草原石林：东北亚早白垩世花岗岩伸展穹隆和岩浆成矿爆发的地质遗迹及其形成过程

东北亚地区至少发育9个大型草原石林,属花岗岩石林的一种,是东北亚早白垩世巨量伸展和第四系冰川、风化作用的共同产物,主要特点是发育密集的近水平节理。本文通过整理岩浆岩专题填图和构造研究发现,这些石林的主体是早白垩世东北亚地区巨量伸展过程中形成众多的不对称花岗岩穹隆或同减薄岩体,岩体边部发育韧性剪切带,核部发布近水平岩浆流动面理,伸展和岩浆多期侵位导致与成矿密切相关的岩浆热液大量上涌,岩体抬升至地表,沿岩浆面理发育密集的近水平节理和部分垂直节理,后期沿这些构造面理发生的物理风化和化学作用(包括风蚀、冰川以及盐风化等)造就了千奇百怪的形态。草原石林是花岗岩地貌中的“另类”,不仅具有指示东北亚地区花岗岩形成时代(早白垩世)的特点,也是寻找晚中生代中国北方大规模成矿的良好标志体,而且风化形成的千姿百态的景色极具观赏价值,可以作为整个蒙古草原地区和大兴安岭南段地区特色的地学科普和生态旅游资源。     

对基层农技推广队伍建设的思考

通过对全县基层农技推广队伍的调整,分析了基层农技推广队伍的现状并找出现有的问题,进而有针对性地提出解决问题的办法。     

Grass as a high potential by-product: Buffalo grass to biogas and the increase of system performance and stability

Buffalo grass and alkaline-pretreated buffalo grass samples were co-digested with cow manure separately to generate biogas in anaerobic reactors. The study considered a solid content of 20% (10% buffalo grass and 10% cow manure). The methane (CH₄) content and CH₄ yield of the distinct experiments were compared. For the untreated buffalo grass, the weighed buffalo grass was mixed with cow manure and water. For the alkaline-pretreated buffalo grass, the weighed buffalo grass was soaked in 1% sodium hydroxide for 1 day prior to being mixed with cow manure and water. The untreated and pretreated buffalo grass-manure were fed semi-continuously at the rate of 125 mL/day for five days feeding in a 5 L reactor, with 40 days hydraulic retention time. The experiments were conducted for approximately 100 days. Results were reported when the systems were in steady-state conditions. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) conversion efficiency of co-digestion of the untreated and pretreated buffalo grass-manure were 46.21 and 62.76%, respectively, and for the total volatile solids (TVS) were 68.50 and 71.80%, respectively. The CH₄ contents generated from co-digestion of the untreated and pretreated buffalo grass-manure were 48.32% and 50.36%, respectively. The CH₄ yields generated from co-digestion of the untreated and pretreated buffalo grass-manure were 328 and 385 L/kgTVS conversion, respectively. It was observed from the experiments that pretreatment of the buffalo grass prior to co-digestion provided system stability during biogas production.     

脆肉鲩不同部位肌肉的质构特征分析

为了探讨影响脆肉鲩肌肉不同部位质构的因素,以基本营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质为对象进行了研究。结果显示,三个部位的硬度、弹性和咀嚼性之间的差异性显著(p<0.05)。腹部的水分、粗蛋白和灰分均比背部和尾部低,而脂肪含量却最高,说明背部的脆性与低水分、高蛋白、低脂肪含量有关。对于氨基酸,背部的甘氨酸和脯氨酸含量分别比腹部和尾部高11.45%、25.49%和8.08%、6.67%,且含硫氨基酸含量最高,但含羟基氨基酸的含量却最低,而背部和尾部的疏水性氨基酸含量分别比腹部高出3.96%和2.88%,说明了高甘氨酸、脯氨酸、含硫氨基酸和疏水性氨基酸是决定脆肉鲩不同部位特殊脆性的关键因素。三个部位的油酸、棕榈油酸和亚油酸与质构存在极强的相关性;对于矿物质,K、Na和Ca是脆肉鲩肌肉中主要的矿物质,不同部位的K、Na和Ca具有显著性差异(p<0.05),而尾部的Fe、Zn、Cu含量与背部和腹部具有非常显著差异(p<0.01),进一步说明脆肉鲩不同部位的脆性与金属含量的差异有关。总而言之,脆肉鲩不同部位肌肉质构特征的差异与肌肉中的物质密切相关。     

海州露天矿排土场植被重建技术研究

由于农业用地对环境要求相对较高,且需要大量的人力、物力进行管理,多数矿山企业在土地复垦时一般不将种植作物作为其土地用途,而是以管理工作及费用相对较少的林、草种植为主.林草种植在矿山复垦种植中占有相当重要的地位,着重探讨海州露天矿排土场牧草种植的技术途径.     

混凝土挡土墙施工技术总结

结合工程实践经验,介绍了混凝土挡土墙的施工工序,对基坑开挖、地基处理、垫层、基层及墙身的施工,沉降缝及泄水孔的处理等各施工环节的施工技术进行了阐述,供类似工程参考借鉴。