Piezoelectric properties and microstructure of ceramicrete-based piezoelectric composites

Inorganic piezoelectric ceramic composite is the potential sensing element for long-term structural health monitoring due to its excellent durability and compatibility. In this study, a Ceramicrete-based piezoelectric composite is proposed preliminarily, in which the magnesium potassium phosphate cement is used as the matrix and the lead zirconate titanate particle is utilized as the functional phase. Piezoelectric properties test and microstructure analysis are performed to evaluate the testing samples. Results show that the piezoelectric performance of the composite increase with the increase of piezoelectric ceramic particle size. The value of the piezoelectric strain factor (d₃₃) can reach 83.8 pC/N, while the corresponding piezoelectric voltage factor (g₃₃) is 50.1 × 10^-3 V•m/N at the 50th day after polarization. Microstructure analysis illustrates that the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the matrix and the particles is dense. Moreover, the influence of aging on the composite is attributed to the continuous hydration after polarization. It indicates that the composites have a higher piezoelectric performance, which can be regarded as a promising sensing element material.     

Upregulated Expression of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase in Ocular Adnexal Marginal Zone Lymphoma with IgG4-Positive Cells

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic disorder characterized by tissue fibrosis and intense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, causing progressive organ dysfunction. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a deaminase normally expressed in activated B-cells in germinal centers, edits ribonucleotides to induce somatic hypermutation and class switching of immunoglobulin. While AID expression is strictly controlled under physiological conditions, chronic inflammation has been noted to induce its upregulation to propel oncogenesis. We examined AID expression in IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD; n = 16), marginal zone lymphoma with IgG4-positive cells (IgG4+ MZL; n = 11), and marginal zone lymphoma without IgG4-positive cells (IgG4- MZL; n = 12) of ocular adnexa using immunohistochemical staining. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly higher AID-intensity index in IgG4-ROD and IgG4+ MZL than IgG4- MZL (p < 0.001 and = 0.001, respectively). The present results suggest that IgG4-RD has several specific causes of AID up-regulation in addition to inflammation, and AID may be a driver of oncogenesis in IgG4-ROD to IgG4+ MZL.     

基于FLAC3D的破碎围岩巷道支护效果分析

为了解破碎围岩分别采用锚杆支护、锚喷支护以及锚喷+锚索耦合三种支护方式下的支护效果,进而为破碎围岩巷道选择合理的支护方式提供参考。通过借助FLAC^3D软件建立数值模型,分析不同支护条件下的破碎围岩巷道位移量、应力分布以及塑性区的时空演化特征。结果表明,采用锚喷+锚索耦合支护时,可以较好的控制巷道围岩的位移量、减小应力集中效应、缩小塑性区的影响范围。     

Process parameters influence on zone refining and thermodynamics analysis of 1,2-diphenylethane

Effective distribution coefficients of 9 impurities in 1,2-diphenylethane have been calculated by directional crystallization under different ambient frozen temperature. The effect of varied zone size, temperature difference between the melt and ambient frozen environment, number of zone on purity of 1,2-diphenylethane have been also investigated during the process of zone refining. The results indicate that the product purity in the intermediate purified region with varied zone size is higher 0.04%-0.2% than that with constant zone size. The product purity increases with temperature difference between the melt and ambient frozen environment. The appropriate temperature difference is adopted 50℃. The product purity in the intermediate region of sample bar with 2 molten zones is higher 0.05%-0.43% than that with 1 molten zone. In addition, the change of enthalpy and entropy between impurities and 1,2-diphenylethane have been determined.     

深井超深井钻井堵漏材料高温老化性能评价

深井超深井钻进裂缝性油气层极易发生频繁的钻井液漏失,造成严重储层损害和重大经济损失。储层段钻进过程中经常发生重复性漏失,意味着仅用酸溶率、粒度分布等常规堵漏材料评价指标已不能满足钻井液漏失控制工程需要。笔者以塔里木盆地克深气田钻井常用的核桃壳、毫米级碳酸钙为研究对象,开展了堵漏材料高温老化评价实验。实验评价结果表明,在180℃的柴油中老化24 h后,核桃壳的颜色由黄色变成黑色,质量损失率为25.16 % ,摩擦系数下降28.24 % ,抗压强度下降21.21 % ;毫米级碳酸钙的颜色由白色变成淡黄色,质量损失率为2.47 % ,摩擦系数下降1.33 % ,抗压强度基本不变;由高温老化后的核桃壳和毫米级碳酸钙所形成的封堵层,其承压能力下降了48.84 % 。分析指出,堵漏材料高温老化失效是深井超深井裂缝封堵层结构破坏并在储层段发生重复性漏失的一个重要因素。     

Carbonation of Chrysotile under Subduction Conditions

In order to understand the role of serpentine minerals in the global carbon cycle, high-pressure X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments were performed on chrysotile (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄) using carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a pressure medium. Synchrotron XRD patterns revealed the formation of magnesite and high-pressure chrysotile after heating at 170 °C for 1 h at 2.5(1) GPa. The Rietveld refinement suggests that the unit cell composition of the original chrysotile changes to Mg_2.4(1)Si₂O₅(OH)_2.4(1) upon the formation of magnesite, which appears to be driven by the dehydrogenation of the innermost hydroxyl group, OH3, and the rearrangement of magnesium (Mg) at the M1 site, leading to the formation of metastable monodehydroxylated chrysotile. Metastable chrysotile is observed up to 5.0(1) GPa and 500 °C, which corresponds to the slab Moho geotherms for the South Sumatra and Ryukyu subduction zone. After recovery to ambient conditions, the characteristic fibrous morphology of the original chrysotile was found to have changed to an earthy form. These results can help us to understand deep carbon cycling along the subduction zones, and may prompt the design of a novel method of asbestos detoxification using pressure and temperature.     

碳酸盐岩岩溶储层多井评价方法及地质应用

多井评价是建立在单井精细解释对比分析基础上的预测储层及含油气性平面分布规律的技术方法,而常规测井资料无法区分碳酸盐岩岩溶储层,因而利用多井评价结果确定岩溶发育程度在平面上的分布规律就显得十分重要。为此,在岩心标定成像测井的基础上,对四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区15口井的成像测井岩溶发育特征进行分析,建立了中二叠统茅口组岩溶发育各分带的标准成像图版,利用交会图及直方图分析各分带的常规测井响应特征,在此基础上形成了电成像测井刻度常规测井识别岩溶发育带的新方法。研究结果表明:①高石梯—磨溪地区茅口组岩溶带自上而下可划分为风化壳残积带、垂直渗流岩溶带、水平潜流岩溶带以及受岩溶作用较弱的基岩;②风化壳残积带在成像测井图像显示为"暗—亮—暗"条带状模式,垂直渗流岩溶带为垂直线状与暗色斑状组合模式,水平潜流岩溶带为水平线状—层状与斑状组合模式,基岩整体显示为亮色块状模式偶见线状或斑状特征;③有效储层主要发育在垂直渗流带和水平潜流带的顶部;④该区茅口组岩溶发育主要受裂缝发育控制,而裂缝发育又与断层关系密切。结论认为,该新方法对碳酸盐岩岩溶储层的多井评价具有普遍适用性,为四川盆地中二叠统风险探井的部署提供了技术支撑。     

利用地震品质因子Q比例的分布特征预测南川页岩气藏保存条件

根据地震数据、地质资料和地震属性，开展了南川地区五峰组-龙马溪组下部页岩的地震品质因子Q平面上分布与页岩气保存条件评价研究。针对南川地区页岩气开发中的断裂破碎带，提出了一种获取稳定品质因子Q比例及界限的工作流程和相应的迭代算法。研究表明，地震品质因子Q比例的分布可以快速、直观识别出断裂破碎带的内幕特征与不同类型页岩分布区。其中，断裂破碎带页岩区的品质因子Q比例总体上偏小，大多低于0.2，局部超过0.5，平面上分布杂乱、碎斑状；页岩呈北东向展布的条带，被断裂所撕裂、破碎，保存条件较差。稳定分布的页岩区的品质因子Q比例是较高的，超过0.7，平面变化稳定，没有突变现象，保存条件好。微裂缝发育的页岩区的品质因子Q比例具有渐变的趋势性，品质因子Q比例的分布从该页岩区的边部0.7向中部有规律地减小至0.1，保存条件最佳。实践证明，高产气井大多位于稳定分布的页岩区或内部微裂隙发育的稳定页岩区，地震品质因子Q比例研究方法对页岩气保存评价与开发井优化部署是一个实用工具。     

极端耗水层带精准识别和调堵新技术

油田注水开发后期,部分油层存在极端耗水层带,存在耗水量大,注水驱油效率低,水循环成本高的开发问题,精准认识并有效封堵极端耗水层带,可提高注水利用率。目前国外出现了应用磁性纳米粒子的精细表征新技术及超顺磁性纳米颗粒封堵新技术,抑制极端耗水,实现低成本、高强度、深度堵调。     

三塘湖盆地中—下侏罗统煤层甲烷风化带划分

以三塘湖盆地中、低煤阶煤层含气量和主要气体成分为基础,结合盆地构造、沉积及水文地质特征,对汉水泉凹陷和条湖凹陷煤层甲烷风化带进行了划分,并对库木苏凹陷、马朗凹陷、淖毛湖凹陷和苏鲁克凹陷煤层甲烷风化带进行了预测。结果表明,三塘湖盆地甲烷风化带深度为400~1000 m.由于受东北冲断隆起带的影响,三塘湖盆地北部甲烷风化带浅于南部。沉积方面,盆地东部淖毛湖凹陷、马朗凹陷和条湖凹陷深湖—半深湖和辫状河三角洲成煤环境优于盆地西部汉水泉凹陷和库木苏凹陷扇三角洲成煤环境,盆地东部甲烷风化带普遍浅于西部;水文地质方面,条湖凹陷和马朗凹陷中开启性局部滞留水文地质单元形成的甲烷风化带浅于其他凹陷封闭性弱径流水文地质单元的甲烷风化带。初步预测马朗凹陷北部为下一步煤层气勘探开发的优势区块,条湖凹陷北部为下一步煤系气勘探开发的优势区块。