effective way for interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and wettability reversal. In this study, 31 different types of chemicals were studied to specify the effects on oil production. This paper presents solubility of surfactants in brine, IFT and contact angle measurements, imbibition tests, and lastly core flooding experiments. Most of the chemicals were incompatible with Garzan formation water, which has high divalent ion concentration. In this case, the usage of 2-propanol as co-surfactant yielded successful results for stability of the selected chemical solutions. The results of the wettability test indicated that both tested cationic and anionic surfactants altered the wettability of the carbonate rock from oil-wet to intermediate-wet. The maximum oil recovery by imbibition test was reached when core was exposed 1-ethly ionic liquid after imbibition in formation water. Also, after core flooding test, it is concluded that considerable amount of oil can be recovered from Garzan reservoir by waterflooding alone if adverse effects of natural fractures could be eliminated.     

葵花籽粕综合利用研究进展

葵花籽粕是葵花籽提油后的副产品。葵花籽粕蛋白品质优,各氨基酸组成平衡,此外葵花籽粕中还含有绿原酸、黄酮等多种活性物质,营养价值高,具有广阔的应用前景。从葵花籽粕作为原料提取有效成分及作为饲料用原料两方面对葵花籽粕资源的综合利用情况进行了阐述,以期为葵花籽粕的进一步开发利用提供参考。     

车用有机朗肯循环系统中计量泵的性能研究

在模拟车用有机朗肯循环(organic Rankine cycle,ORC)系统的工作环境下,设计并搭建以R123作为工质的液压隔膜计量泵性能测试平台。在额定转速(2900 r/min)下,通过调节液压隔膜计量泵的冲程(25%、50%、75%、100%)和出口压力,得到变工况下液压隔膜计量泵的特性曲线,并分析液压隔膜计量泵的关键参数对车用ORC系统性能的影响情况。结果表明:液压隔膜计量泵的流量受冲程影响,与出口压力基本无关。其输入功率和实际运行效率均随着冲程的增加而升高,最高分别可达523.91 W、88.27%。应用该液压隔膜计量泵的模拟车用ORC系统吸热量变化范围较广,系统热效率最高可达12.81%。液压隔膜计量泵可应用于车用ORC系统,通过调节液压隔膜计量泵的冲程和出口压力,可实现提高车用ORC系统热效率、增加系统净输出功率的目的。     

公民水素养评价表征因素模型构建与分析

针对我国水资源紧缺、水生态损害、水环境污染等相关水问题,以提升全民爱水惜水节水护水的意识和能力为目标,从水素养概念出发,通过扎根理论质性研究方法对公民水素养评价的表征因素进行筛选和提炼,最终得出包含水知识、水态度、水行为为主范畴的10个表征因素并运用解释结构模型(ISM)深入剖析各因素之间的内在联系。在此基础上建立了3级多层次递阶结构模型,进一步精确描述系统各要素两两之间的直接关系。结果表明:公民水素养评价的表征因素自上而下形成了表象层、中间层和根源层等3个层级,可直观、清晰地反映表征因素之间的递阶、层级关系;水态度在各表征因素中具有调节作用以及各表征因素之间存在内在逻辑关系。研究成果为提高公民水素养水平提供一定的科学依据和政策参考。     

西番莲的功能活性成分及加工与综合利用研究进展

文章概述了西番莲功能活性成分、药理活性及加工与综合利用,并分析了研究过程存在的问题,以期为后续的研究及产品开发提供参考。