Specific emitter identification for satellite communication using probabilistic neural networks

Electromagnetic signal emitted by satellite communication (satcom) transmitters are used to identify specific individual uplink satcom terminals sharing the common transponder in real environment, which is known as specific emitter identification (SEI) that allows for early indications and warning (I&W) of the targets carrying satcom furnishment and furthermore the real time electromagnetic situation awareness in military operations. In this paper, the authors are the first to propose the identification of specific transmitters of satcom by using probabilistic neural networks (PNN) to reach the goal of target recognition. We have been devoted to the examination by exploring the feasibility of utilizing the Hilbert transform to signal preprocessing, applying the discrete wavelet transform to feature extraction, and employing the PNN to perform the classification of stationary signals. There are a total of 1000 sampling time series with binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation originated by five types of satcom transmitters in the test. The established PNNs classifier implements the data testing and finally yields satisfactory accuracy at 8 dB(±1 dB) carrier to noise ratio, which indicates the feasibility of our method, and even the keen insight of its application in military.     

In-line characterization of dispersion uniformity evolution during a twin-screw blending extrusion based on near-infrared spectroscopy

Properties of an immiscible polymer blend have been proved to be closely related to dispersion uniformity of the minor phase. At present, dispersion uniformity is difficult to evaluate during the blending process, resulting in hysteretic feedback. Aiming at this problem, this work utilized near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to in-line characterize dispersion uniformity evolution during a twin-screw extrusion. A multichannel NIR measurement system was set up and applied to evaluate the blending process of polypropylene and polyolefin elastomer (POE). Based on the NIR spectra collected at different positions of the extruder, five prediction models of POE content were established using the light gradient boosting machine algorithm. Dispersion uniformity was characterized through the fluctuation of the predicted content. The evolution of dispersion under such processing parameters was consistent with scanning electron microscopy.     

Progress on large area n‐type silicon solar cells with front laser doping and a rear emitter

We report on the progress of imec's n‐type passivated emitter, rear totally diffused rear junction silicon solar cells. Selective laser doping has been introduced in the flow, allowing the implementation of a shallow diffused front surface field and a reduction of the recombination current in the contact area. Simplifications have been implemented towards a more industrial annealing sequence, by replacing expensive forming gas annealing steps with a belt furnace annealing. By applying these improvements, together with an advanced texturing process and emitter passivation by atomic layer deposition of Al₂O₃, 22.5% efficient cells (three busbars) have been realized on commercial 156 · 156 mm² Czochralski‐Si. This result has been independently confirmed by ISE CalLab. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于属性测度的改进时域融合识别方法

基于时域融合的辐射源识别方法提高了单个传感器的识别准确度。文中提出了一种采用属性测度法获取基本概率赋值函数(BPAF),同时应用D-S(Dempster-Shafer)证据理论将多个量测周期识别结果进行有效融合的方法。该方法通过对已知辐射源库中的样本训练,获取样本特征参数的统计分布和权重来计算BPAF。当辐射源库中样本模式较多时,由于引入了统计的思想,在低信噪比情况下的正确识别率较其他时域融合方法得到提高。此外,由于大量的计算在样本识别之前已经完成,融合识别的速度很快。仿真和实验表明该算法是一种实时、有效的辐射源识别方法。     

基于转换脉冲神经网络的雷达辐射源识别方法

为提高雷达辐射源识别智能水平,提出一种新的基于转换脉冲神经网络进行雷达辐射源调制模式识别的 方法。将仿真产生的雷达信号转换为2 维时频图,将传统的卷积神经网络(convolutional neural networks, CNN)转化 为脉冲神经网络(spiking neuron network, SNN),使用SNN 进行雷达辐射源识别。仿真实验结果表明：该方法具有 优良的检测精度,当信噪比高于-9 dB 时,识别概率可达96%以上。     

Fluorescent polyacrylate derivate from 4-biphenylmethanol with UV-green emission

In this paper we report the synthesis of a new polyacrylate named poly(1,1?-BP4MA) which is a derivate from 4-biphenylmethanol monomer. Poly(1,1?-BP4MA) was obtained by solution and bulk polymerization techniques to yield polymers with high molecular weight and high solubility. The study of the optical properties showed that poly(1,1?-BP4MA) is a fluorescent material with emission in the UV-green region and it has similar quantum yield to tryptophan.     

Bipolar transport materials for electroluminescence applications

Benzofuranyl benzene incorporating naphthyl (phenothiazinyl or dimesitylboryl) entities via meta-conjugation have been synthesized. These compounds exhibit bipolar transport characteristic with mobilities in the range of 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁴ cm²/V s at an electric field of 4 × 10⁵ V/cm. The compounds with two naphthyl or dimesitylboryl substituents emit in the violet region with good solution quantum yields. The OLEDs fabricated from the benzofuranyl/dimethylboryl, benzofuranyl/naphthyl and benzofuranyl/dimethylboryl/phenathiazine derivatives have maximum external efficiencies of 1.01%, 1.41% and 3.14%, respectively.     

Structural Material Anomaly Detection System Using Water Chemistry Data, (III)

A method to determine the electric conductivity of water continuously and directly at elevated temperature up to 300°C was developed which can be applied as a sensor for corrosion behavior foreknowledge and diagnosis systems using water chemistry data of BWR primary coolant. Complex impedance was measured between a couple of parallel platinum electrodes installed with a constant distance and dipped in the water. By analyzing frequency dependence of the impedance, the resistivity of the water between the platinum electrodes was estimated separately from the impedance caused by surface reactions on the platinum electrodes, which was the source of error in the measurement of electrical conductivity at elevated temperature.

Increase of necessary frequency to obtain the surface impedance at elevated temperature was evaded by the extrapolation of the frequence dependence of the impedance with calculations by using the data up to 100 kHz in which electric conductivity shows negligibly small dependence on the frequency of applied voltage.

The measured conductivity of pure water up to 300°C showed a good agreement with the calculation based on the dissociation data of water, which shows the applicability for the in-line monitor of electrical conductivity at elevated temperature.     

Macro-autoradiographs of alpha emitters in environmental materials observed with solid-state track detector CR-39

Macro-autoradiographs of alpha emitters in environmental materials were obtained with solid-state nuclear track detector CR-39. This method is applicable only to alpha particles, and because their penetration ranges are very short, the obtained images are very clear. Since the method is simple and inexpensive, it can be used even at the high-school level. From the etch pit density obtained by microscopic observation, the radioactivity density of materials can be determined by using some theoretical calculations.