Computer‐aided design methodology for linearity enhancement of multiwatt GaN HEMT amplifiers using multiple parallel devices

This article presents a design methodology for linearizing GaN HEMT amplifiers based on splitting a large FET into multiple parallel FETs with same total gate periphery and by biasing them individually. By varying the biases, the magnitude and the phase of the IMD3 components at the output of FET changes. A detailed simulation methodology using commercial microwave CAD software is presented. Simulation results show that by biasing one device in Class AB and other(s) in deep Class AB mode, IMD3 components of parallel FETs can be made out of phase to each other leading to cancellation and improvement in linearity. Three prototype circuits were simulated using (a) a single 5 mm FET (1 × 5 mm), (b) two parallel 2.5 mm FETs (2 × 2.5 mm), and (c) four parallel 1.25 mm FETs (4 × 1.25 mm), for a total gate periphery of 5 mm, over the frequency range of 0.8 to 1.0 GHz. IMD3 improvement up to 20 dBc was achieved with the 4 × 1.25 mm circuit when the FET biases were optimized. Measurement results show improvement in linearity up to 20 dBc for 4 × 1.25 mm circuit. The proposed method improves linearity without a substantial penalty on the power consumption and is straightforward to implement.     

Active disturbance rejection based trajectory linearization control for hypersonic reentry vehicle with bounded uncertainties

This paper investigates a novel compound control scheme combined with the advantages of trajectory linearization control (TLC) and alternative active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for hypersonic reentry vehicle (HRV) attitude tracking system with bounded uncertainties. Firstly, in order to overcome actuator saturation problem, nonlinear tracking differentiator (TD) is applied in the attitude loop to achieve fewer control consumption. Then, linear extended state observers (LESO) are constructed to estimate the uncertainties acting on the LTV system in the attitude and angular rate loop. In addition, feedback linearization (FL) based controllers are designed using estimates of uncertainties generated by LESO in each loop, which enable the tracking error for closed-loop system in the presence of large uncertainties to converge to the residual set of the origin asymptotically. Finally, the compound controllers are derived by integrating with the nominal controller for open-loop nonlinear system and FL based controller. Also, comparisons and simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.     

压力容器分析设计中应力线性化原理及其计算

扼要介绍压力容器分析设计中应力线性化的基本原理,并详细阐述了非轴对称模型和轴对称模型下应力线性化的基本计算方法。目的在于为压力容器的分析设计提供参考,以准确地分析器壁的应力情况。     

成层地基非线性波动问题人工边界与波动输入研究

建立了考虑非线性效应的无限成层地基波动模拟的时域人工边界条件及相应的波动输入方法。首先，推导了线性阻尼介质中的一维人工边界公式，进而推广得到近似的二维人工边界方程：然后，通过等效线性化处理，获得了近似考虑远场成层地基非线性效应的人工边界：最后，建立了相应的波动输入方法。数值算例表明，所给出的人工边界与波动输入方法具有良好的精度，可以方便地应用于成层地基非线性波动问题的研究。     

基于谐波线性化的模块化多电平换流器阻抗建模

模块化多电平换流器(MMC)的小信号阻抗建模是分析含MMC的电力系统谐振及稳定性的关键。MMC是一个多频率、非线性、周期性时变的系统,具有复杂的内部动态特性,传统的小信号建模方法无法直接用于MMC。采用谐波线性化法对MMC的交流侧小信号阻抗进行建模,计及谐波环流和电容电压稳态纹波的影响,并揭示了环流控制对MMC交流侧阻抗的作用机理。利用MATLAB/Simulink搭建三相MMC详细时域仿真模型,仿真测量结果验证了解析模型的正确性。     

Sepic变换器直接电流控制

基于李亚普诺夫直接法和输入输出线性化控制法,提出了一种新型Sepic变换器直接电流控制策略。建立了Sepic变换器单输入单输出仿射非线性系统模型。采用李亚普诺夫直接法,建立了Sepic变换器李亚普诺夫直接法控制系统。在李亚普诺夫直接法的基础上提出了一种直接电流控制方法,通过直接控制电感电流,间接获得期望的输出电压。比较分析发现该直接电流控制法比李亚普诺夫直接法控制结构更简单,控制代价更低,易于数字实现。数值仿真和实验结果验证了所提控制策略的正确性和优越性。基于所提控制方法的系统输出无稳态误差,并对负载扰动具有较强的鲁棒性。     

An input–output linearization algorithm‐based control for optimization of DFIG

This paper proposes an input–output linearization‐based active power control strategy to maximize the energy production of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind energy conversion system (WECS). The DFIG‐based wind turbine is a nonlinear system, and the nonlinear behavior will result in tracking errors. The proposed control strategy utilizing state feedback successfully deals with the nonlinear behavior existing in the WECS. Such a control will linearize the system input and output first. Then, the control loop and parameters can be designed by the linear system control algorithm. The simulations carried in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the proposed control strategy is effective and promising. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

交叠分段拟合在热传感器线性化中的应用

分段最小二乘多项式拟合是一种常用的传感器线性化函数生成方法。针对常规分段策略下相邻分段间经常出现跳变的问题,提出交叠分段拟合方法,先按预设的交叠比逐段进行拟合;然后在交叠区中搜索距离最近的点,作为相邻段的实际分界点。实验结果表明:当交叠比取0.30时,该方法能够在总分段数略有增加的情况下,有效抑制分段处的跳变。     

全局等效线性化土层地震反应分析方法

强非线性下土层地震反应数值模拟方法是国际难题,等效线性化是该类问题最佳求解方式之一。提出了全局等效剪应变的概念和算法,编制了新的等效线性化土层地震反应计算程序。研究表明,以0.65倍最大剪应变为等效剪应变的传统方法不适于土层强非线性应变模拟,采用全局优化,以可参与性和完整性为原则构建全局等效剪应变。可参与性由有效剪应变门槛值确定,以峰值超过门槛值的所有剪应变波共同参与计算来实现剪应变信息的完整性,并采用零交法保证等效剪应变与剪应变时程之间有唯一对应关系。以KiK-net井下台阵46个场地、地表PGA为0.04g~1.21g的1963组实测记录为样本,对该方法和现有其它方法进行了对比检验,结果表明所提出的概念和公式正确合理,可很好地解决模拟强非线性下场地地震放大作用的问题。